본 연구에서는 CFRP쉬트로 보강된 원형 CFT기둥의 압축거동을 관찰하고 설계식을 제안하였다. 원형 CFT기둥의 CFRP쉬트의 보강효과를 관찰하기 위해 10개의 실험체를 제작하여 중심축하중 실험을 수행하였다. 실험변수로는 CFRP쉬트 보강겹수와 직경-두께비(D/t)이다. 실험결과 원형CFT기둥에 CFRP쉬트 보강을 통해 압축내력을 증가시킨 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로 ACI 440code를 응용하여 CFRP 보강된 원형 CFT기둥의 압축내력을 예측하기 위한 설계식 을 제안한다. 제안식을 분석한 결과 실험결과와 비교적 일치한 것으로 나타났다.

◉ 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 요리활동의 적용이 감각방어 아동의 감각처리능력 및 문제행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위한 것이다. ◉ 연구방법: 감각력 평가(Sensory profile ; SP) 검사를 통하여 감각처리에 문제를 가진 3명의 아동을 대상으로 부모의 동의를 얻어 12주 동안 각 아동마다 10회에 걸친 요리치료를 실시하였다. 아동마다 연구자 1명씩 개입하여 약 30분～60분씩 요리활동을 하였고, 치료 전후 평가는 감각력 평가(Sensory profile ; SP)와 문제행동체크리스트(Child Behavior Checklist ; CBCL)를 사용하였다. ◉ 결과: 각 아동마다 감각력 평가(Sensory profile ; SP)와 문제행동체크리스트(Child Be havior Checklist ; CBCL)평가 결과, 3명의 아동 모두 긍정적 효과를 보였다. A아동은 감각력 평가(Sensory profile ; SP) 검사결과 총점 235점에서 263점으로 점수가 변화하였고, 문제행동체크리스트(Child Behavior Checklist ; CBCL) 평가 결과 총점 127점에서 106점으로 감소하였다. B아동은 감각력 평가(Sensory profile ; SP) 검사결과 총점 298점에서 308점으로 증가하였고, 문제행동체크리스트(Child Behavior Checklist ; CBCL) 평가 결과 총점 107점에서 103점으로 점수가 변화하였다. C아동은 감각력 평가(Sensory profile ; SP) 검사결과 총점 287점에서 302점으로 점수가 변화하였고, 문제행동체크리스트(Child Behavior Checklist ; CBCL)평가 결과 총점 110점에서 96점으로 점수가 감소하였다. ◉ 결론: 감각방어를 가진 아동에게 요리활동을 적용하였을 때, 감각처리능력을 향상시키고, 문제행동을 감소시키는 효과가 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 기초로 대상자의수를 늘리고 장기간에 걸쳐 아동의 변화를 확인할 수 있는 요리활동 연구가 지속적으로 필요하다고 사료된다.

우리나라 공동주택의 대부분을 이루는 철근콘크리트(RC) 벽식 구조의 지진에 대한 거동을 예측하기 위해 신뢰성이 있으며 사용하기 간편한 해석모델의 수립이 필요하다. 본 논문은 기 수행된 RC 전단벽 부분구조의 횡 하중 반전주기 실험결과를 기준으로 하여 PERFORM 3D에서 가용한 RC벽 요소 및 보 기둥 요소 해석모델을 응용하여 최대한 실험결과와 근접한 결과를 주는 모델을 수립하였다. 전체 및 국부거동에 있어서 이 해석결과를 실험결과와 비교함으로써 해석의 신뢰성과 한계성을 확인함과 동시에, 실험에서 파악하기 어려운 내부 저항력의 구성, 전체 구조물의 저항 메카니즘에 대한 정량적인 분석을 제시한다.

In this work, the effect of glycidyl methacrylate grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes (GMA-MWCNTs) on the viscoelastic behaviors of polypropylene (PP) based nanocomposites was studied. The GMA-MWCNTs/PP was prepared using a bravender at 200℃ by melt mixing as a function of GMA-MWCNT content. The viscoelastic behaviors of GMA-MWCNTs/PP nanocomposites were measured by a rheometer. It was found that the GMA-MWCNTs were homogeneously dispersed in the PP matrix. The GMA-MWCNTs/PP nanocomposites showed higher storage modulus, loss modulus, and shear viscosity compared to pure PP nanocomposites and the maximum value was shown at 2.0 wt% GMA-MWCNTs loading. These results were probably attributed to the strong interfacial interaction between the GMA-MWCNT and the PP matrix.

The purposes of this study are to segment women consumers on the basis of clothing shopping orientation and to investigate clothing purchasing behaviors of each segmented group by age variable for development of effective fashion marketing strategies to meet very changeable modern consumers' needs. The research methodology is survey and subjects were 650 women aged from 20s to 60s. The questionnaire consist of measurement items for clothing shopping orientation, clothing purchasing behaviors and subjects' demographic attributions. The data were analyzed by Cronbach's α, factor analysis, cluster analysis, χ2 test, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test, using SPSS program. The results are as follows. First, 5 factors were emerged on clothing shopping orientation. Second, women consumers are segmented into 4 types(conspicuous, convenient, pleasurable, and unconcerned type) by clothing shopping orientation. Third, each consumer type divided by age variable showed some important differences on demographic characteristics and various clothing purchasing behaviors. Therefore, the results of this study support that clothing shopping orientation can be useful as one of the effective differentiated variables to segment women consumer market and age variable has important mediate effects on the differences of clothing purchasing behaviors by clothing shopping orientation type.

This study examined the relative effects of weekly and daily group feedback on the customer service behaviors in a gas station. Participants were four employees providing full services to the customers. Four target service behaviors, which were identified from the job description for the employees, served as the dependent variables. The data were collected by a supervisor. The independent variable was the frequency of group feedback on the four service behaviors: weekly and daily group feedback. An ABC within group design was adopted. After baseline (A), the weekly group feedback condition (B) was introduced. In the next phase, the daily group feedback condition (C) was introduced. Both weekly and daily group feedback were presented in a graph form and posted at a conspicuous location. Results showed that both weekly feedback and daily feedback conditions were effective in increasing the target behaviors. And, there was difference in the effects between the two conditions.

Plant penetration by aphids can be monitored electrically by the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. To confirm whether some behaviors are correlated to specific graph pattern in EPG, we analyzed the two synchronized data, EPG and video records. We recorded electrical penetration graph (EPG) and behaviors of aphids simultaneously. Then we compared the behaviors of aphids with the recorded EPG waveforms in order to match their visible behaviors and invisible behaviors with stylet. The visible behaviors were categorized for walking, wagging, honeydew production, and reproduction. When the aphids were generally motionless, the EPG denoted feeding-related waveforms (E1, E2, F and G). Whereas, probing waveforms (B and pd) frequently occurred when they were wagging. We aim to present the correlation between observed behaviors and EPG patterns.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of narcissistic personality and self-esteem on the appearance management behaviors(weight, skin care, makeup, hair care, clothing selection) of female college students. The questionnaires were administrated to 362 female college students living in Gwang-ju city, Korea. For analysis of data, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Cronbach'α, regression analysis were applied. The results were summarized as follows. First. the female college students' narcissistic personality was categorized into four factors, need for administration, leadership/self-confidence, need for power/entitlement, and superiority. Second, narcissistic personality significantly influenced appearance management behaviors. The further examination of the effects showed that need for administration appeared to affect clothing selection, hair care, skin care, makeup, and weight. Third, self-esteem turned out to have positive effects on overall appearance management behaviors. The further examination of the effects showed that self-esteem appeared to affect clothing selection, skin care, hair care, makeup, and weight. The results indicated that female college students' narcissistic personality and self-esteem were important factors to their appearance management behaviors and marketing programs for fashion industries.

We surveyed 553 middle school students living in Incheon using questionnaires to compare their food behaviors and snack intake patterns according to weight groups based on BMI. Mean BMI was 20.3 for males and 19.6 for females. The rate of underweight, normalweight and overweight students was 33.3, 51.7, and 15.0%, respectively. Compared to the other two groups, the overweight students perceived their body shape more accurately (p<0.01). Regarding the reasons for skipping dinner, the most frequent answer by the underweight students was 'because of snacks', while that of the overweight students was 'to lose weight' (p<0.01). The normalweight students were found to eat a Korean traditional type breakfast more frequently than the other weight groups (p<0.05). The overweight female group was more likely to overeathabitually, whereas the normalweight and underweight groups tended to overeat when they were under stress (p<0.05). As for the amount of the snack intake, the overweight male students replied that they eat quite a lot of snacks. As a conclusion, the problems found in the underweight group were unbalanced diet and the disturbance of regular meal patterns due to inappropriate snack intake. The problems shown in the overweight group were overeating due to habit or stress, fast eating speed and large amount of snack intake.

본 연구는 H2O2가 함유된 (Na2CO3-NaHCO3) 혼합 탄산염 계에서 사용후핵연료를 산화용해할 시 U과 함께 공용해 되는 Cs, Te, Tc, Mo 등의 핵분열생성물로부터 Cs과 Tc의 선택적 침전 제거 거동을 규명하였다. Cs과 Tc은 각각 장수명 핵종으로 지하에서의 빠른 핵종 이동성과 고방열성 등으로 최종 처분 시 처분 환경 을 저해하는 핵종으로 처분 안전성 제고 측면에서 이들의 제거는 중요한 과제 중의 하나이다. Cs과 Re (Tc대용원소)의 선택적 침전제로는 각각 NaTPB, TPPCl를 선정하였으며, NaTPB에 의한 Cs 침전 및 TPPCl에 의한 Re 침전 모두 5분 이내로 매우 빠르게 이루어졌으며, 온도를 50℃, 교반속도를 1000 rpm 까지 증가 시켜도 이들의 침전 속도에는 별 영향이 없었다. NaTPB 침전 및 TPPCl 침전에 있어 가장 중요한 요인은 침전 용액의 pH 이며, 특히 TPPCl에 의한 Re의 선택적 침전의 경우 낮은 pH 에서 Mo가 Re과 공침되므로 pH 9 이상에서 수행하는 것이 효과적이다. 그리고 [NaTPB]/[Cs] 및 [TPPCl]/[Re]의 몰 농도 비 1 이상에서 Cs 및 Re을 각각 99% 이상 선택적으로 침전 제거할 수 있었다.

This study surveyed the change of housewives’ purchase behaviors by food safety incidents; the outbreak of 2008 Melamine incident in Korea as for example. 565 housewives in Gunsan were interviewed in March 2009. 52.3% of respondents were regarded as unsatisfactory for food safety management in Korea. Despite the result of scientific assessment for melamine, 74.6% of respondents were yet regarded as health-threatening substance. By the point of before, during and after Melamine-related food safety incident, we were surveyed the level of purchase for melamine-related food items as five scales, the results were 2.47 ± 0.97, 1.80 ± 0.92 and 1.62 ± 0.92, respectively (p < 0.001). After the incident happened, the purchase level was even more reduced. This study also found that there were significance difference (p < 0.05) among the respondents’ knowledge for melamine toxicity and food safety management in Korea concerning housewives’ purchase behaviors, i.e. the more accurately for melamine toxicity and higher satisfactory of consciousness of food safety, there were less change of purchase behaviors. In conclusion, the consciousness of food safety and accurate knowledge of hazards were significantly affected for the change of housewives’purchase behaviors by food safety incidents. Therefore, it can be suggested that the need for more scientific risk communication strategies with consumer.

본 연구에서는 poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO)의 막 표면에 100 ppm의 농도를 갖는 불소가스를 접촉시켜 표면불소화하였다. 표면 개질된 막의 특성을 알아보기 위하여 표면접촉각, XPS, 기체투과 실험을 수행하였다. 표면특성 분석 결과 불소처리 시간이 증가함에 따라 막 표면에 -CF2, -CF3의 perfluoro group의 결합으로 인해 막의 소수성이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 기체투과 측정으로부터 불소화시간이 증가함에 따라 기체에 대한 투과도는 감소하였으며, 불소노출이 60분 경과한 막의 경우 질소 33%, 산소 23%, 이산화탄소 3%의 감소율을 나타내었다. 선택도의 경우 질소 대비 산소의 경우 3.92로부터 4.47로, 이산화탄소에 대한 질소의 경우 18.09에서 25.4로 증가함을 얻었다.

Sexual dimorphism, the difference between sexes in secondary sexual characters, is in general driven by processes of sexual selection. The horn-headed cricket, Loxoblemmus doenitzi, exhibits sexual dimorphism in head shape, in which males have flat heads and triangular horns on both sides of their heads, whereas females have rounded heads and no horns. We hypothesized that male horns have been evolved due to intra-sexual selection in which males use these horns as weapons in aggressive interactions. To test this hypothesis, we conducted agonistic trials of field-caught males in L.doenitzi. Horn length was significantly correlated with thorax length and hind femur length. During agonistic males aggressively used their horns by beating the opponent’s horns with their horns or by poking the opponent’s body with their horns. However, the result of logistic regression analysis revealed that horn length or horn point frequency were not significant factors for contest outcome. Instead, body size was significant for determining contest outcome

Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) and mixed diboride of (Zr0.7Ta0.3)B2 containing 30 vol.% silicon carbide (SiC) composites were prepared by hot-pressing at 1800˚C. XRD analysis identified the high crystalline metal diboride-SiC composites at 1800˚C. The TaB2 addition to ZrB2-SiC showed a slight peak shift to a higher angle of 2-theta of ZrB2, which confirmed the presence of a homogeneous solid solution. Elastic modulus, hardness and fracture toughness were slightly increased by addition of TaB2. A volatility diagram was calculated to understand the oxidation behavior. Oxidation behavior was investigated at 1500˚C under ambient and low oxygen partial pressure (pO2~10-8 Pa). In an ambient environment, the TaB2 addition to the ZrB2-SiC improved the oxidation resistance over entire range of evaluated temperatures by formation of a less porous oxide layer beneath the surface SiO2. Exposure of metal boride-SiC at low pO2 resulted in active oxidation of SiC due to the high vapor pressure of SiO (g), and, as a result, it produced a porous surface layer. The depth variations of the oxidized layer were measured by SEM. In the ZrB2-SiC composite, the thickness of the reaction layer linearly increased as a function of time and showed active oxidation kinetics. The TaB2 addition to the ZrB2-SiC composite showed improved oxidation resistance with slight deviation from the linearity in depth variation.

We conducted this study to determine the factors associated with childhood obesity. The subjects were 170 preschool children in Busan. Data were collected by using questionnaires which asked for information about socioeconomic status, parental perception of their child’s weight status and dietary/physical activity behavior. BMI was calculated for each child and their classification was determined, according to their age and sex, as follows: “overweight” at or above the 85th percentile, “normal” for the 15th-85th percentile, and with a BMI below the 15th percentile the children were deemed as underweight. Classification according to BMI percentile showed that 23.5% (18.25±1.33 kg/m2) of the children were overweight, 62.9% (15.51±0.76 kg/m2) normal, and 13.5% (13.23±2.86 kg/m2) were underweight. Socioeconomic status, as represented by the parents' level of education, the occupation of the father and the household income, did not affect the results. However, mothers working outside the household was a factor that was more likely to affect the weight status (p<0.05). Among mothers whose children were overweight, 30% underestimated their children’s weight status (believing them to be of normal weight when they were overweight), and 25% failed to recognize the necessity of weight control for their overweight children. While sedentary activity and total daily activity levels were not related to BMI, the level of physically active leisure activity was inversely correlated with BMI (p<0.05). Although there were no differences in total energy intake, dietary behavior was significantly related to weight status. Overweight children had poor eating tendancies: they eat faster (in less than 15 minutes), overeat, and eat late at night. Based on our findings where hereby recommended the following interventions to help limit weight problems in Korean pre-schoolers: early promotion of active leisure behavior and healthy eating habits, along with attempting to correct parental misperception of healthy weight status for children.

목적 : 인간작업모델에 근거한 맞춤형활동프로그램이 재택치매환자의 정신행동증상과 보호자의 부담에 미치는 효 과를 알아보고 치매환자의 정신행동증상 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제시하기 위함이다. 연구방법 : 2009년 6월부터 2009년 10월까지 경기도 Y시 치매예방관리센터에 내원한 지역사회에 거주하는 치매환 자 4명을 대상으로 하였다. 인간작업모델에 근거한 맞춤형활동프로그램은 전 후 평가를 포함하여 7주 동안 주 2회 (1회 가정방문, 1회 전화점검), 총14회를 실시하였다. 결과 : 맞춤형활동프로그램 실시 전에 비하여 실시 후에 재택치매환자의 정신행동증상의 심각도와 빈도의 점수는 감소되었으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 하지만 치매환자의 정신행동증상으로 인한 보호자의 부담과 반응은 통계학적으로 유의하게 감소하였다. 결론 : 인간작업모델에 근거한 맞춤형활동프로그램은 환자의 의지가 있는 목표활동을 통하여 역할 수행에 필요한 기술을 습관화하고 규칙적인 일과를 보낼 수 있도록 함으로써 지역사회에 거주하는 치매환자의 정신행동증상 감 소와 그로 인한 보호자 부담감을 감소시키는데 효과적으로 보인다. 작업치료는 치매환자의 개인적 요소, 과제, 환 경과 작업수행의 복잡한 관계를 고려하여 근거중심의 치료활동프로그램을 개발하고 실행할 수 있으므로 치매환자 를 위한 다양한 치료적 접근에 반드시 필요하다. 향후 지역사회에 거주하는 치매환자의 정신행동증상과 보호자 부 담감소를 위한 보다 다양한 치료적 접근에 대한 연구가 필요하다.