본 연구에서는 경기도내 유통매장 및 온라인에서 유통 중인 과일류 18품목과 박과과채류 2품목 114건의 시료를 구입하였다. 과피와 과육을 분리한 후 GC-NPD, GC-ECD, GC-MSMS, LC-MSMS를 이용하여 341종 잔류농약 분석 을 진행했다. 과일 전체(과피+과육)를 분석했을 때 48건의 시료에서 검출이 되었고 부적합은 없었으며 0.0025- 0.1663 mg/kg의 검출범위를 나타냈다. 과피에서는 85건에 서 0.0026-4.7185 mg/kg의 검출범위를 보이며 분리 전과 비교했을 때 높은 검출량을 보였다. 과육에서는 8건의 검 출이 있었으며 검출범위는 0.0021-0.0993 mg/kg 로 나타났 다. 대부분의 과피에서 농산물의 잔류허용기준 이하의 농 약이 검출되었고 키위 과피에서 기준 0.05 mg/kg인 deltamethrin이 0.1020 mg/kg의 검출량을 보였다. 잔류허용 기준은 과일 전체에 대한 기준이기 때문에 섭취에 부적합 한 것은 아니지만 더욱 안전하고 건강한 과피 섭취를 위 해 세척 후 과일 그대로를 섭취할 것을 권장하며 과피와 과육에 대한 지속적인 모니터링이 필요한 것으로 보여진다

본 연구는 2020년 1월부터 10월까지 향신식물 114건을 수거하여 잔류농약 실태조사를 실시하였다. GC-MSMS, GC-ECD, GC-NPD, LC-MSMS, LC-PDA, LC-CAS를 이 용하여 다종농약 다성분분석법으로 잔류농약 341종을 분석하였다. 조사 결과 36건의 검출이 있었으며 검출률은 31.6%이었다. 이 중 7건은 농약 잔류허용기준을 초과하였으며 부적합률은 6.1%이었다. 농약 잔류허용기준을 초과한 품목은 고수(2건), 민트(2건), 바질(1건), 로즈마리(1건), 서양자초(1건)이었다. 잔류농약 341종을 분석한 결과 22종의 농약 성분이 52회 검출되었고 농약 잔류허용기준을 초 과한 성분은 8종이었다. 농약 잔류허용기준을 초과한 성분은 etofenprox, flufenoxuron, fluquinconazole, iprodione, lufenuron, paclobutrazol, phenthoate, spiromesifen 이었다.

Osmotic power is to produce electric power by using the chemical potential of two flows with the difference of salinity. Water permeates through a semipermeable membrane from a low concentration feed solution to a high concentration draw solution due to osmotic pressure. In a pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process, river water and wastewater are commonly used as low salinity feed solution, whereas seawater and brine from the SWRO plant are employed as draw solution. During the PRO process using wastewater effluent as feed solution, PRO membrane fouling is usually caused by the convective or diffusive transport of PRO which is the most critical step of PRO membrane in order to prevent membrane fouling. The main objective of this study is to assess the PRO membrane fouling reduction by pretreatment to remove organic matter using coagulation-UF membrane process. The experimental results obtained from the pretreatment test showed that the optimum ferric chloride and PAC dosage for removal of organic matter applied for the coagulation and adsorption process was 50 mg/L as FeCl3 (optimum pH 5.5). Coagulation-UF pretreatment process was higher removal efficiency of organic matter, as also resulting in the substantial improvement of water flux of PRO membrane.

본 연구는 2019년 경기도내 대형매장과 중소형매장 및 재리시장에서 유통 중인 스테인리스, 알루미늄, 철 등 금속제 주방기구 82건을 대상으로 중금속 등 11종(납, 카드뮴, 비소 등)의 오염도를 조사하여 금속제 주방기구의 위생관리를 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 금속제 주방기구의 용출시험결과, 금속의 용출빈도는 철>알루미늄>크롬, 니켈>아연>구리>납>비소>안티몬>주석> 카드뮴의 순으로 이었고 용출률은 7.3-93.9%이었다. 조사 대상 82건 중 알루미늄 주방기구 1건에서 니켈이 기준을 초과(결과 1.4 mg/L, 기준 0.1 mg/L 이하)한 것으로 나타났으며 그 밖에 기준이 설정되어 있지 않은 철에 코팅한 주방기구에서 니켈이 식품용 기구 및 용기·포장 공전 금속제 기준을 5배-193배 초과한 것으로 나타나 이에 대한 기준규격의 설정이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 코팅하지 않은 금속제와 내부를 코팅한 주방기구 평균 용출량을 비교해보면, 알루미늄과 철은 코팅한 주방기구에서 낮게 나타났고 나머지 대부분의 중금속은 코팅한 주방기구에서 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 국산과 수입산으로 나누어 평균 용출량을 비교한 결과, 알루미늄과 철은 국산 및 수입산 모두 다른 중금속에 비해 높은 수준으로 나타났는데 알루미늄은 국산주방기구에서, 철은 수입산 주방기구에서 높게 나타났다. 주방기구의 코팅재질별로 평균 용출량을 비교한 결과, 불소수지 코팅에서는 알루미늄, 세라믹 코팅에서는 알루미늄, 철, 법랑코팅에서는 니켈, 알루미늄, 철, 구리, 기타(실리콘과 티타늄)코팅에서는 철의 용출량이 높게 나타났다.

The objective of this study was to develop a standard for setting a legal system for senior-friendly food. We conducted a web-based survey on 95 food industry workers. Answers to 10 questions in the survey were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Important factors to consider when it comes to food for seniors are the supply of balanced nutrition, enhancement of functionality, and promotion of convenience. A total of 47 respondents (51.1%) felt the need for a legal system for senior food, and they thought that a certification for senior-friendly food would be advantageous for companies. They said that there should be texture standards to promote ease of chewing, standards for functionality, nutritional standards, and safety standards to certify senior-friendly foods. A total of 41 people (44.6%) said that it was reasonable to classify Japanese food into five levels of senior-friendly foods according to ease of chewing. Certification management received the highest score in implementing an activation plan for senior-friendly food.

Control degree and property changes of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were conducted by coagulation of chemical treatment for 2 sewage treatment plants with different technical methods. As the result, SUVA value of the second treated water (supernatant of the second settling pond after biological treatment) was increased and DOC was reduced in comparison with supplied raw water. And, SUVA value and DOC were reduced by coagulation after coagulation treatment of the second treated water. Properties of dissolved organic matter for 2 sewage treatment plants's DOC were divided. As the result, there was lots of hydrophilic component with hydrophilicity in case of plant A. In case of the second treated water, Plant A showed fulvic acid with little molecular weight was reduced among the hydrophobic component with hydrophobicity, but numic acide with lots of molecular weight was increased. However, in case of plant B, both fulvic acid with little molecular weight and humic acid with lots of molecular weight were increased among the hydrophobic components with hydrophilicity. Before the operation of phosphorus facility, properties of dissolved organic matter after biodegradation with effluent water showed hydrophilic components were reduced and hydrophobic components were increased. However, after coagulation treatment of the second treated water, hydrophilic components and hydrophobic components were outstandingly decreased or increased. During the biodegradation after coagulation treatment, hydrophilic components were significantly decreased and hydrophobic components were increased.

배추속은 전세계적으로 재배되는 중요한 경제작물을 포함하고 있으며, 종의 진화 및 배수성 연구를 위해 학문적으로 중요한 가치를 가지고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 작물이 교잡육종을 통해 종자를 생산하기 때문에 고정 계통을 육성하는 데 많은 시간과 노력이 필요하다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 인위적인 방법으로 반수체 식물체를 유도하여 형질이 고정된 계통을 단시간에 육성함으로써 연구 및 육종 소재로 활용할 수 있는 다양한 기내배양법이 시도되었다. 본 논문에서는지금까지 배추속 작물에서 시도된 기내배양법의 연구현황을살펴보고 반수체 생산에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 조사하여 효율적인 반수체 생산 기술에 대한 정보를 제공하고자 하였다.

본 연구는 매스 미디어가 문화변천에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고자 한다. 문헌 검토를 통해 현대 문화변천과 매스 미디어와의 상관성을 세 가 지의 연구 문제로 설정하였다. 특히 이 연구는 문화적 인식 변화와 문화변천에 도 움을 주는 매스 미디어와 정치, 사회변천, 세계화, 경제 발전과 미래 문화에 매스 미디어가 미치는 영향에 대해 검토하는데 주요 목적이 있다. 매스 미디어는 우리 에게 이미 어느 정도의 통제가 가능하고 더 편리해져서 문화변천에 다양한 방향을 제시한다. 따라서 매스 미디어는 문화진화와 실천 과정의 직접적인 수단이라 할 수 있다. 특히 문화변천에 대한 매스 미디어의 영향은 사회, 경제, 정치 그리고 모 든 국제화 사업과의 조화로운 융합에 성공함으로써 매스미디어가 문화적 가치 및 경제적 가치를 실현하는데 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 19(1). The purpose of this study is to investigate current status of Korean teenagers' language use regarding expletives, teenage slangs, and buzz-words, by employing a questionnaire survey. We have obtained a sample of 2418 teenage students from elementary, middle, and high schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. For data analysis, we performed frequency, mean, chi-square test, and Spearman's correlation analysis. Our results indicate that expletives, teenage slangs, and buzz-words tend to be widely used in daily life with almost no sense of guilt or shame and that frequency of expletives highly increase from middle school age. Negative result of expletives is an increase in physical and verbal aggression as well as in passive aggression. Some of the questioned replied that they feel estrangement and inconvenience about teenage slangs and buzz-words. Additionally, we found that elements of family conversation, parental propensity to control, school education, leisure activity, self-control, and empathy ability correlate closely with frequency of expletives in teenage students.

In the present study, we investigated the physicochemical characteristics and sensory qualities of gruel with added ground yam (20~80%) to increase consumption and application of yams. pH and sugar content of sample gruel decreased with increasing yam content, whereas spreadability increased gradually. Lightness and greenness decreased; however, blueness increased as yam content increased. Viscosity decreased with increasing yam content. Gruel with 40% added yam was the most preferred for flavor, taste, texture, and overall preference. From these results, we found that adding 40% yam was the best to make gruel with high sensory quality.

This study evaluated the quality and sensory characteristics of sulgidduk added with yam powder (5~20%) during 4 days storage. The moisture content of samples initially decreased as the yam powder content increased, but subsequently increased during storage. The pH values also increased during storage, although there was no significant difference. L values decreased and both a and b values increased as yam powder content increased. The decreased L values during storage were not significantly different from control group. The hardness of samples decreased with increasing yam powder content, while hardness of control group markedly increased during storage. Cohesiveness increased as yam powder content increased, and tended to decrease during the storage. Springiness also initially increased as yam powder content increased. No change was apparent during storage in control group or samples added with up to 10% yam powder, while springiness was decreased insignificantly in samples with over 10% yam powder. Lightness, yam odor and savory taste of sulgidduk tended to increase as yam powder content increased, while chewiness decreased. The savory odor was the highest in sulgidduk added with 10% yam powder. Sulgidduk added with 10% yam powder was the most preferred in appearance, taste, texture and overall preference.

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a species of the Brassicaceae family and an important root vegetable crop, produced worldwide. A total of 82 radish accessions with various morphological and physiological characteristics analyzed for total sugars content. These accessions includes five subspecies and classified as wild, wild-relative, traditional and improved cultivar. The four sugars, glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltose, showed various contents in 82 accessions. Total sugar content ranged from 5.64 to 46.68 ㎎/g and showed average 25.33 ㎎/g. Total sugar content was not statistically significant among the five subspecies, but individual sugar ratio varied. The wild, wild-relatives and traditional cultivars were not significantly among average total sugars content compared with improved cultivars. On the other hand, the wild and traditional cultivars were showed high ratio of individual sugars. These results could be valuable information for the development of new radish cultivars and regulation of sugars biosynthesis in radish.

이 연구는『삼국유사』설화를 활용하여 유아들을 위한 다문화 교육 프로그램을 개발하 고, 또한 다문화 인식을 증진시키는 데 있어서 이 프로그램의 효과를 검증하려고 한다. 우선, 이 논문은『삼국유사』에 대한 이전의 연구들을 분석하여 다문화와 다문화 교육에 관련된 요소들을 찾고자했다. 이러한 분석을 통하여 이 프로그램의 목적 설정이 가능하게 되었으며, 이러한『삼국유사』설화를 활용한 프로그램은 몇몇 교육 전문가들과의 협의를 통하여 개발에 이르렀다. 다음, 이 프로그램의 효과를 검증하기 위해서, 한 유치원의 5세 아동 30명에게 프로그램이 실행되었다. 아동들은 10주에 걸쳐 15차시의 수업을 받았다. 데이터는 독립표본 T 검정 과 대응 표본 T 검정을 통해 처리되었다. 이 결과는 유아들을 위한 다문화 프로그램이 다문화 인식에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것을 제시했다. 이 결과는 또한 유아들의 다문화 인식을 증진시키기 위하여, 이 프로그램이 유아들에게 실행될 수 있다는 것을 시사했다.

A new Gentiana spp. cultivar ‘Skyhope’ was bred by crossing between ‘Jinbu-4 line’ with violet blue (VB 95B) colored petals and ‘Jinbu-1 line’ with violet blue (VB 93B) petals in 2000 year. The superior line of ‘0013-9’ was selected in Daegwallyeong from 2001 to 2003 year, and growth and flower characterization were conducted from 2004 to 2007 year in field of Daegwallyeong and Jinbu of Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do, Namwon, Jeollabuk-do and Jeju Special Self-Governing-do. The flower showed violet blue (VB 96A) color at opening, the petal of flower have not spot and flower stem color was purple. Flowers was opening at the same time from bottom to upside. Plant height was 68.1 cm, and number of flower stems per plant was 5.3 ea., number of flower node per stem is 5.9 ea., and Number of flowers per stem was 32.2 ea.. The flowering of ‘Skyhope’ cultivar was bloomed from the middle of July in Daegwallyeong and the later of July in Jinbu, Pyeongchang, Kangwon-do and the early of July in Namwon, Jeollabuk-do and the later of July in Jeju Special Self-Governing-do. ‘Skyhope’ cultivar can be used for cut flower.