This study was carried out to investigate change of ginsenoside contents in red and fresh ginseng according toroot part and age by hydrolysis. Neutral total ginsenoside contents by hydrolysis in 6-year main root and lateralroot were significantly increased than those by non-hydrolysis, as 41.6 and 32.8%, respectively. However, there wasno significant difference in red ginseng. In fresh ginseng, ginsenoside contents of the protopanaxatriol group such as Re, Rf,Rg₁, Rg₂, and Rh₁ were not significantly different, but Rb₁, Rb₂, Rb₃, Rc, and Rd showed significant difference. The increaserate of neutral total ginsenoside content by hydrolysis was higher in epidermis-cortex than stele. Also, the neutraltotal ginsenoside content was fine root>rhizome>lateral root>main root, respectively. While there was no tendencytowards the increase of ginsenoside by hydrolysis with the increase of root age in fine root and rhizome, there was significantdecrease in main root and lateral root.

Ginsenosides of roots in Panax ginseng were analyzed by metabolic-targeting HPLC using the partial leastsquares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and compared depending on sowing methods between direct seeding andtransplanting method. Score plots derived from PLS-DA could identify the sowing method between the direct seeding andtransplanting method in P. ginseng roots. The ginsenoside compounds were assigned as Rg1, Re, Rf, Rg2, Rb1, Rc,Rb2, Rb3, and Rd. Contents of Re, Rf, Rg2, Rb1, Rc, Rb3, and Rd of main roots produced from the transplanting methodwere relatively higher than those of samples produced from direct seeding method. Also, contents of Rg1, Re, Rf, Rg2, Rb1,Rc, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd of lateral roots from the transplanted samples were relatively higher than those of samples producedfrom direct seeding method. Therefore, HPLC with PLS-DA analysis can be a straightforward tool for identificationof ginsenosides in main or lateral roots of P. ginseng obtained from two different seeding methods between directand transplanting methods.

This study was carried out to investigate change of ginsenoside contents according to tissue ratio in ginseng root by age and diameter. The epidermis-cortex and xylem-pith extent, fresh weight, dry weight of ginseng increased with the root age increase. They increased higher in xylem-pith than in epidermis-cortex. The ratio of epidermis-cortex decreased and xylem-pith increased as the main root diameter increased. In case of same diameter, the xylem-pith ratio increased by the increase of root age. The epidermis-cortex ratio was 4 > 5 > 6 years, respectively. The total 10 ginsenosides of epidermis- cortex increased with the root age increase. However, the total ginsenoside of xylem-pith decreased and it was 2~5 times lower than epidermis-cortex. The most of ginsenoside contents existed in epidermis-cortex. The diameter decrease in main root is related to the increase of epidermis-cortex ratio. It leads to increase of ginsenoside contents. In order to select high level of ginsenoside cultivar, it suggested that it should be selected main root having narrow diameter and lower epidermis- cortex ratio.