This study aimed to improve the level of satisfaction and service quality of a forest experience education program for vulnerable social groups by administering a survey problems of the program and suggested improvements. 428 participants in the program. Reliability analysis of the survey yielded values of, Cronbach’s α value was higher than 0.8 for all items, indicating very high reliability. Importance-performance analysis (IPA), a method of measuring and comparing the degree of satisfaction, found two factors: “first need for correction” which included “diversity of programs” and “professionalism of programs”; and “the need for sustained effort” which included “benefits of programs”, “the role of program instructors” and “the interest of programs”. Previously, forest experience education focused on programs involving base expansion and promotion, or quantitative expansion education. Therefore, this study is meaningful in providing basic data on forest experience education for vulnerable social groups.

This study introduced income mobility analysis using pseudo-longitudinal panel data from Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) to consider the dynamic process of individual’s well-being through time. Since there is no comprehensive measurement of income mobility because of its dynamic process, various income mobility indices such as Chi-square, Average Jump Index, Atkinson et al. Mobility Ratio, and Shorrocks’ Mobility Index were used. These indices revealed that Filipino households’ income movements are more mobile than expected, and their income status improved from 2000 to 2015. As income mobility takes place, income inequality is reduced by 91.80 percent (91.80%). Furthermore, the growth effect is the main factor of income mobility. This indicates that households took the economic opportunities from economic growth to earn more. However, income mobility due to transfer effect (transfer of income from one household to another through lottery winning and borrowing) increased when the economy is not good. The higher income mobility due to growth effect compared to transfer effect, whether the economy is good or bad, means that households learned how to use their income in savings, investments, and entrepreneurship. This is the result of a successful financial literacy program of the government wherein households realized financial stability and security.

In peer-to-peer (P2P) loan markets, as most lenders are unskilled and inexperienced ordinary individuals, it is important to know the characteristics of borrowers that significantly impact their repayment performance. This study investigates the effects and importance of borrowers’ past repayment performance track record within the platform to identify its predictive power. To this end, I analyze the detailed loan repayment data from two leading P2P lending platforms in Korea using a Cox proportional hazard, multiple linear regression, and logit models. Furthermore, the predictive power of the factors proxied by borrowers’ track records are evaluated through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. As a result, it is found that the borrowers’ past track record within the platform have the most important impact on the repayment performance of their current loans. In addition, this study also reveals that the borrowers’ track record is much more predictive of their repayment performance than any other factor. The findings of this study emphasize that individual lenders must take into account the quality of borrowers’ past transaction history when making a funding decision, and that platform operators should actively share the borrowers’ past records within the markets with lenders.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the importance of policy for the promotion of forest education and establish a basis that can be applied to it, which considers citizens’ opinions on forest education. According to the importance analysis of forest education policy, program development topped the list with 0.368 points, followed by the application of forest education experts, which scored 0.262 points. Cooperation as well as the supplementing and improvement of facilities yielded 0.238 and 0.132 points, respectively. Concerning the attention and recognition of forest education, only 8% of the respondents had low attention and 19% low or very low recognition; 75% said forest education was very important. Regarding program satisfaction, 76.5% were satisfied with the profitability of content and 77% agreed with the purpose consistency. In terms of the appropriateness of forest education, 79.2% and 81% were content with the period and method, respectively. Finally, 82.7% were satisfied with the participation program. This study aims to share basic data and promotion plans derived from the analysis of policy importance and satisfaction with forest education focused on adults. Domestic forest education is still in the early stages, led by Korea Forest Service. In the long term, local governments must participate in forest education policy positively despite limited budgets and human resources. The results of this study can be utilized as data for forest education promotion plans. If the case studies of other local governments and preference analysis by age group are followed up, they will help ensure that forest education evolves through cooperation with people and organizations in the relevant zone.

The purpose of this study is to provide the demand information about services (S/W) and infrastructure (H/W) for rural welfare and culture. The survey was conducted on the overall satisfaction level, the condition change, the importance-satisfaction level of each field and the top priority items for administrative agencies and rural residents. In the overall satisfaction level, administrative agencies responded more than 'normal' to all fields, but the overall satisfaction level was lower than 'normal' in the fields excluding the healthcare field in the case of rural residents. In terms of condition changes compared to the past five years, both administrative institutions and local residents evaluated the improvement. IPA analysis was conducted to identify the priority ranking of each field and it was found that emergency medical facilities in the healthcare field, infant day care facilities in the social welfare field, movie theaters in the culture field, lifelong education institutions and academy facilities in the education field and private sports facilities in the leisure and sports field were most needed, respectively. The results of this study are expected to be helpful in increasing the efficiency and presenting the improvement direction about the development policy of the rural culture and welfare.

As the impacts of climate change have been emerged all the way through society, the potential risks specifically on agricultural water and facilities are recently getting concerned. Evaluating vulnerability of agriculture to climate change on is a time-tested strategy. While a number of researches on the adaption and mitigation of climate change were performed in various aspects for sustainable agricultural production, the vulnerability of management system for agricultural water and infrastructure has not been investigated yet. This study is aimed to clarify the definition of vulnerability to climate change, find the major indicators able to presume the vulnerability, and finally determine the relative importance of the indicators based on the specialist questionnaire survey and its analyses. The lists of indicators for major parts of agricultural water management such as, water use, flood control, reservoir related issues, and pumping and drainage systems are initialized referring to the related precedent studies. The primary survey was conducted in the form of Delphi to complement the list and methods and the main survey was then conducted using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique to quantitatively prioritize the indicators. The results derived in this study would be directly adopted in weighting importance of indicators to investigate the indicator-based vulnerability analysis to climate change in agricultural water and infrastructure management.

본 연구의 항만보안 향상을 위해 중요한 평가요인들을 발굴하고 요인들 간 상대적 중요도를 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해 문헌조사 및 항만보안 업무 종사자들로 구성된 전문가 그룹의 브레인스토밍(Brainstorming)을 통해 평가요인을 선정하여, 4개의 대분류 요인과 12개의 중분류 요인으로 분류하였다. 계층적으로 분류된 평가요인을 전국의 항만보안 관련 업무를 수행하고 있는 공무원, 항만공사와 항만보안공사 종사자, 항만보안관련 교육기관 종사자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고, 계층분석법(AHP)을 이용하여 중요도를 산출하였다. 또한 그룹 간 중요도 인식 차이를 알아보기 위하여 통계 분석을 실시하였다. 평가요인 중요도 분석 결과, 보안 운영시스템 강화 요인이 가장 높았고 하드웨어 개선, 보안인력 증원의 순으로 나타났다. 또한 대분류의 정책적 지원 및 시설 지원, 인력ㆍ예산 지원에서 그룹 간 인식 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 분석 결과를 통해 항만 내 통합모니터링시스템 구축을 통한 보안 운영체제의 개선이 우선적으로 요구되며, 그룹 간 인식 차이를 이해 하고 이를 바탕으로 유기적인 협조체제의 구축이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구결과는 후속연구로 수행될 국내 항만보안 효율성 측정을 위한 평가요인으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

본 연구의 목적은 IPA를 활용하여 학교현장 실습 전· 후 예비유아교사의 교사역량 중요도와 실행역량에 대한 인식을 분석하는 것이다. 연구의 대상은 D시에 위치한 4년제 대학교 유아교육과 4학년 106명(A대학 40명, B 대학 66명)이다. 이를 위해 교사역량 질문지를 사용하여 중요도와 실행역량의 평균과 표준편차를 구하고 빈도분석과 IPA분석을 실시하였다. 자료 분석 결과, 유아와 직접적인 상호작용, 교육과정과 수업계획, 일과운영, 교사로서의 열정은 학교현장실습 전과 후, 중요도와 실행역량 인식이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 실습 후에는 국가수준 교육과정에 근거한 계획, 교직윤리관 형성이 중요도와 실행역량을 높게 인식하였다. 유아관찰과 평가, 건강과 영양지도, 실습 후 교육활동 목표 내용 평가와 문서양식에 적합한 내용 기술, 지역사회 기관, 전문가와의 협력 역량은 개선과 노력이 필요한 것으로 나타났으며, 평가방법, 평가결과 기록, 평가의 활용, 가족과 지역사회와의 관계에 대한 역량은 중요도와 실행역량 인식이 모두 낮게 나타났다. 실습전과 후에 모두 실행역량에 대한 인식이 높고 상대적인 중요도는 낮게 인식한 역량은 다양한 흥미영역 구성이었으며, 국가수준 교육과정에 근거한 계획과 목표 유아흥미 개선이 포함된 마무리와 평가는 유지 또는 개선이 필요한 역량으로 변화하였다. 이러한 결과를 중심으로 유아교원 양성 교육과정에서 학교현장실습 전 교육과 실습 후 어떠한 교육과 지원방안이 필요한지에 대한 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cases of Asan-si and Hongseong-gun in Chungcheongnam-do to derive the direction of development of the school meal support center and improvement of the school meal policy in connection with local food. We conducted a survey on the importance and performance of school meal support policy and local food supply policy for nutritionists in two areas. In addition, we identified the issues to be improved intensively and the issues to be continuously managed over the medium to long term, and suggested directions for improvement using IPA. As a result of the importance-performance analysis of school meal support policy and local food supply policy, both Asan-si and Hongseong- gun. focused on improving the price and quality of local food.

본 연구는 수업상황에서 유치원 교사들은 어떤 수업대화를 중요하게 인식하는지와 그 수업대화에 대한 자신들의 실행수준은 어느 정도인지를 인식하고 있는지를 알아보고, 유치원 교사의 수업대화 측면에서 향후 개선 노력해야 할 항목은 무엇인지를 밝히고자 하였다. 연구 대상은 296명의 유치원 교사였고, 연구도구는 김호(2015)가 개발한 유아교사의 수업화법 능력 평가 도구 설문을 활용하였다. 유치원 수업대화에서 나타난 항목들에 대한 중요도와 실행도를 평정한 자료를 수집하고, 대응표본 t검증과 IPA 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 유치원 교사들은 경청하기, 격려와 칭찬하기, 동기유발하기를 중요하게 인식하고 있는 반면에 피드백하기와 질문하기는 상대적으로 덜 중요하게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 실행도 측면에서는 유치원 교사들은 설명하기에서 가장 높은 실행도를 보였고, 그 다음으로는 격려와 칭찬하기, 경청하기, 동기유발하기, 피드백하기, 질문하기 순인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 유치원 교사의 효율적인 수업대화에 대한 IPA 분석 결과, 향후 개선노력을 집중해야 할 항목으로는 유아의 대답에 따뜻하게 반응하기, 개방적인 질문 자주 사용하기, 자료나 매체 적절하게 사용하기, 유아의 내적 동기 유발하기 항목이었다.

“구원 받은 신자는 창조세계를 선물로 받는다”라는 말은, 루터 학자 게르하르트 포드(Gerhard Forde)가 루터가 종교개혁적 혁파에서 얻은 새로운 신학적, 윤리적 인식을 훌륭하게 응축한 것이다. 하나님 은혜에 의한 구원은 하나님의 창조세계를 보는 긍정적 관점을 제공하고, 그 속에서의 삶을 은총의 선물이자 책임적 소명으로 환원시킬 동기와 동력을 부여한다는 것이다. 루터는 하나님의 창조세계 속에서 신자의 삶이란, 하나님을 의지하는 신앙으로 피조물로서의 일상적 삶을 살아가는 것으로 보았다. 창조세계 자체와 그 속에서의 신자의 일상생활을 긍정적으로 본 것이다. 중세 가톨릭 교회가 창조세계 속 일상적 삶을 경시한 데 비해, 루터는 이 땅에서 신앙으로 하는 모든 일을 영적인 일로 여겼다. 창조세계 속에서의 세 가지 삶의 형태인 교회, 가정, 국가에서의 직분을 신앙으로 감당하는 것을 하나님께 대한 예배이자 신자의 소명으로 보았다. 그리스도인이 하나님의 두 왕국에서 개인 윤리와 공적 윤리를 바르게 구분하고 적절히 적용하면서, 자신의 직분을 통해 소명을 다할 때 사회는 더 나은 방향으로 개선될 수 있음을 가르쳤다.

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to clarify the difference of store attributes of Korean consumers and to analyze it’s influence on consumer satisfaction in duty free stores which gain ground inch by inch in the distribution chanel. And it is to find discriminative result as compared with foreign consumer. Research design, data, and methodology - Subjects for the quantitative study, quota sampling was adopted in the Lotte, Shilla downtown and airport duty free stores from the first to 15th December 2016 and 177 questionnaires from Koreans who had purchasing experience in off line duty free store were analyzed. The data was analyzed by using factor and reliability analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, the independent sample t-test and multiple regression analysis. To test consistency, Cronbach’s alpha was used. Results - The result were as follows; 1. Korean consumers consider the importance of store attributes in duty free stores in order Product, Economic Feasibility, Convenience, Promotion, and Accessibility. 2. The meaningful impactive factors of duty free store attributes on consumer satisfaction turned out Product and Promotion. 3. These results show meaningful distinction between Koreans and foreigners in terms of consumer satisfaction in duty free stores. Conclusions – A marketer who is working for duty free store consider now that price benefit can not give strong impact to Korean consumers more and should concentrate on various brand assortment even including private brand. In terms of promotion, most duty free shops put special stress on foreign consumer’s wants now as highly increasing of Chinese travelers but Korean consumer’s sales portion and number of visitor also are steadily increasing. Therefore, a duty free marketer should prepare the Korean-oriented services with more enhanced promotion strategies for individual and group travellers, for example, a mileage service, VIP room and social network system to satisfy Korean consumers. In order to get satisfaction from Korean consumers, it makes effort on product and promotion than accessibility, price and convenience. Due to high level influence, further study is needed to enlarge to on-line market and to develop private brands for duty free stores.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the participant’s perception of importance and performance of rural tourism network products that are linked with local resources, and propose the implications on the development direction of such products. The focus is on helping rural tourism network products acquire competencies that will help them evolve their business and differentiate themselves. To reach these objectives, a survey was designed through theoretical research on the motive of rural tourism and on agritourism networks. The survey was carried out on visitors to rural communities that produce rural tourism network products from November, 2015, to January, 2016 using 165 copies of a questionnaire after distributing 175 copies. The first quadrant continue and sustain‘, an area of high importance and high performance, included trial program components, stress reduction, getting away from daily routines, gaining new experiences, comfort, experiencing rural culture, travel expenses, and making memories with family. The second quadrant ‘requires intensive improvement’, an area of high importance but low performance, included having diverse trial programs, refreshment, experiencing agriculture, and education of children. Therefore, continuous interest is required for the area of ‘maintenance’ just as it is for activating educational farms in rural communities and a more fundamental improvement in the operation should be made for the area of ‘intensive management’.

This study aims to propose an assessment tool of port service quality (PSQ) in the context of container transport logistics (CTLs), by taking the perspectives from port users. The CTLs defined in this study are the relevant activities of serving the physical flows of a container box from a point of origin via a container port to a point of destination. To address the ports’ role in collaboration between its channel members in CTLs, the PSQ measures for all port user groups (i.e. common PSQ measures) are selected based on the relevant CTLs activities involved by port, and its users within terminal/port area as well as throughout the CTLs chain. An importance-performance analysis (IPA) is applied as a diagnostic tool to analyse the status quo of Busan Port in CTLs contexts, by comparing the importance and performance (IP) scores against each individual CTLs criterion. The findings from the IPA reveal that port managers and policy makers at the Busan Port should concentrate on six PSQ measures (i.e. SR1, SR4, ITS1, VAS1, VAS4, ICI3) to enhance PSQ in CTLs. However, four measures (i.e. ITS2, ITS3, ITS4, VAS2) are identified as a possible overkill, indicating an area of inefficiency where a remedial action of the cost-cutting decision is necessary. On the other hand, the Busan port shows an outstanding performance on four measures such as SR2, SR3, ICI1 and ICI2. The measures are not only important but also high performance. The study findings provide managerial guidance to port managers in Busan Port, in view of searching for managerial and operational strategies for sustainable port growth.

본 연구는 친환경안전축산물 생산에 기반이 되는 돼지농장의 HACCP 평가항목별 점수부 여 체계의 문제점에 대한 개선방안 도출하여 보다 안전하고 위생적인 돼지 생산에 기초자 료로 활용을 제안하기 위한 목적으로 실시하였다. 현행 돼지농장 HACCP 평가항목은 중요 도의 구분 없이 동일한 점수(5점)를 부여하고 있으나 본 연구에서는 최근 3년간 지적비율, 위해의 심각도 등을 고려하여 평가항목별로 중요도를 도출하였고 그 결과에 따라 평가항 목의 점수를 차등 부여하도록 하였다. 돼지농장의 선행요건 평가항목(70개)은 중요도에 따 라 최대 4점에서 최소 2점의 점수체계를 구축하여 총 점수가 200점이 되도록 하였으며, HACCP 관리 분야 평가항목(15개)은 최대 10점에서 최소 5점 체계를 구축하여 총 점수가 100점이 되도록 개발하였다. 본 연구결과를 현장에 적용할 경우 보다 안전하고 위생적인 돼지의 생산이 가능하여 돼지농장 HACCP 도입의 목적을 보다 효과적으로 달성할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

The International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities(IALA) model course recommends specific aspects of basic curriculums for Vessel Traffic Services(VTS) operator education such as modules, course hours, contents, etc. Most domestic training programs for newly appointed VTS operators comply with such recommendations. The objective of this study is to determine whether such modules for VTS operator training recommended by the current IALA model course correspond to the actual opinions of VTS operators who are currently working in the field. To this end, the relative importance of basic modules for vessel traffic services operator training was analyzed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) method. A questionnaire was designed to include 8 modules recommended by the IALA model course, and the survey results of 52 individuals working at 5 VTS centers were analyzed. The result showed that, unlike the assumption by the IALA, domestic VTS operators viewed Nautical Knowledge as the most important modules, followed by Emergency Situations, Traffic Management, Language, Equipment, VHF Radio, Communication Co-ordination, and Personal Attributes, in that order.

Shareholders solely depend on annual reports to make investment, credit and other decisions. Investors expect that information should be reliable, relevant, comparable, consistent and thus easy to use for decision making. But whether the importance of annual reports to all shareholders is equally significant is a question of research. Thus, this research study tries to find out the importance of reading annual reports to the investors. A questionnaire survey is conducted on investors considering thirty one general shareholders and six brokers. This research based survey finds that most of the shareholders have no knowledge about accounting or finance and they have little knowledge about capital markets due to lack of training. This study also finds that general shareholders read an annual report at least moderately except value added statement, chairman’s review, director’s report and rumor. This study recommends human resource should be developed through adequate training, and annual reports should provide transparent and quality information which will ultimately increase the confidence of investors.

최근 들어 역량기반의 교육요구분석과 관련한 연구에서 예비교사와 같이 아직 현장 경험이 충분하지 못한 대상자에게까지 연구대상의 범위가 점점 확대되고 있으나, 교육요구 파악을 위 한 우선순위결정방안은 기존의 경험이 풍부한 대상자에게 적용했던 방식과 동일한 방식을 적용하고 있다는 점에 의문을 제기하였다. 이에 배경지식과 경험의 정도에 따라 보다 타당한 교 육 우선순위를 결정하는 수정모델을 제안하고자 한다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 경험학습자라고 할 수 있는 현직교사와 아직 교직경험이 없는 미경험학습자인 예비교사를 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 먼저, 현직교사와 예비교사가 인식하는 스마트교원역량의 중요도에 대한 순위 차이를 검증한 결과, 전체 13개 역량 중 10개 의 역량에서 유의미한 차이를 나타내고 있음을 확인하였다. 이에 기존에 교육요구분석에서 사 용되었던 대응표본 t 검정, Borich 요구도 공식, The Locus for Focus 모델을 적용하여 스마트 교원역량에 대한 교육요구분석을 실시한 결과, 예비교사의 경우 창의적 문제해결, 내용전문성, 대외협력관계 형성의 순으로 나타났고, 현직교사들은 대외협력관계 형성, 평가 및 성찰, 수업설 계 및 개발의 순으로 나타났다. 즉, 동일한 역량에 대해 예비교사와 현직교사 간 큰 인식차이 가 있음을 나타내 주는 결과로, 이는 역량에 대한 중요도 판정에 기인하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 교육요구분석에서 응답자의 배경지식과 경험에 대한 이론적 고찰을 통해 응답자의 배경지식과 경험이 결과해석에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것을 밝혀냈다는 점 과 미경험학습자를 대상으로 하는 교육요구분석에 보다 적합한 모델을 제안했다는 점에서 시사점을 가진다.

본 연구는 유치원 교사의 창의적 수업 능력에 대한 중요도 인식 및 실행 정도가 어떠한지와 교사 경력과 학력, 설립유형에 따라 어떤 차이가 있는지 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 유치 원 교사들을 대상으로 창의적 수업 능력에 대한 중요도 인식 및 실행 정도에 대해서 설문조사 하고 F(t)분석을 통해 변인들 간의 차이를 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 유치원 교사들은 창의적 수업 능력에 대한 중요도를 대체로 높게 인식하였고, 교사의 경력과 학력, 설립유형별로 통계적 으로 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 유치원 교사들은 창의적 수업 능력에 대한 실행 정도가 보통 이상이었고, 교사의 경력과 학력, 유치원 설립유형에 따라 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나 타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 유치원 현장에서 창의적 수업을 실행하기 위한 방안을 제안하였다.

This study was conducted to suggest efficient management measures for the trails of urban parks. For this purpose, Importance- Performance Analysis was applied to analyze the expectations and satisfaction of users of trails in Gwanggyo Lake Park. As a result of analysis, it was found that the average level of importance was 4.2 and satisfaction was 3.54. Overall, the importance of evaluation items was higher than the satisfaction. The factors that need intensive management were the convenience of moving with a wheelchair or a stroller, the amount of shades and vegetation, nearby amenities, pedestrian safety facilities, and separation of walking trails and bicycle trails. It was found that management strategies and improvement are necessary to improve the safety facilities of trails and convenience of users. It is hoped that the findings of this study can suggest efficient management and operation measures and improve the satisfaction of users.