Building a dam that is not considering the environmental impact and human social impact can cause the loss of entire ecospheres such as fragmentary green network, disturbance of plants ecosystem, the destruction of social and cultural indigenous resources, therefore, it can occur the environment change and distortion of ecosystem. The purpose of this study is that presenting the methods of ecosystem maintenance and ecosystem damage compensation about for environmentally direct impact i.e. the ecosystem change in the intended place for building a dam. According to the planning progress, the study was proceeded to planning site examine, assessment, conception plan. As the results of examine and assessment, it must be necessary to offered the maintenance and damage compensation if the site where include the 1st degree of biotope area, the 2nd degree of biotope and the 8th degree of green naturality area were damaged by being submerged and constructing road. In addition, according to the conception plan, we suggest the mitigation proposals such as plant communities transplant, planning of connecting green network against for influencing direct impact ecosystem that is destroying plant communities, damaging inhabitants, noise pollution, water pollution, etc.

워터프런트의 온화한 기후특성과 함께 자연이나 개방성 그리고 그러한 것들을 포함하는 축제성이 시민 생활환경의 질 향상이라는 요구에 대응하기에 적합한 공간이라는 특징 때문에 부산에서는 해안지역 워터프런트의 개발이 수익의 극대화를 위해 초고층 건축물 위주로 개발이 진행되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 초고층 위주의 개발은 토지피복의 변화와 더불어 풍속을 약화시키기 때문에 개발에 의해 기후특성이 변화될 가능성이 크다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 초고층 개발에 따른 워터프런트의 기후변화를 파악하기 위해 최근 초고층 건축물 위주의 개발이 집중되고 있는 부산의 해운대 지역을 대상으로 개발 전후의 기후특성을 비교 검토하여 개발 이후 해운대의 겨울에 따뜻하고 여름에 시원한 해안지역 기후특성이 변화하여 여름의 기온상승이 현저하며 열대야일수가 증가하였음을 밝혔다.

최근 워터프런트의 개방성과 자연환경을 만끽하기 위한 중요한 공간으로서 오픈스페이스와 이에 연계된 노천카페 및 야외레스토랑의 계획이 많아지고 있다. 그러나 워터프런트는 낮은 기온, 강풍, 강한 일사 등 도심 및 내륙지역과는 다른 기후특성을 가지고 있기 때문에 노천카페, 야외레스토랑 등을 계획할 때에는 대상 워터프런트의 기후특성, 특히 풍환경에 대한 검토가 필요하다. 본 연구는 부산의 대표적 워터프론트인 해운대, 수영만, 광안리 지역을 대상으로 오픈스페이스와 노천카페 및 야외레스토랑 계획을 위한 워터프런트의 풍환경에 대해 검토하였다. 검토경과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1)해운대-광안리까지의 워터프런트는 야외레스토랑 등에 적합한 지역이다. 2)3월말에서 11월 까지가 야외레스토랑 등을 이용하기에 적합한 시기이다.

Although many local governments are supporting the environment-friendly regional agriculture(hereafter EFRA), the EFRA is not wildly extended since the marketing and consumption of the environment-friendly agricultural products are still limited. This study aims at finding out the new development source of Korean agriculture and strategies for establishing regional agriculture. For these purposes, Sunchon-si cases of EFAP development are introduced and the functions and roles of bodies in charge of regional agriculture are looked over. In order to establish the EFRA, production, processing and consumption needs to be intimately linked all together. As preconditions for developing the EFRA, four points should be satisfied. Firstly, production organizations need to be built and stabilized for developing the EFRA and consumers" organizations and partnership are to be formed. Secondly, the government should support for building consumers" organization. Thirdly, social consensus for developing the EFRA needs to be formed. And finally with the appropriate local and central governmental support the partnership among producers, consumers, and government should be formed.

Numerical simulation is essential to indicate the flow of the atmosphere in the region with a complicated topography which consists of many mountains in the inland while it is neighboring the seashore. Such complicated topography produces land and sea breeze as the mesoscale phenomenon of meteorology which results from the effect of the sea and inland. In the mesoscale simulation examines, the change of the temperature in relation to the one of the sea surface for the boundary condition and, in the inland, the interaction between the atmosphere and land surface reflecting the characteristic of the land surface. This research developed and simulated PNULSM to reflect both the SST and vegetation effect as a bottom boundary for detailed meteorological numerical simulation in coastal urban area. The result from four experiments performed according to this protocol revealed the change of temperature field and wind field depending on each effect. Therefore, the lower level of establishment of bottom boundary suitable for the characteristic of the region is necessary to figure out the atmospheric flow more precisely, and if the characteristic of the surface is improved to more realistic conditions, it will facilitate the simulation of regional environment.

This study was investigated on the consciousness of middle school students in Jeju city about the environmental education through questionnaire, in order to understand the actual conditions of environmental education and to find out the solutions about them. Middle school students responded that environmental education in school was taken at the class for the special activity or voluntary service, not in regular class and was worked as in the form of the field trip. They generally obtain the knowledge and informations on the environmental problems from mass media such as TV, radio and newspaper than from regular environment class in school. And 36.0% of students perceive that environmental education is needed as a regular class and 31.3% of students perceive that the regular class in school is effective to the environmental education. These results suggest that many students are interested in the regular environment class in school. However, the most of students responded that the regular environment class in school is not worked or is not worked at all, suggesting that the environmental education in middle school is not worked effectively. Most of students prefer to take the environment class in the form of observation or field trip, and they think that observation or field trip is more effective to obtain environmental informations. In conclusion, the special activity such as observation or field trip needs to be supplemented to regular environment class in order to improve the environmental education in middle school more effectively.

In order to study the degree of improved air quality as an outcome of the action plan of Atmospheric Environment Improvement in Gimhae, Gyeongnam Province, we investigated the status and trends of air pollutant before and after the plan. Nitrogen dioxide and ozone, both classified as hazardous substances, were closely monitored with particular attention. The level of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, fine particles and ozone (but for carbon monoxide) was decreased after the plan was implemented. The number of days on which ozone exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standard has decreased, but the level was still often exceeded. The level of nitrogen dioxide did not surpass until the 2006 standard, but when the revised 2007 standard was implemented, it exceeded 80% of some standards. The yearly level of ozone has decreased since the plan was introduced. The concentration of nitrogen dioxide, however, has reduced in high order area while increased in low order area.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of air quality using data from which obtain local air quality monitoring system for cohort study in Chungju, Korea. We analyzed the concentration data of NO2, SO2, and PM10 in Chungju and industrial cities in 2006. We compared a industrial area with a cohort study area using by bicluster algorithm. In the case of SO2, the rate of the cluster time was 10～60% and the cluster time number of two areas was similar. In the case of NO2 and PM10, the number of cluster time between a industrial area and cohort study area was clearly different.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of the environmental education system focusing on the knowledge, attitude and practice in relation to environmental education to the students in Mokpo middle school. The study is accomplished by the survey which includes a total of 268 inquiry lists sampled from four groups of the middle school, one of which composing of two middle schools having the environmental curriculum, hereafter referred as 'the case group' and the other group of two middle schools without the curriculum, hereafter referred as the 'the control group'. From the results of the average scores on the environmental knowledge, attitude and practice between the two groups, the case group showed better knowledge scores than the control group (p<0.05). The case group with environmental education were relatively high to the control group without environmental education to the attitude(p<0.05), and did not showed signifiant differences in the environmental practice. From the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis, the factor affecting the environmental knowledges was the interest in the environment problems (R2=0.130), economic status, academic achievement and the necessity of environment conservations in order. The factor most affecting to environmental attitude and practice were the interest in environmental problems of the parents.

Heavy metal concentrations in the soil were investigated for the abandoned Samkwang metal mine, Cheongyang-Gun, Chungnam Province, Korea. The concentrations of heavy metal(As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) were determined in mine soils collected at the abandoned mine sites to obtain a general classification and specification of the pollution in this highly polluted region. The results estimated with the normal test and basis statistic on the central tendency and variation showed that the distribution of heavy metal concentration had significantly different at the range of all locations. The range of spatial distribution on the relationship of heavy metal concentration and pH was 4.8∼8.8 and heavy metal concentration on the type of land use was highest in forest land, and also Ni and Zn in farm and rice field showed the high concentration. The distribution of heavy metal concentration on the depth of a soil showed that the metal concentrations in subsoil were higher than of those in surface soil, while the concentration of Cu and Ni had no significant difference on the depth of soil. Results from the correlation analysis using the data except the extreme and unusual data revel that Zn-Cd(r=0.867), Zn-As(r=0.797), Zn-Pb (r=0.764), Cu-Cd(r=0.673), Cu-As(r=0.614) and Zn-Ni(r=0.605) were the most important parameters in assessing variations of heavy metal in soil. To discriminate pattern differences and similarities among samples, principal factor analysis(PFA) and cluster analysis(CF) were performed using a correlation matrix. This study suggests that PFA and CF techniques are useful tools for identification of important heavy metal and parameters. This study presents the necessity and usefulness of multivariate statistical assessment of complex databases in order to get better information about the quality of soil and gives the basis information to clean up the abandoned mine sites.

The objectives of this study were to analysis the farmer’s attitude on agriculture and rural area where is developed Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (EFA). To analysis satisfaction level and prospect about EFA, farmer’s survey were conducted. The sample size of the survey was 176 respectively. Of the farmers surveyed, 85.9% thought their income is higher than general farmer in the same area. However, when asked how the future income change, 40.7% responded that will be decreasing step by step. 89.2% of the farmer respondent thought that they want dwelling in rural area and continuing agriculture in the future. However, 29.9% of the farmer respondent thought that rural area is not proper to their children as the future residence. In order to training of new farmer, it is very important to set up stable income structure, improving of welfare facilities, medical facilities and education infra and so on. In addition, it need to develop and spread of environmentally friendly agri-technology, price preservation of environmentally friendly agri-product and supply extension of environmentally friendly agri-material etc.

The frequency of tropical nights and tropical days in Busan during summer season (June-August) from 1995 to 2004 were investigated. When air temperature higher than 25 ℃ continuously maintains at night in summer, it is called the occurrence of tropical night. Tropical day is defined that maximum air temperature is higher than 30 ℃. In Jin-Gu and Daeyeon-dong shows a lot of frequency of tropical day and tropical night because there were located in downtown. Relatively, the areas where are located in seaside and riverside show very low frequency. This can be explained the cooling effects of sea and river. The main meteorological characteristics during tropical nights and tropical days is proved pattern of reverse tendency through wind rose. We analyzed heat index and discomfort index during tropical night and tropical day. This study is useful to understand the aspect of urban thermal environment but need some more observation to quantify.

This study assessed the characteristic of BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylene) concentration ratios of industrial emission sources and the neighborhoods of industrial area, fuel such as gasoline, light oil, LPG, and similar gasoline, and ambient air in Daegu. The BTEX in aromatic compounds was the most abundant VOC in Daegu. The BTEX ratios were (0.2:2.6:1.0:1.8) for the neighborhoods of industrial area, (2.6:11.3:1.0:1.2) for residential area, (2.2:11.0:1.0:1.6) for commercial area, (1.0:14.9:1.0:1.3) for industrial area, and (0.2:2.6:1.0:1.8) for the neighborhoods of industrial area. Average BTEX ratios in Daegu were B/T ratio (0.1), B/EB ratio (1.5), B/X ratio (1.1), T/EB ratio (12.6), T/X ratio(10), EB/X ratio (0.7). Expecially, B/T ratio in Daegu was similar as the other cities, Bangkok, Manila, and Hongkong. Comparing other cities with B/T ratio, the main sources of VOC were vehicular exhaust and emission of industrial facilities. Furthermore, BTEX correlation were evaluated at the emission sources and regional areas. Results showed that correlation coefficient values of emission sources, fuels and neighborhood of industry were significant magnitude above 0.65(p<0.01). Also, there showed highly significant correlations among BTEX. Calculated correlation coefficients of ambient air sampling sites were 0.61～0.954 for commercial /residential area and 0.613～0.998 for industrial area. However, they showed different correlation between commercial/residental area and industrial area. It implied that the emission sources were different from each area.

The works of the special economic zone for regional development(SEZone) have been promoted for developing the regional economy corresponding with its own peculiarities by not national, but local level of government. Namely, those set the goal at specialized development of regions through an appeasement policy against regulations. So local governments must originate the local works, get financial sources by itself, and then revitalize the regional economy. The policies of many local governments aim at increasing farmers’ income by developing rural society to cope with open economy system. By the way they have tried to revitalize agriculture and rural society by promoting actively the works of SEZone through an appeasement policy against regulations. And it is important to search for specialized factors based on regional resources, and to make connected with them together so as to obtain good results in the works of SEZone. This study examined regulations related to environmentally friendly agriculture and green tourism. And it researched about the effect of SEZone works on regional economy and develops indices of result estimation. So schemes for strategies for increasing demand and development issues were presented.