This study was conducted to certify the effect of aqueous extracts from fifty medicinal plants on the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in vitro. Each aqueous extract was prepared by combining one-part medicinal plants with twenty-parts distilled water at 80°C for 8 h. Among the fifty medicinal plants, Allium sativum L. and Cinnamomum cassia Presl were regarded as an effective anti-hangover substance. Allium sativum L. extract increased ALDH activity more than 2 times compared with ADH activity, enhancing the acetaldehyde degradation. Cinnamomum cassia Presl extract dramatically inhibited ADH activity compared with ALDH activity, thus potently decreasing the acetaldehyde formation. ADH and ALDH activities were proportionally inhibited according to the increased concentration of Cinnamomum cassia Presl extract. The aqueous extract of Cinnamomum cassia Presl at a concentration of 45.33 μg/mL inhibited ADH activity by 52.8% and ALDH activity by 11.0%.

The effect of roasting intensity and extraction time of coffee bean on the antioxidant activity of roasted ground coffee extract was investigated. Coffee was roasted at 185oC using a rotating fluidized bed roaster for 5.17 (medium roasting) and 6.00 (dark roasting) min, respectively. Both roasted coffees were extracted in 90oC hot water according to the increased extraction time. Until 20 min, an increase in extraction time significantly increased soluble solute, caffeine, brown color, and phenolic compound. The soluble solid and caffeine contents showed no significant difference among medium- and dark-roasted coffee extracts. The brown color intensity and free radical scavenging activity of dark-roasted coffee extract were higher than those of medium-roasted coffee. On the contrary, the total phenolic content of dark-roasted coffee extract was lower than that of medium-roasted coffee. The free radical scavenging activity of coffee extracts showed a positive correlation with brown color intensity, as well as total phenolic content.

To investigate the antioxidative potential of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) leaves, alcoholic extracts with different ethanol concentration were prepared. The extract obtained by using 70% ethanol possessed the highest total phenolic content. The extraction yield and total phenolic content of the ethanolic extract were 15.46% and 105.0 μg chlorogenic acid equivalent (CAE)/mg, respectively. Therefore, the antioxidant activities of the extract were evaluated as 2,2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power and nitrite scavenging ability. EC 50 value for radical scavenging and nitrite scavenging activities, which is the effective concentration at which 50% of DPPH radicals and nitrites are scavenged, were 34.72 μg/mL and 52.99 μg/mL, respectively. EC 50 value for reducing power, which is the effective concentration at which the absorbance is 0.5, is 44.39 μg/mL. All antioxidant activities increased as extract concentration increased. These results imply that the ethanolic extract of ramie leaves has the potential to be utilized as an effective antioxidant source.

수분함량이 높아 상온에서 쉽게 변질되는 죽순은 유익한 효능 때문에 다양한 조리방법으로 소비되고 있으나 식품산업에서 가공식품으로의 활용은 대단히 미흡하다. 본 연구는 맹종죽순의 활용도를 높이기 위하여 죽순 장아찌를 검토하였다. 장아찌 제조를 위한 죽순의 전처리 조건과 고추장과 간장을 절임원으로 사용한 장아찌의 숙성과정 중 품질 특성의 변화를 조사하였으며, 이를 토대로 죽순 장아찌의 전체적인 제조공정을 제안하였다. 죽순의 전처리는 죽순을 100oC 열수로 30분간 처리하여 연화시킨 후 10% NaCl 용액에 1시간 침지시켜 아린 맛 성분을 제거하고 50oC로 8시간 건조시키는 것이 장아찌 제조에 적합하였다. 전처리 된 죽순을 간장과 고추장을 이용하여 장아찌를 제조한 후 25oC에서 숙성시키며 이화학적 특성과 관능특성의 변화를 조사하였다. 숙성과정에서 간장장아찌외 고추장장아찌의 pH는 큰 변화 없이 pH 4.0~5.5 범위에서 유지되었으며, 고추장장아찌는 염도가 다소 증가하였다. 두 장아찌의 색은 숙성되면서 명도와 황색도가 낮아졌으며 고추장장아찌는 적색도가 증가하였다. 두 장아찌의 관능적인 특성 중 색, 맛, 아삭한 조직감, 전체적인 기호도은 숙성기간에 비례하여 향상되었으며, 관능적으로 숙성기간은 6일이 적합하였다.

본 시험은 우리나라에서 발생하는 푸른곰팡이병균의 종의 빈도와 발병환경 및 방제법을 구명코져 실시하였다. 시험결과 Trichoderma koningi, T. lignorum, T. glaucum과 미동정의 1종등 4종의 병원균이 분리되었고 이들의 빈도는 각각 와 이었다. 푸른곰팡이병균은 감자배양액, 왁스만배양액과 리차드배양액에서 생육이 잘 되었으며 중성-염기성배지에서는 생육이 불량한 반면 산성에서 생육이 왕성하였으며 최적산도는 pH4였다. 양송이 수확기간 중 재배사내의 온도는 내외 일 때 본명의 발생이 적었고 수량이 많으며 이상에서는 본병의 발생이 격심하였다. 푸른곰팡이병균은 복토흙 소독시 에서 60분, 혹은 에서 30분간 열처리하므로서 완전히 사멸하였고 퇴비 후발효 과정에서도 사멸되었다.