Purpose: This study tested the health action process approach (HAPA) as a motivational model for physical activity in a longitudinal sample of 483 adults (275 males, 208 females) over a 10 week period. Methods: Participants' action self-efficacy, decision balance for exercise, perceived risk awareness and intention were measured at baseline (Time 1). Maintenance self-efficacy, action planning and action control were measured 5 weeks later (Time 2). Physical activity behavior was measured 10 weeks after baseline (Time 3). Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the HAPA model. Results: The first model showed that intention was a significant predictor of physical activity behavior. The second model, which included the volitional components of the HAPA model, did significantly increased the proportion of behavior explained. The third model showed that intention, maintenance self-efficacy and action control were positive predictors of physical activity behavior. Conclusion: Findings suggest that HAPA provides a useful framework for identifying determinants of physical activity intention and behavior within a group of middle-aged adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the differences among exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy and physical activity by gender, age, stages of changes and to identify structural relationship among exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy and physical activity of adults. Methods: Six hundred questionnaires were initially distributed to college students, company employees and sports center members. Among them, total 569 were finally used in this study(male: 288, female:281, Mage=38.36). Exercise self-schema inventory, exercise imagery inventory, exercise self-efficacy scale and weekly leisure-time exercise questionnaire were revised into Korean and applied in the study. Frequency analysis, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were carried out to test the possible relationship among exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy and physical activity. All analyses were conducted by SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18. Results: Results indicated that there was significant differences in exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy, and physical activity by gender, age, and the stages of exercise changes. And results indicated that there was positive relationship among exercise self-schema, exercise imagery, exercise self efficacy and physical activity of adults. Conclusion: This study suggests that cognitive intervention strategies aimed at exercise self-schema and exercise imagery could be significant to promote physical activity.

The objective of this study is to access the prevalence of diffuse thyroid disorders by using ultrasonography in healthy adults. Among 1535 adults who underwent thyroid ultrasonography, thyroid disorders were detected in 191 subjects (12.4%). There was a rapid increase of thyroid functional abnormalities in addition to subclinical thyroid disease with more than 3 features of diffuse thyroid disorder. Therefore we suggest that the thyroid function test and thyroid auto-antibodies should be checked when there are more than 3 features of the diffuse thyroid disorder in ultrasonographic examination, even if the patient does not have any symptoms.

Purpose: The current study explored differences in psychosocial variables by the physical activity stages in a random sample of middle aged adults, and identified the relationship of physical activity with psychosocial variables. Methods: A total of 426 adults aged from 40 to 59 years old who reside in Nowon-gu, Seoul were voluntarily participated in the study. The study participants responded stage of change scale for physical activity, global physical activity questionnaire, self-efficacy scale, decisional balance scale, and social support. Frequency analysis, descriptive analysis, MANOVA, Correlation analysis, and regression analysis were applied using SPSS 20.0. Results: Results indicated that except perceived barriers self-efficacy, perceived benefits, friend support, and family support increased significantly across the stages of physical activity. Furthermore, based on the regression analysis, the most important predictors of physical activity in a descending order of significance were family support, self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and friend support, and family support The total variance in physical activity explained by these variables was 48%. Conclusion: The present study offers a starting point for practical interventions aimed at increasing physical activity levels of middle aged adults in healthcare settings, and also encourages and supports healthcare providers who are working in the community to increase their knowledge of physical activity and its related psychosocial variables.

Purpose: Therefore, social desirability, one of common method biases, influenced the research model. This study is intended to verify the mediation effect of self-actualization in the influential relationship between quality of life and the perceived sense of freedom of middle-aged adults participating in the mountain climbing activity. Method: In order to carry out this study, 289 male and female adults who reached the top of mount K were selected through random sampling. In order to analyze data, we carried out descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation test, structural equation modeling analysis, and multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. Result: In the analysis results, correlation among all variables was shown. And it was shown that middle-aged adults' self-actualization full mediated relationship between perceived sense of freedom and quality of life. In the measurement invariance test results, the goodness-of-fit of model according to gender and age was tested. Therefore, research participants' cross validation was ensured with regard to measurement instrument. Conclusion: Through these results, in case of middle-aged adults who participated in the mountain climbing activity, it was verified that a leisure activity selected by themselves had an effect on the quality of life through self-actualization.

배 과원 문제해충의 하나인 꼬마배나무이(Cacopsylla pyricola)의 월동성충이 낳은 알에 대해 10, 13, 18, 22, 25℃에서 부화율을 조사하여 온도와 발육률에 대한 선형모형으로 Y=0.00319X + 0.00615((R2=0.809899)(Y=temp., X=dev. rate))로 도출하였고, 알에 대한 발육영점온도는 약 –1.94로 추정되었다. 포장에서 월동성충이 낳은 알이 50%를 초과하여 부화하는 시기와 2월 1일부터 일일 최고기온 6℃ 이상의 온도를 누적한 결과, 2008, 2009, 2011년에 각각 429.7, 417.6, 424.3일도였으며, 이는 만개기를 기준으로 만개 3~7일전이다. 한편 아바멕틴 유제, 석회유황합제, 기계유유제, 및 유기농업자재 13종은 월동성충이 낳은 알에 대한 살란 효과는 없는 것으로 생각되고, 배 생육기인 2012년 5월 21일, 6월 5일 2회 살포시 방제가 90% 이상을 보인 유기농업자재는 D사의 Azadiractin A+B, Nimbin, Salanin, Meliantriol, Vepol 등 혼합물 등 4종이었다.