Considering the various health problems associated with obesity in dogs, including renal diseases, joint disorders, and skin diseases, effective management strategies and guidelines are urgently needed. This situation has led to a growing demand for veterinary medications aimed at addressing obesity in dogs. However, the field faces a significant hurdle due to the absence of standardized guidelines for assessing the effectiveness of these anti-obesity medications in dogs. In response to this gap, the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA) in Korea has made a crucial step by introducing clinical trial guidelines to evaluate the efficacy of treatments for canine obesity, specifically aimed at approving veterinary medicinal products. The guidelines outlined the selection criteria for target dogs, highlighting the importance of consistency within the control and treated groups. Treatment efficacy is subsequently evaluated by physical examination, body fat reduction, and biochemical indicators. In addition, the guidelines cover dosage and administration, monitoring after dosing, and statistical analysis. By doing so, this guideline not only highlights the significance of the APQA’s initiative in improving the care of obese dogs but also provides practical insights to enhance the standardization and effectiveness of clinical trials in veterinary medicine.

딱정벌레목 침봉바구미과 별창주둥이바구미아과의 미기록속인 Psudorobitis Redtenbacher속에 속하는 한종 Psudorobitis gibbus Redtenbacher, 1868 (배롱별창주둥이바구미, 신칭)을 남한에서 처음으로 보고한다. 성충의 형태적 특징과 형태 사진을 수록하였다.

This study evaluated the immunogenicity of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine in a guinea pig model to refine preclinical assessment methods. 24 guinea pigs were divided into four groups for immunohistochemical, histopathological, and molecular analyses, including qRT-PCR and ELISA. The ELISA results revealed significant elevations in interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon-gamma (IFN- ), and tuberculosis-specific antibodies in vaccinated guinea pigs, particularly γ notable after 6 weeks. Although lung cytokine levels remained unchanged, spleen gene expression showed significant differences in interleukin-17, interleukin-12, interleukin-1β, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 after 6 weeks. Immunohistochemistry revealed peak IL-2 expression at 8 weeks and significant IFN-γ and TNF-α expression at 6 weeks. This study confirmed the effectiveness of BCG vaccine in guinea pigs, providing crucial insights for future tuberculosis vaccine development and standardizing immune response indicators.

이 연구의 목적은 척추 자기공명영상 검사 시, 검사시간을 단축할 수 있는 기법인 SENSE와 CS-SENSE를 경추, 흉추, 요추 검사 시 어떤 기법을 적용하는 것이 효과적인지 알아보기 위함이다. 본 연구는 2022년 10월부터 2023년 3월까지 척추질환 및 의심 환자 102명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 사용된 장비는 필립스 사의 3.0T Ingenia Elition X와 20채널 두경부 코일과 44 채널 척추 코일을 사용하였다. 본 연구는 축상 T2강조 고속스핀에코를 SENSE와 CS-SENSE factor 1.5, 2, 3으로 각각 영상을 획득하고, 정량평가는 신호대잡음비와 대조대잡음비를 각 factor 별로 대응 표본 t-test를 진행하였고, 정성평가는 2명의 평가자의 평가점수를 Kruskal-wallis test로 비교하였다. 정량평가 결과, SENSE보다 CS-SENSE가 신호대잡음비와 대조대잡음비가 높게 나왔다. 정성평가 결과, 경추, 요 추는 CS-SENSE 사용 시 평가점수가 높게 나왔고, 흉추는 SENSE 사용 시 평가점수가 높게 나왔다. 결론적으로 척추 MRI 검사 시, 경추, 요추는 CS-SENSE를, 흉추는 SENSE를 사용하는 것이 효과적이다.

After the permanent shut down of Kori Unit 1, various decommissioning activities will be implemented, including decontamination, segmentation, waste management, and site restoration. During the decommissioning period, waste management is among the most important activities to ensure that the process proceeds smoothly and within the expected timeframe. Furthermore, the radioactive waste generated during the operation should be sent to a disposal facility to complete the decommissioning project. Square and cylindrical concrete re-package drums were generated during the 1980s and 1990s. The square, containing boron concentrates, and cylindrical, containing spent resin, concrete re-package drums have been stored in a radioactive waste storage building. Homogeneous radioactive waste, including boron concentrates, spent resin, and sludge, should be solidified or packaged in high-integrity containers (HICs). This study investigates the sequential segmentation process for the separation of contaminated and non-contaminated regions, the re-packaging process of segmented or crushed cement-solidified boron concentrate, and re-packaging in HICs. The conceptual design evaluates the re-packaging plan for the segmented and crushed cement-solidified waste using HICs, which is acceptable in a disposal facility, and the quantity of generated HICs from the treatment process.

최소 사후 경과 시간(PMImin) 측정에 필수적으로 이용되는 것 중 하나가 시식성 곤충의 발육 속도를 정확히 측정한 데이터이다. 법의곤충학(Medicolegal entomology)을 이용한 최소 사후 경과 시간 측정 방법은 과거에 비해 빠르게 발전하고 있지만, 보다 정확한 데이터를 얻기 위해서는 추가적인 기초 데이터 확보가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 가장 대표적인 시식성 곤충 중 하나인 연두금파리(Lucilia illustris)를 대상으로 온도에 따른 성장 속도를 측정하였다. 흔히 blow fly 또는 green bottle fly라고도 불리는 연두금파리는 사체에 가장 먼저 나타나는 시식성 파리 중 하나이기 때문에, 해당 종의 유충 성장 속도를 측정하면 최소 사후 경과 시간을 비교적 정확하게 추정하는 것이 가능하다. 실험에 사용된 연두금파리는 5~9월경 대전 유성구 일대에서 성충을 채집하여 종 동정, 사육 및 증식, 예비 실험을 거친 후 본 실험을 진행하였다. 본 실험은 성충 사육 케이지 내에서 교미 및 산란 유도 후 산란된 알을 돼지 생간에 접종하여 유충 사육 전용 챔버에 넣고, 12시간 간격으로 6개체 샘플링하고 추가로 각 령기 변화 시점에 샘플링을 진행하였다. 샘플링된 유충은 길이 측정 및 이미지 촬영을 진행하였다. 16℃, 19°C, 22°C, 25°C, 28°C, 31°C, 34°C 7개 온도 조건에서 연두금파리의 성장 속도 측정 실험을 3회 반복하였으며, 산란으로 부터 부화 및 우화까지 시간 등을 포함한 전체 성장 시간 데이터와 유충 몸길이 데이터, 이미지 자료, 샘플링한 유충 액침표본 등을 확보하였다. 16℃, 19°C, 22°C, 25°C, 28°C, 31°C에서 연두금파리의 전체 성장 시간은 각각 792.7±70.2, 441.0±53.3, 366.7±15.1, 288.0±7.2, 255.7±4.0, 260.3±13.2로 측정되었으며, 34°C에서는 3령 이후 성장 하지 못하고 폐사함을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 연두금파리의 성장 과정 데이터와 최소 사후 경과 시간 추정을 위한 지표로서 활용 가능한 데이터를 제공한다.

Valgus Kolbe, 1909 is a small genus of Cetoniinae, with 20 described species worldwide. In Korea, only one species, Valgus koreanus Sawada, have been recorded. Species of this genus have been known that they are commonly associated with termite colonies. They feed on the wall of termite burrows in logs or standing dead trees. In this study, we report a new species of this genus, Valgus gwangneungensis sp. nov.. We provide a key to the species of Valgus, description of the new species and photographs of habitus and male aedeagus.

This study focuses on developing diagnostic compositions, kits, and information provision methods for identifying species-specific genes in domestically residing Reticulitermes speratus and Reticulitermes kanmonensis, as well as the recently introduced Cryptotermes domesticus. The core innovation of this invention lies in the utilization of species-specific genetic markers to facilitate rapid and accurate species identification using a PCR (polymerase chain reaction)-based diagnostic technique. This approach enables swift identification of termites at quarantine stages, contributing to efficient management of imported goods and minimizing ecological and economic damages caused by termites. Through genome analysis of termites, this research has identified candidate species-specific genetic markers, developed diagnostic compositions and kits based on these markers, and proposed a rapid diagnostic method capable of determining termite species within a day, optimally within three hours. This invention provides a groundbreaking tool for termite management and research, significantly contributing to pest control and biodiversity conservation efforts.

Division of the risk management, APQA(Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency) is conducting the IRA(Import Risk Assessment) to prevent the introduction of pests when importing foreign agricultural products. In the 2023 IRA, 55 cases of 19 items from 23 countries was analyzed, and fresh avocado(variety: HASS) from the Philippines was concluded in September 2023 and can be imported in accordance with appropriate phytosanitary measures. The main issue in the IRA of fresh avocado fruits from the Philippines was whether HASS variety avocados were host plants of Bactrocera dorsalis. As a result of the risk analysis, B. dorsalis were included in the pest list that needs to be managed by special risk management. As a risk management for B. dorsalis, one trap using methyl-eugenol is installed per 20 ha once a week. After surveying, if the population is more than 2/trap/day, control measures such as adding traps and spraying pesticides are necessary. As equivalence, regionalization, and transparency have been strengthened with the recent entry into force of the mega FTA, a higher level of scientific basis is required. Accordingly, division of the risk management, APQA is working harder to improve its expertise, and we need your cooperation and attention of the IRAs.

Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell), Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley and Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti) are widely-distributed pests that feeds on many economically important hosts, particularly tropical fruits and ornamentals. The potential distribution of these mealybug pests into South Korea remains a primary concern because of their high incidence in interceptions screened during inspection. Hence, these species prompted a modelling effort to assess their potential risk of introduction. Potential risk maps were developed for these pests with the CLIMEX model based on occurrence records under environmental data. The potential distribution of these pests in South Korea in the 2020s, 2050s and 2090s was projected based on the RCP 8.5 climate change scenario. Results show that D. brevipes, D. neobrevipes and P. longispinus have little potential for invasion in the exterior environment of South Korea due to high cold stress in the 2020s. However, for D. brevipes and P. longispinus, 3 and 86 locations in Jejudo, were predicted to be marginally suitable for this pest under future climate factors, respectively. In that respect, the results of these model predictions could be used to prepare a risk-based surveying program that improves the probability of detecting early D. brevipe, D. neobrevipes and P. longispinus populations.

Subgenus Bothynoptera Schaum, 1863 of the genus Parena is mainly found in Oriental region. Despite this widespread distribution, species of the subgenus Bothynoptera are poorly known in Korea. While a total of 14 species have been recorded worldwide, only 3 species have been recorded in Korea. In this study, as a revisional work of Korean known species, a pictorial key and photographs of habitus and male genitalia for each species are provided, with a newly recorded species in Korea.