The history of the Japanese army’s exploitation of comfort women during World War II differs greatly from other history of violence in that it was transnational, transracial, and perpetual. The history had been silenced due to the aftermath of the Cold War, authoritarian governance, and the social stigmatizing by the patriarchal society. It was from the 90s that the history became a global agenda when Korean comfort women publicized their experiences of the abuse by the Japanese army. However, the Japanese army is in denial of their brutality, and many victims have deceased. Therefore, it remains as a crucial task of our generation to convert the history of comfort women into collective memory. Taiwan is suffering from a similar history of their comfort women, and the development of the Taiwanese literary narrative of the victims may inspire the Korean society. This paper explores four Taiwanese literature on comfort women- Chen Qian Wu’s ｢輸送船｣ and ｢獵女犯｣, Lee Yung Ping’s ｢望鄉｣, and Chang Ying Min’s 櫻- and illustrates the meaning of the evolution of the narratives regarding the Taiwanese society’s ideology. These novels depict the trauma of comfort women as the result of a combination of numerous oppressions including imperialism, patriarchy, and social classification. Furthermore, these novels describe the trauma of comfort women from multiple angles and in detail.

「Seqalu: Formosa 1867」, a movie based on Yaochang Chen (陳耀昌)’s historic novel 「Lady the Butterfly」, aired on Taiwan’s public broadcaster in August of 2021 and obtained the highest viewership. Furthermore, Yaochang Chen’s novel series 福爾摩沙三族記, 獅頭花, 苦楝花, and 島之曦 were reprinted, which all became best sellers, creating a big wave of of rediscovering Taiwanese history among Taiwanese. Although this series of events started from a fictional novel, it focused on exploring histry and reconfirmed the tension between literature and reality. The novel 「Lady the Butterfly」 is based on a real event, the Rover incident, where an American merchant ship wrecked off the coast of Formosa in 1867 and left 14 sailors attacked by Taiwanese Aborigiens. The novel won the gold medal at 2016 Taiwanese Literature Awards and has been an object of interpretation in the academia. The author, Chen, emphasized that he writes with an objective to recreate the true history of Taiwan and that his works are not ‘historic novels’, but rather ‘novelized history’. He presents a pluralistic view and emphasizes the convergence of Taiwanese people. Critics of his work also talk about the truthfulness of history, not aesthetics of his work. This paper illustrates what kinds of narrative strategy Yaochang Chen uses to confer his pluralistic view and what kinds of questions he throws at literary and historic narratives through his original way of novel creation.

2017, Red Candle Games released a game called ‘Detention’ in the global gaming platform, ranking number three in sales in just one month. In the game lies a fictional story about members of a school book club who were framed in the 60's under the Martial Law. It based on the historical event called the White Terror throughout the 50’s to the 80’s. White Terror had been a taboo in Taiwan for years, making the investigation of the event, damage, and accountability for a prolonged period of time. Since the termination of the Martial Law in 1987, the restoration of the forbidden history was commenced. Especially since 2016, Transitional Justice has become the core government policy, allowing the creation and execution of many policies in multiple aspects, such as fact-finding, restoration of records, rewriting history, compensation, and redemption of honor. Moreover, since the termination of the Martial Law, literature and personal biography based on the White Terror were created in the private sector. Nevertheless, it did not attract the attention of the general public. However, the release of ‘Detention’ has brought signs of change. ‘Detention’ grabbed the attention of teenagers who were distant with the history that happened 70 years ago. From the beginning of the release of the game, it has stirred up the internet and social media. In 2019, the game was made into a movie ‘Detention’. In addition, in December of 2020, ‘Detention’ made into a eight-series show. This is expected to create a collective memory of the White Terror in Taiwan. This study aims to find out how the White Terror in Taiwan is shown in various forms of narratives, using related concepts such as Assmann’s ‘Collective Memory’ and ‘Traumatic History’. Also, this study analyzes the new form of White Terror narrative of ‘Detention’ series.

This paper studies the novels of two Indigenous Taiwanese writers; 《绝岛之咒》 wrtieen by Nakao Eki Pacidal, together with 〈失乐园〉 and 〈Matengen〉 written by Si-nan-Matengen. The paper studies these texts from three perspectives, which are the narrative features of myths and folk tales, space and time that appears the text. The two writers broke the standards of what the authors in the Indigenous Movement Generation created for aboriginal literature. Nakao Eki Pacidal broke the stereotype of the indigenous people shown in earlier texts. She also suggested that the indigenous people should not limit themselves as regressive people. Rather, she claims that they should open themselves up towards the globalized world and the diversified environment, and shape their own future through fusion of the aboriginal culture and the present. The sense of time shown in the texts of Si-nan-Matengen has future-oriented characteristics. She presents multidirectional problems that commercialization and protection policies of the aboriginal culture may bring. She suggests that we should have a broader view, going beyond the binary opposition between the indigenous people vs Han ethnics, and tradition vs modernity. By doing so, she suggests that the indigenous people and han ethnics coexist through cooperation.

본 연구는 주요 냉장식품(두부, 묵, 어육가공품(어묵), 생면, 김초밥, 샐러드)의 온도 관리실태를 조사하여 문제점을 파악하고 국내 유통업소의 냉장·냉동진열 판매 제품의 관리온도 개선 및 관리방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 주요 냉장고 내 위치별 온도는 보편적으로 아래(7.5 ℃)가 높고 윗부분(6.4 ℃)이 낮았으며, 앞쪽(8.9 ℃)이 높고 뒤쪽(7.5 ℃)이 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 모든 냉장식품의 평균 냉장고 보관 온도는 7 ℃(최대 22.9 ℃, 최저 -2 ℃)였으며, 대형할인매장이 6.5 ℃, 백화점이 7.5 ℃, 편의점이 7.6 ℃ 였다. 모든 냉장식품의 평균 표면온도는 8.2 ℃(최대 19 ℃, 최저 -0.4 ℃)였으며, 대형할인매장이 8.1 ℃, 백화점이 8.5 ℃, 편의점이 7.6 ℃으로 조사되었다. 식품표면과 중심온도는 식품별 차이가 있으며 최대 2.3 ℃ 차이로 나타났다. 두부(표면온도 6.1~10.6 ℃, 중심온도 4~11.1 ℃), 어묵(6~12.3 ℃, 6.5~13.6 ℃), 김밥(2.3~18.2 ℃, 2~17.3 ℃), 샐러드류(4.6~12.2 ℃, 4.1~10.4 ℃), 생면류(3.4~12.6 ℃, 3.8~10.3 ℃), 묵류(7.1~19 ℃, 8.3~17.1 ℃)의 다섯 가지 식품별로 차이를 보였다. 냉장고 표시온도와 식품표면 온도 항목간의 유의적 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(P<0.01). 냉장고 표시 온도는 김밥 1곳(100%)에서 규정 온도인 10 ℃를 초과했지만, 식품표면 온도에서는 두부 9곳(17%), 어묵 6곳(11.3%), 묵 10곳(18.9%), 생면 11곳(20.8%), 김밥 13곳(24.5%), 샐러드 4곳(7.5%)이 초과한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 우리나라 냉장보관 식품 중 표면온도와 10 ℃를 초과하는 경우가 많아 냉장보관식품의 온도관리가 철저히 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.