This paper is an exploratory study on the success factors of Defence Quality Management System (DQMS) which is the certification system granted by the military for improving the quality of munitions. DQMS is established by adding military requirements to the ISO standard, thus, we especially focus on the additional requirements to figure out success key factors of DQMS certification. The 51 additional requirements of Korean Defense Specification (KDS) are empirically investigated from 67 companies that acquired DQMS certification. Firstly, we conduct an independent t-tests on 51 additional requirements of KDS 0050-900-3 to determine if there is a difference between an easily certified company and a hard-to-certify company, and obtain 8 requirements such as ‘Internal propagation of performance’, ‘Preparation of documented work instructions’, ‘Work instructions in the workplace’, ‘Documentation of equipment management’, ‘Inventory management’, ‘Packaging and identification’, ‘Guarantee of access to internal audit result for customers’, ‘Notification to the customer for improper product.’ Secondly, we carry out an factor analysis to the 51 additional requirements for classification, and figure out that 4 requirements among the 8 requirements above mentioned are grouped together in the same factor. The 4 requirements are ‘Preparation of documented work instructions’, ‘Work instructions in the workplace’, ‘Packaging and identification’, and ‘Guarantee of access to internal audit result for customers.’ The result of this paper will provide useful information to the company preparing for DQMS.

본 연구의 목적은 국내기업의 국제화 수준과 성과 간의 관계를 살펴보고 두 변수 간의 관계가 기업의 내․외부 환경요인에 의해서 어떻게 달라지는지를 설명하는 데 있다. 본 연구는 기업의 국제화 수준과 성과는 U자형의 관계를 갖는다고 주장한다. 그러나, 이와 같은 관계의 강도는 기업의 재무여유자원과 산업의 글로벌화에 따라 달라 질 수 있다. 내부 상황요인으로 고려한 재무여유자원은 기업이 재무여유자원을 많이 보유할수록 국제화 초기단계에서의 성과 하락의 효과는 약화되고, 적응단계에서의 성과 상승효과는 강화될 것이다. 외부 상황요인으로 고려 한 산업의 글로벌화 수준은 기업이 속한 산업의 글로벌화 수준이 높을수록 초기단계에서의 성과 하락의 효과는 약화되고, 적응단계에서 성과 상승의 효과는 강화될 수 있다. 2003년부터 2015년 기간의 101개 국내 제조 기업의 1101개 관측치를 분석한 결과, 기업의 국제화는 성과와 U자형의 관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, 기업의 여유재무자원이 많을수록 국제화 초기 성과에 미치는 부정적 효과는 약화되고 적응단계에서는 성과에 미치는 긍 정적 효과가 강화되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 산업의 글로벌화 수준이 높을수록 국제화 초기단계에 성과에 미치는 부정적 효과는 약화되고 적응단계의 성과에 미치는 긍정적 효과는 강화되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 국내 기업의 성공적인 국제화를 위해서는 내․외부환경에 대한 고려와 장기적 관점의 투자가 중요함을 시사한다.

본 연구의 목적은 기업의 내․외부환경 측면에서 국내기업 국제화의 선행요인을 분석하고 글로벌 경제위기 이 전과 이후에 국제화에 영향을 미치는 선행요인의 효과가 어떻게 변화하는지를 분석하는 데 있다. 외부환경 가운 데 국내시장 성장률과 국내시장 경쟁 강도를 고려하였으며, 국내시장 성장률이 높을수록 기업의 국제화 수준이 낮아지지만 국내시장 경쟁 강도가 높을수록 기업의 국제화 수준이 높아질 것이라고 주장하였다. 내부환경과 관련 하여 연구개발 집중도, 마케팅 집중도, CEO 해외경험을 고려하였으며, 연구개발 집중도와 마케팅 집중도가 높을 수록 국제화 수준이 높아질 것이라고 주장하였다. 내부환경의 요소로 CEO의 해외경험을 고려하였는데, CEO의 해외경험이 많을수록 기업의 국제화 수준이 높아질 것이라고 주장하였다. 그리고, 내부환경 변수가 국제화에 미 치는 효과는 글로벌 경제위기 이전보다 이후에 강화된다고 주장하였다. 2002년부터 2012년 기간의 101개 국내 제조 기업의 1101개 관측치를 분석한 결과, 국내시장 성장률은 기업의 국제화에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 국내시장 경쟁 강도는 기업의 국제화에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 기업의 연구개발 집중도, 마케팅 집중도, CEO 해외경험은 국제화에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 연구개발 집중도 와 국제화 간의 관계만 글로벌 경제위기 이전보다 이후에 더욱 두드러지게 나타났으며 CEO 해외경험은 소유경 영자인 경우에만 글로벌 경제위기 이전보다 이후에 국제화 수준을 강화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 국내 기업 국제화의 영향요인을 글로벌 경제위기 이전과 이후로 비교해서 살펴봄으로써 국내기업 국제화 동인의 변화 에 대해 보다 종합적인 이해를 제시하였다.

The DQMS (Defence Quality Management System) is a certification system that manages participating companies to improve the quality of munitions. Since Korean Defense Specification (KDS) for DQMS certification that was established by adding military requirements based on the ISO quality standard, many companies complain that they should pay too much effort into the preparation process. However, it is hard to find helpful information on the preparation process because we have been only interested in the effect of DQMS acquisition. The purpose of this paper is to provide helpful information to companies preparing for DQMS certification. We surveyed the degree of difficulty and importance of the DQMS requirements from the companies with certification experience, and performed IDA (Importance-Difficulty analysis) by dividing the companies into the main contractor and the subcontractor. The result of IDA shows that there is a different recognition to the DQMS certification between main-contracting and sub-contracting companies. Subcontractor has more difficulties than main contractor in preparing the DQMS certification. In addition, we are able to identify the difficult and important requirements in the preparation process to the DQMS certification. Both main contractor and subcontractor have difficulty to the requirements related to configuration or validation such as ‘customer controls configuration’, ‘configuration review shall be implemented’ and ‘design and development validation documentation.’ The requirements related to customers are important to main contractor but the subcontractor regards difficult requirements as important ones. The result of this paper would be helpful to both the company preparing for DQMS and the munitions quality assurance agency.

The purpose of this paper is to improve the service tree analysis introduced recently by Geum et al. [15]. Service tree analysis structures the service based on the customer participation perspective and provides a qualitative analysis method categorizing the service elements on the basis of its impact to top service. This paper attempts to apply the concept of reliability importance to the service tree analysis as a perspective of quantitative analysis, which is considered little in Geum et al. [15]. Reliability importance is a measure of the structural impact of the components that make up the system on the system lifetime in reliability engineering field and often used in fault tree analysis. We transform the reliability importance into service importance in accordance with service tree analysis, so that the influence of service elements on the service can be judged and compared. The service importance is defined as the amount of change of the service according to the change of the service element, therefore, it can be utilized as an index for determining a service element for service improvement. In addition, as an index for paired service elements, the relationship between the two service components can be measured by joint service importance. This paper introduces conceptual changes in the process of applying reliability importance to service analysis, and shows how to use the service importance for identifying the priority of service element for the final service and improving customer satisfaction through an example. By using the service importance and joint service importance in service tree analysis, it is possible to make efficient decision making in the process of determining the service elements for analyzing and improving the service.

The engineering knowledge and technology is core driving forces of continuous growth in knowledge based society. Companies, the government, and universities are the subjects of an innovation and the cooperation between them is very important. Nowadays, the main purpose of industry-university cooperation moves to train experts and develop a new product. A shift of the paradigm came from the change of recognition that the final consumers of the program are companies and the universities are supporters of the program. In this paper, we investigate the purpose, participation and satisfaction of companies to industry-academy technology cooperation through empirical studies. The need to expert training, product development and process development makes companies participate industry-academy technology cooperation and companies have different purpose of participation by the business type. Companies often feel that expert training, subsidiary purpose of industry-academy technology cooperation, is more important than product development or process development. This result is caused by the real world environment of small and mid-size companies, lacking of technology experts. The participation of companies to each technology cooperation program (technology transfer, joint technology development, consigned technology development, technology consulting, co-op. lab.) is also different by business type. The companies’ satisfaction with the purpose of process development is relatively higher than that with the purpose of product development and companies show also different satisfaction value by business type and participating program. The results of this study can give a contribution to the design of demand oriented industry-academy technology cooperation model.

본 연구의 목적은 최고경영자(CEO)의 경험과 기업의 국제화 간의 관계뿐 아니라 CEO의 영향력이 이 둘 사이의 관계에 미치는 조절효과에 대해서 분석하는 것이다. CEO의 경험을 해외경험과 직무경험으로 구분하여, CEO의 해외경험이 많을수록 기업의 국제화가 높아지며, 결과 지향적 직무경험자가 과정 지향적 직무경험자보다 국제화 수준을 높인다고 주장하였다. 또한, CEO의 영향력이 강할수록 CEO경험과 국제화 간의 관계가 강화된다고 주장하였다. 2002년부터 2006년까지 KOSPI 200에 속한 85개 제조 기업을 분석한 결과, CEO의 해외경험과 직무경험이 기업의 국제화에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, CEO의 영향력이 클수록 이러한 관계가 더욱 두드러지게 나타났다. 본 연구는 국내연구에서 간과되었던 CEO 경험과 영향력이 기업의 국제화 수준에 주요한 영향을 미친다는 점을 실증적으로 보여주었다.

In aerospace industry, MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure) and MFTBF (Mean Flight Time Between Failure) are generally used for reliability analysis. So far, especially to Korean military aircraft, MFTBF of avionic equipments is predicted by MIL-HDBK-217 and MIL-HDBK-338, however, the predicted MFTBF by military standard has a wide discrepancy to that of real-world operation, which leads to overstock and increase operation cost. This study analyzes operational data of avionic equipments. Operational MFTBF, which is calculated from operational data, is compared with predicted MFTBF calculated conventionally by military standard. In addition, failure rate trend is investigated to verify reliability growth in operational data, the investigation shows that failure rate curve from operational data has somewhat pattern with decreased failure rate and constant failure rate.

In aerospace industry, MTBF(Mean Time Between Failure) and MFTBF((Mean Flight Time Between Failure) are generally used for reliability analysis. So far, especially to Korean military aircraft, MFTBF of avionic equipments is predicted by MIL-HDBK-217 and MIL-HDBK-338, however, the predicted MFTBF by military standard has a wide discrepancy to that of real-world operation, which leads to overstock and increase operation cost. This study analyzes operational data of avionic equipments. Operational MFTBF, which is calculated from operational data, is compared with predicted MFTBF calculated conventionally by military standard. In addition, failure rate trend is investigated to verify reliability growth in operational data, the investigation shows that failure rate curve from operational data has somewhat pattern with decreased failure rate and constant failure rate.

This paper is a case study of reliability assessment with field warranty data of Clutch Master Cylinder (CMC) in hydraulic clutch system. We estimate lifetime distribution using field warranty data which contain much useful information for understanding reliability of the system in the real-world environments. However, the estimated parameters are far from existing reference values, which seems to be caused right censored field warranty data. To modify the parameters, we use the information of the durability test which is performed to verify that the lifetime of the item meets the required level. After that, we can observe that the modified parameters are closer to the existing reference values. This case study shows a possible idea to supplement lack of right censored field warranty data and its applicability.

This paper is a case study of reliability assessment with field warranty data of Clutch Master Cylinder(CMC) in hydraulic clutch system. We estimate lifetime distribution using field warranty data which contain much useful information for understanding reliability of the system in the real-world environments. However, the estimated parameters are far from existing reference values, which seems to be caused right censored field warranty data. To modify the parameters, we use the information of the durability test which is performed to verify that the lifetime of the item meets the required level. After that, we can observe that the modified parameters are closer to the existing reference values. This case study shows a possible idea to supplement lack of right censored field warranty data and its applicability

대기부품은 대기기간 중에 우발적 고장이 발생할 수 있으며(type I failure), 해당상황이 장기간 방치되는 것을 방지하기 위해 주기적인 검사를 하는 것이 일반적이다. 그러나 검사가 대기기간 중 발생한 고장을 확인할 수 있게 하는 반면, 검사를 시작할 때 대기하던 부품에 부하를 가하는 과정에서 고장을 유발할 가능성이 존재하며(type Ⅱ failure), 검사시간동안 대기부품을 작동시킴으로써 열화에 의한 고장발생(type Ⅲ failure)의 가능

This paper derives the limiting availability of the standby unit by considering three types of failures. Assuming the standby unit can fail during the standby period (type Ⅰ failure), the periodic test is employed to check the unit condition. Although the periodic test is capable of detecting failures during the standby period, it can cause test-induced failures for the standby unit at the start of the test (type Ⅱ failure). Also the aging process of the standby unit during the test period needs to be taken into account (type Ⅲ failure), which is not treated in the existing studies. To identify relationships between the optimal periodic test interval an various failure characteristics of the standby unit. several experiment are performed assuming Weibull distribution as an operating time distribution of the standby unit. The result of this paper can be applied to determine an appropriate test interval for the standby unit in priority redundant system to enure higher reliability characteristics.

The properties of pyrolytic carbon (PyC) deposited from C2H2 and a mixture of C2H2/C3H6 on ZrO2 particles in a fluidized bed reactor were studied by adjusting the deposition temperature, reactant concentration, and the total gas flow rate. The effect of the deposition parameters on the properties of PyC was investigated by analyzing the microstructure and density change. The density could be varied from 1.0 g/cm3 to 2.2 g/cm3 by controlling the deposition parameters. The density decreased and the deposition rate increased as the deposition temperature and reactant concentration increased. The PyC density was largely dependent on the deposition rate irrespective of the type of the reactant gas used.

본 연구에서는 IMF 외환위기 전후 상황에서 한국기업들의 국내시장지배력 및 조직역량이 수출전략에 미치는 효과에 대해서 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과, 외환위기로 인해 상대적으로 더 큰 폐해를 입은 기업들이 수출전략을 더 획기적으로 변화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 모든 종류의 조직역량이 한국기업들로 하여금 수출전략을 추구하도록 기여한 것은 아니었다. 국내에서만 효력을 발생시키는 조직역량을 보유한 기업들은 환경변화에 유연하게 대응하지 못하였지만, 그 효력이 국내에만 국한되지 않은 조직역량을 보유한 기업들은 수출비중을 높임으로써 환경변화에 유연하게 대응할 수 있었다. 따라서, 본 연구는 기업의 시장지배력과 조직역량이 급격한 환경변화 이후 수출전략을 설명하는 데 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 보여줌으로써 종전의 산업조직론과 자원기반이론의 설명을 보완하였다.

Customer needs in food service industry is not only demanding high quality product(food), but also high quality service. Therefore, how to provide high quality service based on customers expectation, and how to design the service systems by food service industry or restaurants are important task. This study is service quality of Korean restaurant customers, it aims analyzes factors influences service quality of food service industry based on the perception of pork-belly specialty restaurants customers. It is expected that there is significant difference according to gender concerning level of satisfaction in service quality of food service industry as a result of analyzing the level of satisfaction for frequency of eating out relatively to the purpose of eating out, and researching the level of satisfaction for service quality of food service industry after visiting the restaurant. Based on such results, solutions that can cope with social, cultural and economical environment of food service industry are suggested. Selection of food service business, samples, and purpose of eating out, which are limits of this study, needs to be studied continuously in the future after diversifying and segmentation.