‘천상’은 대립 다수성 콩 신품종육성을 목표로, ‘수원190호’를 모본으로 ‘황금콩’을 부본으로 1998년에 인공교배하여, 1999-2000년도에 F1, F2 세대를 양성하고, F3부터 계통 전개하여 선발한 SS98206-41-1-3-1-1 계통으로 계통명은 ‘밀양176호’이다. 주요 특성은 유한신육형으로 화색은 백색이고, 엽형은 피침형이며, 모용색은 회색이다. 종자모양은 구형이고, 종피색과 제색은 황색이다. 개화기는 7월 26일로 ‘태광콩’보다 빠르고 성숙기는 3일 늦어 등숙기간이 7일이 더 길다. 경장은 76 cm로서 ‘태광콩’과 비슷하고 도복에 강하며, 100립중은 24.8 g으로 ‘태광콩’에 비하여 2.0 g 정도 무거운 대립이다. 불마름병에 저항성이며 콩모자이크바이러스와 내한발성은 강하였으나, 내습성과 뿌리썩음병에는 약하였으며, 탈립이 되지 않았다. 조단백질 및 조지방 함량은 ‘태광콩’보다 높았으며, 불포화지방산 비율은 ‘태광콩’과 비슷하였고 함황아미노산과 총 아미노산의 함량이 높았다. 두부수율은 낮으나 두부의 물성이 높았으며, 메주 가공적성은 ‘태광콩’과 비슷하였다. 수량성은 생산력검정시험 결과, 10% 증수되었으며, 지역적응시험에서는, 전국 10개소 평균 ha당 2.34톤으로서 대비품종인 ‘태광콩’ 대비 100%이었다.

One objective of soybean breeders is to develop cultivars with elevated oleic acid content. Testing soybean seeds for oleic acid content is possible using gas chromatography (GC), however it is time-consuming and requires destructing the seeds. Using single seeds, we developed a near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIR) calibration equation relating oleic acid measured with GC to oleic acid predicted by NIR. The slope of the regression line of oleic acid measured with GC on oleic acid predicted by NIR and the intercept was not different from zero. A set of 300 soybean seeds was used to calculate the NIR equation and an independent set of 100 soybean seeds was used for validation. This NIRS equation showed significant correlation between reference values and NIRS estimated values based on the SEP, r2, and the RSP of reference data to SEP. This research shows that NIR prediction of oleic acid using intact soybean seeds is accurate and rapid and should be especially useful for early generation screening.

It has been reported that bacterial diseases of domestic soybean are bacterial pustule, wildfire, bacterial blight and bacterial brown spot. Among these bacterial diseases, bacterial blight infected by Gram-negative Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines had been the most issue in soybean diseases. In recently, issue in soybean disease was shifted to wildfire by Gram-negative Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. When infected in nature, symptom of wildfire generally surrounded infected-area of bacterial blight and formed pustule in infective center. Because optimum growth temperature of Wildfire is lower than these of bacterial pustule, Wildfire caused damage to crop yield in later growth stage. In this study, we checked symptoms of bacterial diseases with growth stages of soybean. Also, we surveyed disease severity of single infection, simultaneous infection and sequential infection of bacterial pustule and wildfire.

A new whole crop silage barley cultivar, “oungyang” was developed from the cross between “unong and Milyang55 at the Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute (YARI) in 2002. An elite line, YB3882-3B-17-1-3-1, was selected in 1999 and designated as “ilyang111” It showed good agronomic performance in the regional adaptation yield trials (RYT) from 2000 to 2002 and was released by the name of “oungyang”with higher yield and better animal feed quality than that of Olbori. The average heading and maturing dates of Youngyang were May 2 and June 6, which were late by 2 & 1 days than those of Olbori, respectively, in Suwon. Youngyang had longer culm length, 83cm but it had lesser spikes per m2 637 than that of Olbori, respectively, in RYT from 2000 to 2002. The rate of leaf sheath/whole length (culm+leaf) and the rate of the grains/ whole crop weight was similar to Olbori. It showed resistance to BaYMV at the regions of Naju, Jinju, Milyang andt Iksan. however, the response of Youngyang to other environmental stresses (tolerance of cold and wet) was similar to Olbori. The dried whole crop yield potential of Youngyang in the RYT was about 11.67 MT/ha in paddy fields which was about 18% higher than that of Olbori. The grain yield potential was 6.32 MT/ha in paddy fields which was about 5% higher than that of Olbori. Youngyang had lower rate of shattering, higher content of protein and NDF, lower ADF and TDN, and better quality of silage than those of Olbori.

　A new sprout-soybean cultivar, “oseo”was developed at the Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI) in 2007. Hoseo was selected from a cross between Camp and Nattosan. The preliminary, advanced, and regional yield trials to evaluate the performance of Iksan 57 were carried out from 2003 to 2007. This cultivar has a determinate growth habit with purple flower, grayish brown pubescence, yellow seed coat, grayish brown hilum, rhomboid leaflet shape and small seed size (7.4 g/100 seeds). The maturity date of “oseo”is 12 days earlier than the check variety, “ungsan” It has good seed quality for soybean-sprout and resistance to lodging. This cultivar has resistance to soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and necrotic symptom (SMV-N). The average yield of “oseo”was 2.51 ton per hectare in the regional yield trials (RYT) for double cropping carried out for three years from 2005 to 2007.

A new covered barley variety, “eungangbori”was developed from the cross between Milyang 55 which have lodging tolerance and easy brittleness and Suweon 260 with good quality by barley breeding team in the Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute (YARI) in 2002. A promising line, YMB3855-3B-14-1-1-1, was selected in 1999. It was designated as the name of Milyang 110. It was prominent and had good result from regional adaptation yield trials (RAT) for three years from 2000 to 2002 and released as the name of “eungangbori” Geungangbori is resistant to barley yellow mosaic virus and moderately resistant to powdery mildow. The average maturing date was same with Olbori on paddy field in regional adaptation yield trials for 2000-2002. Its culm length is 17 cm shorter than that of Olbori and the spike length is 4.4cm, it’ longer than olbori. The 1,000 grain weight of Geungangbori was 34 g, same as Olbori, but the number of spikes per m2 and test weight ware lower than those of Olbori. The yield potential of Geungangbori was 4.22 MT/ha on paddy in regional adaptation yield trials for 2000-2002. which was 7% higher than that of Olbori. The cooking quality of Geungangbori were similar to Olbori such as water absorption rate and expansion rate. But the crude protein content is lower than Olbori. This variety is suitable for double cropping system with rice in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula.

　A new kidney bean cultivar, “wanghyeob 2”was developed for edible pod kidney bean adaptable to Korean cultivation at the National Institute of Crop Science in 2005. “wanghyeob 2”was selected from a cross between KLG50073 and KLG50072. It has determinate growth habit, white flower, yellow pod color, oval shape of crossed section of pod at the harvesting time for edible pod. It has white seed coat and middle seed size (20.4 grams per 100 seeds). The average yield of edible pod of “wanghyeob 2”was 22.43 M/T per hectare in the yield trials which was carried out at the green house in spring and autumn in 2005. This yield level was 11 percent higher than that of the check cultivar “angnangkong 1”

A new kidney bean cultivar, “wanghyeob 1”was developed at the National Institute of Crop Science in 2005. “wanghyeob 1”was selected from a cross between KLG50064 and KLG50073. It has determinate growth habit, white flower, yellow pod color, oval shape of crossed section of pod at the harvesting time for edible pod, white seed coat and middle seed size (21.7 grams per 100 seeds). The average yield of edible pod of “wanghyeob 1”was 23.55 M/T per hectare in the yield trials which was carried out at the green house in spring and autumn in 2005. This yield level was 4 percent higher than that of the check cultivar “angnangkong 1”

This study was carried out to investigate the variation of triterpene soyasapogenol A and B in soybean cultivars. Soyasapogenol A and B were isolated from acid hydrolysis of 80% aqueous ethanol extract of soybean and the structures of these soyasapogenols were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR analysis. And the distribution of soyasapogenol A and B were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with variable wavelength detector (VWD). The soyasapogenol A and B contents of soybean cultivars ranged form 49.9 ㎍/g (Geomjeongsaeol) to 701.5㎍/g (Sorog) and from 91.4㎍/g (Danmi) to 2,315.9 ㎍/g (Daewonkong), respectively. Sorog cultivar showed the highest total soyasapogenol contents (2,773.8 ㎍/g), whereas Geomjeongkong 3 cultivar displayed the lowest (83.5㎍/g). The average content ratio of soyasapogenol B (1,061.4㎍/g) was significantly higher than that of soyasapogenol A (292.5 ㎍/g).

This experiment was carried out to clear optimum planting time for yield enlargement by comparing yield with dry matter at Miryang from 2005 to 2006. Variety used were Daewon, Daepung, Daol and Cheongja 3. Seeding was performed on April 30 to June 30 with 20day intervals and planting density was 142,857 palnts/ha (70×20㎝, 2plants per hill) with black vinyl mulching. In R2～R4 stages, crop growth rate(CGR) was largest on June 10 seeding. Although net assimilation rate(NAR) increased as seeding date was delayed, NAR on June 10 seeding was the highest throughout the growth period. Positive relationships were observed between NAR from R2 to R4 the ratio of pod to total dry matter weight. The LAI and total dry matter weight at the R4 stage was higher at earlier seeding date. In the case when seeding date was delayed, the ratio of leaf(source) and pod(sink) increased. From the comparison of all factors such as dry weight, optimum LAI, and of source to sink, the optimum planting date for high seed production was June 10. The highest yield was recorded with on June 10 seeding. Also, this seeding date showed high ratio of seed yield to dry matter in R2 stage. Difference between surveyed pod no. and theological pod no. which was calculated by dry matter ratio compared with standard seeding date(June 10) at R2 stage was the smallest in June 10 seeding.

Low temperature is one of the most severe abiotic stress factors limiting growth, productivity and distribution of winter cereals. Reliable field screening method, which can detect small differences in winter survival, is important for the effective selection and development of plants to identity superior cold tolerant winter cereal genotypes. This study was undertaken to provide improved screening method of winter hardiness in the field by increasing the accuracy in evaluating winter hardiness of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We introduced furrow in field screening of winter survival. By sowing the plants at the ridge and base, we could minimize the effect of topographic variation in a field by giving higher and lower level of stress at the same time. This method could be used by breeders to conduct accurate evaluation of winter hardiness by selecting the better treatment, which shows close to normal distribution, among the winter survival rate from the ridge, base and mean survival rate of the two in a screening field.