본 연구는 판교를 포함하는 성남지역을 세계적인 게임 산업 클러스터로 육성하기 위한 정책과제를 제안하기 위하여, 산업생태계 이론에 근거 하여 성남 지역의 게임콘텐츠 산업생태계를 분석하였다. 먼저 성남 가치사슬 구조를 분석한 결과, 중핵 업종과 확장된 네트워크의 상호작용을 활성화하기 위한 정책과 노력이 요구 되었다. 두 번째 기업 간 연관 관계를 분석한 결과, 지역 내 강소 게임 업체 지원을 통한 건전한 생태계 육성 정책이 요구 되었다. 마지막으로 혁신 자원과 환경을 분석해본 결과, 산업인력양성을 위한 교육적 생태계 구축이 시급히 요구 되었다. 본 연구의 의의는 산업생태계 이론을 활용하여 게임콘텐츠 산업을 분석할 수 있는 기반을 마련 한 점과 정책적 과제를 도출함으로서, 지역산업 분석 연구에 대한 새로운 가능성을 제안했다는 점을 들 수 있다.

China’s economy has entered upon a new phase after undergoing the rapid development. But more and more social abuses are shown such as the soaring unemployment, the imbalance between supply and demand in the labor market. In order to deal with some uncertain market problems, the corporate takes immature measures to alleviate burdens by means of reducing the cost of raw materials or reducing the number of workers. The corporate didn’t go in for technical renovations or open new markets to create new opportunities. Yet this reality together with the lack of social experience and self-awareness makes the university graduates get lost in the decisions whether to be employed or to be self- employed. The difficulty of landing jobs forces many students to set up their own business. Meanwhile, with the development of computer and network technique, the digital games has entered into the daily life of the youth. Practice shows it is impossible to isolate them from digital games. Therefore a urgent problem is put forward. The problem is to provide high level business strategy games, to give guidance to students on landing jobs or creating jobs, to make up for the shortcomings in modern enterprise education by providing a series of educational business strategy games.

우리나라 농촌지역은 재해에 대해 대단히 취약한 구조를 가지고 있다. 또한 농촌인구의 고령화와 마을의 공동화 현상 등으로 인하여 인구가 밀집된 도시지역에 대하여 정책적인 배려가 충분하다고 보기 어려운 실정이다. 우리나라와 마찬가지의 사정을 가진 일본의 농촌지역은 재해구호, 재해보상 및 재해보험 등 농업재해를 극복하기 위한 제도적인 장치를 마련해 두고 있다. 또한 농촌지역 방재사업을 통하여 농업용 시설의 재해를 미연에 방지하고, 농업용수의 수질보존, 농업용 시설의 기능 회복 등 농촌지역의 역량을 고려한 정책과 제도가 실시되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 일본 농업재해제도에 관한 법적인 검토를 비롯하여, 농촌지역 주민과 정부 및 지자체의 기능에 따른 역할을 명확하게 분석하여 농촌지역의 자생적인 방재활동 범위를 분석하였다. 특히, ‘농지방재사업실시요강’ 및 ‘농지방재사업 등 보조금교부요강’ 등 정부에 의한 지원시책을 분석하고, 우리나라의 정책과의 비교분석을 통하여 현재의 문제점 및 개선방안을 제시하였다. 일본의 경우, 기존의 하드웨워적 정비에 더하여 광역적이고 종합적인 시점을 중시한 정책의 추진 및 지역과의 연계를 중시하는 방재대책의 추진을 위한 다양한 시책이 발표되고 있다. 이러한 시책은 정부와 지역민과의 원활한 정보공유 및 광범위한 합의를 바탕으로 추진되고 있으며, 우리나라에서의 시사점은 크다고 할 수 있다.

현대 업무용 건축물들은 대형화 및 고층화됨에 따라서 효율적이고 인텔리전트한 빌딩 관리 환경 지원을 위하여 IT 기반의 건축물이 증가하고 있다. 특히, IT기반의 건축물들 중 사무용 특히 전산관련 시설에서는 건축물의 실내바닥에 배선 또는 배관이 대량 집중 설치되어지고 있다. 이러한 건축물에서는 시설의 점검 및 교환 작업 등에 유연한 환경을 제공하기 위하여 악세스플로어 등이 시공되어지고 있으나 시간이 지남에 따라 시공된 바닥 아래에서는 먼지 또는 티끌이 쌓이게 된다. 이는 화재 위험성 및 화재 시 화재확산의 위험성에 노출되어 있으나 이러한 위험성을 예측할 수 있는 기준 및 화재 확산에 대한 실험적 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 인텔리전트 빌딩에서 야기될 수 있는 화재 위험을 실험을 통해 화재의 특성을 파악하고 이를 실제 인텔리전트 빌딩의 성능기반의 화재안전설계가 수행되도록 기초 자료로 사용할 수 있는 기초 분석 자료가 되고자 하였다.

The main purpose of the research is to suggest a new business model of direct distribution of organic agricultural products cultivated in suburban area. To secure competitiveness, logistics cost reduction is important through direct transaction of organic agricultural products cultivated on suburban area. The research addresses food safety, farmers' income and unemployment issues with Eco-M business model. The research methods include investigation on the followings: current domestic agriculture; related problems on the existing literature reviews; the current status of suburban agriculture; specialty store of eco-friendly agricultural products. Eco-M business model can solve various problems of suburban agriculture supply system, challenges of organic farming specialty stores, unemployment issues, and difficulties of processing verticalization. Future research should include followings. First, there should be comparative analysis between businesses of environmentfriendly specialty stores through suburban agriculture and producer's agriculture connected with organic farming market. Second, it is required to develop strategy of environment-friendly specialty stores. Finally, analysis of the potential of Sextic industries is necessary throughout production-process-service process.

Purpose - This study illustrates research product industrial engineering, which needs to be promoted to encourage knowledge intensive businesses. Research traditions related to industrial business products and a fuzzy multi criteria decision approach in technology management for product design industries have undergone continuous changes over time. However, there is no clarity on the present situation, and there is a need to reform business enterprises. Research design, data, and methodology - Using fuzzy theory and appraising multi-goal plans, the manner of promoting the competitive advantage of industrial businesses is analyzed using a case study. In the case study, various aspects are examined, such as product design and manufacture, fuzzy set decisions with multi attribute policy making, flaws in the present system, and a review of the related literature. Results - New fuzzy and multi criteria designs can improve the existing keyboard by solving product problems, resulting in a clear and durable typeface for a creative LED keyboard. Conclusion - Using a fuzzy set with multi attribute policymaking influences the achievements appraisal system and can help achieve the anticipated strategy goal of product design.

Under high agricultural automation in rice farming, cultivation acreage expansion can be considered for the economies of scale. Also, considering the circumstances of higher ratio in leased farms than independent farms, Long-term Leasing Business of Farmland can be the most public and transparent method to expand cultivation acreage for lease farming. Therefore, this research observes the various factors such as application motives, satisfaction, and demands of Long-term Leasing Business of Farmland, which the importance is on the rise and serves as a means to increase agricultural expansion, as well as its operational performance analysis. The research results and implications are as follows. Long-term Leasing Business of Farmland have positive effects such as ensuring stable farming through documental contract, providing convenience because the lease contractor requires no meetings during the contract period, providing opportunities to expand the farm size, and acquiring economical gain which is linked to satisfaction aspects of the businesses. On the other hand, demands such as strengthened business advertisement, writing business documents by correlating with related organizations, and clear lease price configuration were made by the businesses. To bring improvements, this research proposes; 1) expanding support to related businesses, 2) providing convenience through related organization correlations, and 3) configuring clear lease prices considering the regional conditions.

To study the value-relevance of accounting information for business combinations in Chinese capital market, this paper uses Ohlson(1995) residual income valuation model to empirically examine the correlation among the enterprise stock price, consolidated earnings, consolidated book values, goodwill and earnings of combined party that have been realized prior to the combination. Empirical results show that the value-relevance of accounting information for purchase combinations is higher than that for pooling combinations, and accounting method employed is one of the important reasons. Furthermore, we put forward some corresponding policy recommendations to improve the value-relevance of accounting information for pooling combinations.

Self-sufficiency rate of food in South Korea is almost at the lowest level among OECD countries, and the decrease tend of farmland is expected to be continued. In this situation, Korea experienced a rapid change in the international price of grain due to changes in amount of grain production and food weaponization. It also started to reinforce the appropriateness of maintenance of farmland above certain standard. As one of policy means for this situation, this study selected "the use of idle farmland" as a subject, and started to consider the way to suggest the policy projects using idle farmland. The result of this study is summarized as follows. Firstly, this study defined the meaning of idle farmland, and set up the scope of idle farmland needed to this study. Secondly, this study analyzed the domestic major policy projects with prevention function of idle farmland as well as the policy projects related to idle farmland. It also investigated "recycling measures of idle farmland" that is recently promoted in Japan, and deducted the direction for developing a new model. Lastly, It suggested 9 policy project models that are finally able to use idle farmland. Suggested models are designed to access from various directions. This study suggested contents, entity, target and characteristics of projects in order to set up proper directions in promoting policy projects using idle farmland.

Purpose - Considering the importance of education as the base for countries’ development, the results of various studies show that accounting education is not reconciled to business environment changes with huge defects in methods of education and knowledge transition. Research design, data, and methodology – By reviewing current research and considering the effect of 12 factors, the study traces and detects why accounting education is far from the business environment from viewpoints of academic and practitioner bodies. After testing for validity and reliability, 225 questionnaires were administrated among representatives of three groups. Results - Respondents were not satisfied with lack of specification of various scientific areas of accounting, that less attention is paid to accounting software education, and about the rarity of workshops for performing accounting skills and discordance between accounting education and standard rules. Conclusion - These findings agreed with Albrecht and Sack (2001) who stated that the current style of accounting education is very cluttered and incomplete and needs major adjustments: subjects of accounting education must be based on the grounds of work needs not on willing academics.

Purpose - This paper objectively analyzes the effects of globalization on Zimbabwe’s business and economic development using the Business in Context (BIC) model. Research design, data, and methodology - We employed a qualitative research methodology, following an exploratory secondary research design in this paper. Results - The findings reveal that businesses in Zimbabwe have benefited from globalization as it has drawn investments from international companies in the country. In addition, the business sector is benefiting from the economies of scale realized from the investments made by companies in Africa, East Asia, Europe, and America. However, we also discover that globalization has resulted in the proliferation of cheap sub-standard goods and services from East Asia, and has increased competition between indigenous companies and foreign-owned multinationals. Conclusion - Our findings suggest that globalization has both positive and negative effects on business and economic development in Africa in general, and Zimbabwe in particular. However, we note that the advantages, to a certain extent, outweigh the disadvantages. What, then, could be the way forward for Zimbabwe, in the face of globalization? As a solution, this paper recommends the development of a policy on global associations by the Zimbabwean government, to enhance business and economic development.

Purpose - The study investigates the obstacles faced by small business owners (SBOs) in accessing finance in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. The study aims to identify the causes of inaccessibility to finance for SBOs, investigate the role of government agencies in supporting SBOs, assess the extent to which banks support SMMEs, and suggest solutions to ease the challenge of inaccessibility of finance. Research design, data, methodology -We used a triangulation research design, wherein SMME owners and managers in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality were the target population. We used simple random sampling techniques to select respondents, and conducted in-depth interviews to collect qualitative data. Results - We analyzed quantitative data using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and factor analysis. The qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. The study identifies and discusses the obstacles in accessing finance; the main among which are the lack of collateral security, poor business plans, lack of knowledge, and lack of financial deposit. Conclusions -We urge the banks, government, and government agencies to support the SMME sector, for it remains the economic engine of many African countries and helps in reducing the impact of socio-economic challenges, like unemployment and poverty.

A mass balance of process was calculated by using the analysis of basic unit and environmental assessment of all the processes of Busan fashion color industry cooperative that operates a combined heat and power plant and a bio treatment plant. The mass balance for the combined heat and power plant was done, based on boiler and water treatment processes while each unit reactor was used for the bio treatment plant. From the results above, a resource recycle network, a treatment flowchart for food waste water/wastewater treatment and a carbon reduction program were established.

In this paper, an environmental assessment was carried out on the whole process of industrial business activities to establish a basic plan for climate change mitigation and energy independency. The whole process was divided into each discharge process in terms of water, air, solid waste, green house gases and refractory organic compounds. The flowcharts and basic unit of process were analysed for three years (2008-2010), being utilized as basic information for the life cycle assessment. It was found that the unit loading for the whole process significantly depends on changes in the operation rate change and highly concentrated wastewater inflow. About 35% of solid waste production was reduced by improving the incineration method with co-combustion in coal boiler, generating about 57% of electricity used for the whole process, and consequently reducing the energy costs. As the eco-efficiency index was found to be more than 1, compared to the previous years, it can be said that improvement in general has taken place.

Purpose - The study investigated the obstacles to accessing finance by small business operators in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. The objectives of the study were to identify the causes of inaccessibility to finance by small business operators, to investigate the role of government agencies in supporting small business operators, to assess the extent to which banks support SMMEs and to suggest solutions to ease the challenge of inaccessibility of finance by small business operators. Research design, data, methodology – Triangulation research design was used in this study. SMME owners and managers in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality were the target population. Simple random sampling technique was used to select respondents. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect qualitative data. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and factor analysis. Qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. Results - Obstacles to accessing finance were identified and discussed. Lack of collateral security, poor business plans, lack of knowledge and lack of financial deposit are some of the main factors identified. Conclusions - The banks, government and government agencies are urged to support the SMME sector for it remains the economic engine of many African countries. This sector also helps in reducing the impact of socio-economic challenges like unemployment and poverty.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the business performance determinants of private consulting firms supporting bottom-up local development projects in rural areas. Under the shortage of well-trained rural development professionals, Private consulting firms support rural development projects driven by the residents. Considering the important role for consulting firms to play in the success in rural development projects, it becomes necessary to review the circumstances of consulting market on rural development projects. This study targeted 80 companies that are listed in the book rural development consulting firms. Analysis showed that factors influencing the business performance are not professional competencies but other external factors. The implications based on the above results need to be considered for policy-making to ensure that consulting company selection must be guaranteed of the consulting firms'capability by detailed fields of consulting firms' capability, and the training system for rural development experts must be formed.

In the last several years, South Korea's shipbuilders have been dominating global shipbuilding. Thus, many global suppliers in the shipbuilding industry, especially German supply companies, are eager to get the Korean major shipbuilders as their customer. This study analyzed the different ways of business behaviours of German and Korean businessmen regarding customer-supplier relations. Furthermore, this paper aims to examine the kinds of challenges the international businessmen are confronted with and how this affects everyday business between German suppliers and Korean customers, using several case examples. Finally, backgrounds of cross-cultural problems and conflicts of German-Korean business relations are identified and explained.

Purpose - This research examined the relationship between business orientation and business goals and satisfaction of Korean-American business owners. Research design/data/methodology - Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) and Small Business Orientation (SBO) were the theoretical constructs underlying this research. The responses from 200 Korean-American business owners who participated in the 2005 National Minority Business Owner Surveys were used for data analysis. Results - Noneconomic business goal was positively related to business owners’ SBO tendency, and those with a SBO tendency had the higher business satisfaction than those with EO. Conclusions - The findings suggest that policy makers should develop business assistance programs that correspond with owners’ business orientation.

In the Korean Criminal Act Article 355 ②, it is provided that a person who, administering another’s business, obtains pecuniary advantage or causes a third person to do so from another in violation of ones duty, thereby causing loss to such person, shall be punished by penal servitude for not more than five years or by a fine not exceeding fifteen million Won. On the one hand, in Article 357 ①, it is specified that a person who, administering another’s business, receives property or obtains pecuniary advantage from a third person in response to an illegal solicitation concerning his duty, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than five years or by a fine not exceeding ten million won. Two crimes have one thing in common with reference to principal agent of each crime. But the content and range of “another’s business” in Article 355② is one thing, the “another’s business” in Article 357① is quite another. The reason is as follows. (1) while the former is property crimes, the latter is a kind of bribery crimes, (2) The crime of Article 355 ② is required a particular relevance with the contents among crime constitutions such as the protecting benefit, act, result. Thus, the content and range of “another’s business” in Article 355② must be a business appertaining to the property. But, as regards an interpretation of the “another’s business” in Article 357 ①, there is no necessity for restricting that content to a business appertaining to the property, because it doesn’t exist a particular relevance with the contents among crime constitutions in Article 357 ①.