In this study, we evaluated the anti-oxidative, whitening and anti-wrinkle effect of Tetrapanax papyriferum extract. Tetrapanax papyriferum was extracted by two different solvents which were n-Hexane, ethyl acetate. The anti-oxidant activity was measured by free radical scavenging activity using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical). And the inhibitory activities of tyrosinase for whitening effect and collagenase, elastase for anti-wrinkle were investigated. For anti-oxidant activity, ethyl acetate fraction of Tetrapanax papyriferum extract showed more significant activity than n-Hexane fraction of Tetrapanax papyriferum extract. For whitening activity, n-Hexane fraction of Tetrapanax papyriferum extract exhibited strong inhibition effects compared with reference. Therefore, Tetrapanax papyriferum extract may be useful as a new antioxidant and whitening agent.

Modern people have begun to have the nationwide interest in the rice wine called Makgeolri which is one of the traditional Korean alcoholic liquors. This study was performed to investigate the effects of Sansung Makgeolri extract (SM) on antioxidation together with the determination of pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the progress of fermentation in the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated rats. We examined the levels of SOD (superoxide dismutase),CAT (catalase), GPx (glutathione peroxidase) in liver homogenates and the histopathological observations in liver tissue. LPS-treated group markedly decreased the levels of SOD, CAT and GPx. But SM + LPS-treated group significantly increased the levels of them. Furthermore, the antioxidative effects of SM were supported by the histopathological observations in liver tissue which showed severe inflammation and necrosis in LPS-treated group,compared to the attenuated inflammation and necrosis in SM + LPS-treated group. This results suggested that SM could be a candidate of antioxidative material in spite of alcoholic liquors.

In this study, we evaluated the anti-oxidative, anti-wrinkle and whitening effect of Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract. Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke was extracted by two different solvents which were n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The anti-oxidant activity was measured by free radical scavenging activity using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical). And the inhibitory activities of tyrosinase for whitening effect and collagenase for anti-wrinkle were investigated. For anti-oxidant activity and whitening activity, ethyl acetate fraction of Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract showed more significant activity than n-hexane fraction of Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract. For anti-wrinkle activity, ethyl acetate fraction of Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract exhibited strong inhibition effects compared with reference. Therefore, Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke extract may be useful as a new antioxidant and anti-aging agent.

The colored sweet potato, particularly purple sweet potato, has been well known to contain anthocyanins abundantly. This study was conducted to examine the antioxidant properties of purple sweet potato. The chopped purple sweet potato was extracted 2 times with water or acetone for 18 hours at . The antioxidative potential of each solvent extract was assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging activity assay, FRAP assay, and total phenolic contents. The results showed that both extracts had not only high DPPH free radical scavenging activity but had high level of total phenolic compounds. Furthermore, both solvent extracts were found to have antioxidative effects in human colon cancer cells (HCT 116, HT 29) in DCFDA assay. The notable antioxidant activity of purple sweet potato suggests its significant health benefit and deserves further study to develop into functional food ingredient.

In an attempt to find natural sources of antioxidants and whitening agents, Comparisons of the antioxidative and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of various ethanol extracts of Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Acanthopanacis Cortex were carried out. Comparison of the four ethanol extracts revealed that, Astragali Radix had the highest electron-donating ability(72.5%) and the highest SOD-like ability(26.1%). The xanthine oxidase experiment exhibited a hindrance effect of 88.5% in Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, 81.1% in Acanthopanacis Cortex, 75.8% in Astragali Radix. A tyrosinase inhibitory activity assay was conducted to evaluate the whitening effects of the extracts, The tyrosinase inhibitory activity was 42.1% in the Acanthopanacis Cortex, 37.2% in the Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, 6.0% in the Astragali Radix. Based on these results, we suggest that the ethanol extracts of Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Acanthopanacis Cortex can be used as food and cosmetic ingredients.

In order to fine antioxidant and whitening agent source from nature, the comparisons of antioxidative activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity were carried out for various ethanol extract on Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Polygonati Rhizoma and Ephedrae Herba. Comparing for three ethanol extracts, the highest electron donating ability was found at Polygonati Rhizoma (86.6%), but, the highest SOD-like ability, at the Ephedrae Herba (47.8%). Xanthine oxidase experiment exhibited 95.7% of hindrance effect in Ephedrae Herba, and 84.0% in Polygonati Rhizoma. A tyrosinase inhibitory activity assay was conducted to evaluate the whitening effects of the extracts, The tyrosinase inhibitory activity was 6.5% in the Polygoni Multiflori Radix, 32.6% in the Polygonati Rhizoma, 64.0% in the Ephedrae Herba. Based on these results, we suggest that the ethanol extracts of Polygoni Multiflori Radix, Polygonati Rhizoma and Ephedrae Herba can be used as food and cosmetic ingredients.

This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Lycii fructus in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose 45mg/kg.b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer(pH4.5). The ethanol extract of Lycii fructus was orally administrated once a day for 7 days. The contents of serum glucose, total cholesterol were significantly decreaed (p<0.05) in Lycii fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group, also content of Triglyceride (TG), Altherogenic index (AI) were decreased, but not statistically significant. But high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio (HTR) were increased in Lycii fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6PDH), glutathione-s-transferase(GST), superoxide dismutase(SOD) were significantly increased(p<0.05), glucose-6-phos-phatase(G-6pase)was significantly decreased(p<0.05) and The glutathione(GSH), glucokinase(GK) were increased. But not statistically significant In Lycii fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group These results indicated that ethanol extract of Lycii fructus would have antidiabetic and antioxidant effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

The extraction yield of Corni fructus was about 47.5% by extract apparatus. This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidative effects of Corni fructus in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The contents of serum glucose, total cholesterol and hepatic lipid peroxide, glutathione were significantly decreaed (p<0.05) in Corni fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group, also content of triglyceride (TG), atherogenic index (AI) and activity of catalase were decreased, but not statistically significant. High density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio (HTR) were increased in Corni fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly decreaed (p<0.05) in Corni fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. The content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6 PDH), glucokin-ase were significantly increased, but activity of glucose-Grphosphatase (G-6 Pase)was decreased in Corni fructus treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. Therefore, these results indicated that ethanol extract of Corni fructus would have antidiabetic and antioxidative effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

지하 943 m(3 호공)로부터 취수한 경산 광천수의 유·무기성분을 분석한 결과 총 17종류의 성분 중 무기물은 11종류가 검출 되었으며 무기성분 중에서는 나트륨과 칼슘 성분이 많이 함유되어 있는 것이 특징 이었다. 그리고 구리와 납과 같은 중금속과 탄산가스 및 유화수소 검출되지 않았다. 그리고 항산화 활성, 항돌연변이원성 및 인간 암세포 성장억제 실험 결과 항산화 활성에서는 비교적 약한 활성을 나타내었다. MNNG, 4NQO, Trp-P-1 및 B(α)P와 같은 돌연변이원을 이용한 미생물 수준에서의 항돌연변이원성 실험 결과 S. typehimurium TA98에 대해서 간접변이 원인 Trp-P-1은 시료 농도 200μg/plate 첨가 시 54%의 억제활성을 보였으며 B(α)P 및 Trp-P-1에 대해서도 각각 67%와 63%의 높은 억제활성을 나타내었다. 그리고 광천수의 항암활성을 규명하기 위한 암세포 성장억제 효과에서는 시료농도 50 μg/well 첨가 시 A549, Hela, AGS 및 MCF-7에 대해서 각각 66%, 45.6%, 37.7% 및 47.6%의 억제효과를 나타내었다. 또한 인간 정상 신세포 293에 대한 온천수 농도에 따른 세포독성 효과는 20% 이하는 낮은 생육 억제율을 보였으며 이것은 광천수가 정상세포에 대해서는 비교적 낮은 독성효과를 나타냄을 알 수 있었다.

삼백초가 TCDD 투여로 유발된 rat의 간손상에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 NTT, TTA, STT군의 3군으로 각각 10마리씩 나누어 TCDD를 투여하고 4주 동안 물질을 투여하였다. 4주 후 희생시켜서 생체 내 간 조직 활성 효과 및 항산화 효과를 관찰한 결과 1. AST 활성도는 STT군이 TTA군과 비교해서 70.05%의 억제 효과를 보였다. 반면에, ALT활성도는 STT군이 TTA군에 비해 24.00% 감소하였으며, 64.80%의 억제 효과를 보였다. 2. SOD는 TTA군이 NTT군보다 137.78% 감소하였으며, STT군은 TTA군에 비해 81.94%로 상승되었다. Catalase는 TTA군은 NTT군 보다 199.13% 감소하였으며, STT군의 catalase 활성도는 TTA 군과 비교하여 52.48% 증가하였고 55.45%의 회복율을 보였다. 3. TTA군의 GSH함량은 NTT군 보다 291.29% 감소하고 STT군은 TTA군과 비교하여 74.20% 증가하였으며, 98.72%로 회복되었다. TTA군의 GSSG함량은 NTT꾼 보다 46.80% 증가하였고 STT군의 간 조직중의 GSSG 함량은 TTA군과 비교하여 61.08% 감소하였으며, 81.01%로 억제되었다.

The purposes of this study were to investigate the Maillard reactions of some oligosaccharides with lysine and the antioxidative effects of the ethanol extracts from their reaction mixtures on the soybean oil. The Maillard reactions were carried out of 2% oligosaccharides such as palatinose (PN), fructooligosaccharide (FO), isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO) with 2% lysine (L) for 24 hours heating at 60, 80, 100℃. The color intensity of Maillard reaction mixtures were determined by UV-VIS spectrophotometer upon reaction time and temperature. And the antioxidative effects on the soybean oil of each ethanol extract from Maillard reaction mixture of each oligosaccharide were measured by peroxide value (POV). POV's of soybean oil including reaction extracts were determined regularly every 2 days during 20 days storaged at 60±1℃. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The color intensity of the Maillard reaction mixtures were raised highly as the browning temperature and time increased. The color intensity of PN L browning mixture was the highest. The order of high color intensity at 100℃ was PN L〉FO L〉Glu L〉IMO L. 2. Comparing the antioxidative effect of Maillard reaction product (at 100℃, for 12 hours) of each oligosaccharide to that of BHT and TBHQ, the order of high antioxidative effect was TBHQ〉IMO L〉BHT〉Glu L〉PN L〉FO L. 3. From these results, it was known that PN L shown as high brown color intensity was appeared low antioxidative effect, while IMO L shown as low brown color intensity was appeared high antioxidative effect. So, it was recognized that there was no relation between brown color intensity and antioxidative effect.

Background : In this study, we have examined antioxidative effects and antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts of several plant resources (three varieties of Asimina triloba L., Momordica charantia L., Psidium guajava L. and Alium ampeloprasum L.) Methods and Results : The antioxidant activities were assayed by five methods based on total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, scavenging of DPPH, ABTS and reducing power analysis. Total polyphenol contents was the highest in Psidium guajava and Mango, the varieties of Asimina triloba as the contents of 95.85, 95.81 ㎎/g, respectively. Total flavonoid content was the highest in Psidium guajava (54.3 ㎎/g). DPPH free radical scavening activity of all extracts was ranged from 10.5 - 85.8%, and significantry great activities was found at Psidium guajava leaf. Methanol extracts of Psidium guajava and Asimina triloba showed showed greater ABTS scavening activities compared to others. Reducing power of all extracts was linearly proportional to the concentration. Especially, the extracts of Psidium guajava and three varieties of Asimina triloba showed greater reducing power than that of other resources. The antimicrobial activities of extracts were tested by paper disc assay and minimum inhibitory concentration test. Antimicrobial activity of Psidium guajava leaf extract was shown relatively high activity against all investigated strains. Conclusion : The results suggest that Psidium guajava leaf extract be a new functional cosmetic ingredient with antioxidant effect and antimicrobial activity.

본 연구에서는 그라비올라(Annona muricata) 잎으로부터 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획 및 아글리콘 분획을 제조하였고 이들 추출물/분획에 대하여 항산화 활성을 평가하였다. 1,1-Phenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 라디칼 시험법을 이용한 자유라디칼 소거 활성, 루미놀 발광법을 이용한 총 항산화능 및 1O2 소광 효과를 평가하였다. 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획 및 아글리콘 분획의 라디칼 소거 활성 (FSC50)은 각각 45.6, 29.8 및 18.0 μ g/mL이었고, 총 항산화능(OSC50)은 4.4, 1.1 및 2.8 μ g/mL이었다. 에틸 아세테이트 분획의 총 항산화능은 수용성 항산화제로 잘 알려진 L-ascorbic acid (1.5 μ g/mL)보다 높은 항산 화능을 나타내었다. 1O2 소광 상수 실험 결과, 에틸아세테이트 및 아글리콘 분획은 비교물질로 사용된 L-ascorbic acid와 유사한 활성을 보여주었다. 1O2으로 유도된 적혈구 세포 손상에 있어서, 그라비올라 잎 50% 에탄 올 추출물은 농도 의존적(5-50 μ g/mL)으로 세포보호 활성을 나타내었다. 실험에 사용된 그라비올라 잎 추출 물의 에틸아세테이트 분획과 아글리콘 분획에 대하여 TLC 및 HPLC를 이용한 성분 분석을 수행하였다. 에틸아 세테이트 분획에서는 rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside), kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside, nicotiflorin (kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside), p-coumaric acid을 확인하였다. 아글리콘 분획에서는 kaempferol이 존재함을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과들은 그라비올라 잎 추출물이 항산화 화장품 원료로서 응용 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.

Background: Valeriana fauriei (Valerianaceae) has been used to as a traditional medicine to treat a variety of symptoms, including headache, insomnia, hypertension, and menstrual irregularity. However, the present study investigates the species' antioxidant activity and its inhibition of oxidative DNA damage, which have yet to be studied.Methods and Results:The antioxidant activity was assessed using radical scavenging assays with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and, 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6 sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and a reducing power assay. The total phenol content was also analyzed, and phenolic compounds were detected using HPLC/UV, whereas the inhibitory effect of Valeriana fauriei on oxidative DNA damage was measured using φ-174 RF I plasmid DNA cleavage assay. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity were 75.17 ± 3.55% and 95.83 ± 0.63%, repectively, and the reducing power was 93.14 ± 1.74 at 200 μg/ml. The total phenol content was 10.24 ± 0.04 ㎎/g, whereas chlorogenic acid, catechin, caffeic acid and epicatechin were identified using HPLC/UV, and the φ-174 RF I plasmid DNA cleavage assay indicated that V. fauriei provided protection against oxidative damage.Conclusions:The results of the present study suggest that V. fauriei has powerful antioxidant activity that can provide protective effects against the oxidative DNA damage caused by free radicals. The species, therefore, provides a valuable resource for the development of natural pharmaceutical to treat aging, cancer, and degenerative diseases.

We investigated the antioxidative and protective effects of corn silk (Zea mays L.) ethanol extracts on human HaCaT cells and erythrocytes. The NICS-2 fraction, extracted from corn silk, exhibited favorable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activities with IC50valuesof13.3± 0.3 μg/mL and 14.2 ± 0.1 μg/mL when compared with those of α-tocopherol, a positive control, with IC50=10.4± 02.2 and 22.2 ± 3.6 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, we investigated skin protection effects of NICS extracts of corn silk in HaCaT keratinocytes. To investigate the pharmacological potential of NICS-1 and NICS-2 extracts of corn silk on UV-B-induced damage in HaCaT cells, we measured the activity of interleukin (IL) 1a. Our results showed that all the corn silk extracts inhibited the UV-B-induced activity of IL-1a. In particular, NICS-1 extracts of corn silk significantly suppressed IL-1a activity in a dose-dependent manner without inducing cytotoxicity. These results indicate that the ethanol extracts of corn silk (Zea mays L.) could function as natural cytoprotective agents and antioxidants in biological systems, particularly the skin exposed to UV radiation, by protecting cellular membrane against reactive oxygen species (ROS).