This study aims to provide a real-time information to the driver by effectively operating the advanced safety device attached to the freight vehicle, thereby minimizing insecure behavior of the driver such as speeding, rapid acceleration, sudden braking, And improve driving habits to prevent accidents and save energy. Advanced safety equipment is a device that warns the driver that the vehicle leaves the driving lane regardless of the intention of the driver and reduces the risk of traffic accidents by mitigating or avoiding collision by detecting a frontal collision during driving.The main contents of this report are as follows: In case of installing a warning device on a lane departing vehicle (excluding a light vehicle) and a lorry or special vehicle with a total weight exceeding 3.5 tonnes, the driver must continue to operate unless the driver releases the function.In addition, when the automatic emergency braking system is installed, the structure should be such that the braking device is operated automatically after warning the driver when the risk of collision with the running or stopped vehicle in the same direction is detected in front of the driving lane.

The objective€of this study is to analyze the needs and€determine the requirements of€elder drivers for effectively€using In-vehicle Information Systems (IVIS), by reducing cognitive and physical impact on this vulnerable group. The persona method was used to determine the relevant characteristics of older drivers. Task analysis was performed in order to obtain general interaction problems of the personas when using a common function of recent days IVIS. The results were classified in the different usability goals as general requirements, specific needs. This study suggest improvement directions in order to develop an elderly friendly IVIS; in addition, different usability metrics were suggested. In this way, elder drivers would easily interact with new powerful functions supplied by IVIS of modern cars; while improving safety and comfort of an rapidly aging society.

In this paper, a study on noise reduction characteristics of the precast floating track system, being developed as measures to mitigate noise and vibration of existing as well as constructing elevated railroad stations, is presented using numerical analysis. One of the most prominent sound analysis program, Virtual Lab., is utilized in investigating noise reduction performance of the precast floating track system, and structural velocity data, obtained from vibration analysis on a model-updated elevated railroad station considering vehicle-track-structure interaction, are used for the input of the sound analysis. The sound analysis is performed using the finite element method, and noise reduction performance before and after installing the precast floating track system is compared at three enclosed areas in the Daecheon Station, selected as a representative of elevated railroad stations in this nation. From the comparison result, it is seen that the precast floating track system can decrease noise by average of 5dB∼8dB when the Saemaeul train passing through the station and 10dB∼15dB when the KTX train passing through. Also, the noise reduction characteristics is different depending on the type of train and the distance from the track.

본 연구는 현재 국내에서 이용되고 있는 차량소독시스템을 개선하기 위해 차량소독용 침수조 및 터널 에 대한 설계기준을 마련하고자 실시되었다. 이를 위해 본 연구팀이 고안한 차량소독용 침수조 및 터널 시제품에 대한 평가를 실시했으며, 침수조에 대한 평가항목은 침수조에 의한 차량 바퀴 오염물 제거 효 과, 침수조 턱 높이의 적정성, immersion heater의 사용가능 여부였으며, 터널에 대한 평가항목은 터 널의 방풍효과, 열풍기의 사용가능 여부였다. 실험 결과, 침수조에 의한 차량 바퀴의 오염물 제거 효과 와 터널에 의한 방풍효과는 매우 우수하게 나타났다. 그러나 침수조 내 immersion heater에 의한 소독 약액의 가온이 충분히 이루어지지 않았으며, 여러 가지 안전사고의 위험이 있었기 때문에 immersion heater 대신 보일러를 이용하는 것이 바람직 할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 터널 내 열풍기에 의한 기온 및 차량 표면온도의 상승효과가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났기 때문에 열풍기는 이용하지 않는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다. 더불어 소형 승용차가 침수조를 원활히 통행하기 위해서는 침수조 턱의 높이를 50mm 정도로 낮추어 설계하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.

The limitations and problems of the rechargeable battery and short mileage per one electric charging have not been overcome at the electric vehicles. To solve these problems, the hybrid vehicle has been developed by securing the performance of automotive with the conventional internal combustion engine and the environmental benefit. Meanwhile, the electric UTV (utility terrain vehicle) which has this environmental benefit has been widely used for factories, parks, leisure and agricultural areas. In this study, the electric UTV was fabricated and attached the auxiliary power drive systems including the photovoltaic power generation system into this electric vehicle in order to make up the hybrid (motor + photovoltaic) vehicle system. As the range of the hybrid UTV would be extended over 20% than that of the existing golf cart per one electric charging through this successful development, the dynamic stiffness was improved through light-weight body design.

The current disinfection method of vehicles being applied in South Korea has various shortcomings. So, the epidemic has generated continuously at livestock farms. It is very important to develop an effective disinfection system for reduction of the epidemic. And various basic data is required for this development. Therefore, this study was performed to identify the nozzle type and proper discharge pressure of sprayers. The experiment was conducted from January 10, 2012 until February 28, 2012. All the performance measurement experiments were repeated five times. The subjects of experiment were the A, B and C company’s products. The sprayed capacity, angle of spray and the covering area ratio were measured for each product. As a result, the sprayed capacity, angle of spray and the covering area ratio were increased as the discharge pressure of the sprayer was increased. In conclusion, the conical shaped of the nozzle is considered more appropriate than V-shaped, and the proper discharge pressure is expected to be at least 20kg/cm2.

Because of environmental pollution and lack of resources, necessity of energy efficiency improvement and reduction of exhaust gas emission and CO2 have grown in importance. Therefore a lot of studies are conducted for HEV(hybrid electric vehicle) and PHEV(plug-in hybrid electric vehicle). In addition, automobile companies are researching and manufacturing HEV and PHEV. Due to cost and time problem, simulation is preferred than experimental test to find better component size for efficiency improvement. In this research, backward simulation program is developed base on Dynamic Programming. Using this simulation program, fuel economy sensitivities for each parameter are analyzed and compared. Fuel economy is measured for a combined cycle that is calculated from FTP-75 and HWFET cycle. The target parameters are front/rear power train efficiency, drag coefficient, vehicle mass, rolling resistance coefficient, tire radius, center of gravity. The most sensitive parameter is front power train efficiency and second is drag coefficient. Rear power train efficiency, vehicle mass, rolling resistance coefficient are third, forth and fifth. By comparing sensitivities, we can choose a better way to improve fuel economy of HEV.

PURPOSES: This study was initiated to estimate expressway traffic congestion costs by using Vehicle Detection System (VDS) data. METHODS : The overall methodology for estimating expressway traffic congestion costs is based on the methodology used in a study conducted by a study team from the Korea Transport Institute (KOTI). However, this study uses VDS data, including conzone speeds and volumes, instead of the volume delay function for estimating travel times. RESULTS : The expressway traffic congestion costs estimated in this study are generally lower than those observed in KOTI's method. The expressway lines that ranked highest for traffic congestion costs are the Seoul Ring Expressway, Gyeongbu Expressway, and the Youngdong Expressway. Those lines account for 64.54% of the entire expressway traffic congestion costs. In addition, this study estimates the daily traffic congestion costs. The traffic congestion cost on Saturdays is the highest. CONCLUSIONS : This study can be thought of as a new trial to estimate expressway traffic congestion costs by using actual traffic data collected from an entire expressway system in order to overcome the limitations of associated studies. In the future, the methodology for estimating traffic congestion cost is expected to be improved by utilizing associated big-data gathered from other ITS facilities and car navigation systems.

본 연구는 겨울철에 상대적으로 낮은 기온으로 인하여 소독효과가 저하되는 기존의 차량소독시스템을 개선함으로써 우리나라의 겨울철에도 차량소독장치의 분무노즐로부터 분사되는 소독약액이 동결되지 않 고 분무 시 소독약액의 온도가 유효온도인 15∼20℃ 범위 내에서 유지되도록 하여 농장출입차량에 대 한 소독효과를 높여 가축전염병에 대한 차단방역이 확실히 이뤄지도록 하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위 해 분사 후 소독약액의 온도가 유효온도 범위 내에서 유지되도록 하기 위한 소독약액탱크 내 소독약액 의 적정온도 및 펌프와 분무노즐 사이에 있는 호스와 분무노즐의 동결을 방지하기 위한 열선의 용량을 결정했다. 기온이 –25℃인 상황을 가정하여 실험한 결과, 분사되는 소독약액의 온도를 유효온도의 하한 치인 15℃ 이상으로 유지하기 위한 소독약액 탱크 내 소독약액의 온도는 약 30℃이었으며, 호스와 분무 노즐의 동결을 방지하기 위한 열선의 용량은 26W m-1 이상이었다.

data. Recent developments in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology provide cost effective and real time applications for site specific data collection. For the mapping of herbage biomass (BM) on a hill pasture, we tested a UAV system with digital cameras (visible and near-infrared (NIR) camera). The field measurements were conducted on the grazing hill pasture at Hanwoo Improvement Office, Seosan City, Chungcheongnam-do Province, Korea on May 17 and June 27, 2014. Plant samples were obtained from 28 sites. A UAV system was used to obtain aerial photos from a height of approximately 50 m (approximately 30 cm spatial resolution). Normalized digital number (DN) values of Red and NIR channels were extracted from the aerial photos and a normalized differential vegetation index using DN (NDVIdn) was calculated. The results show that the correlation coefficient between BM and NDVIdn was 0.88. For the precision management of hilly grazing pastures, UAV monitoring systems can be a quick and cost effective tool to obtain site-specific herbage BM data.

In this paper, the design of hydraulic system for leveling control of a large vehicle was developed. The hydraulic system for leveling control was consisted of four hydraulic actuators and two gravity referenced inclinometer. In order to verify the effectiveness of leveling system via simulation, Hydraulic actuators, vehicle and control algorithm were modeled using ADAMS which is a commercial dynamic analysis software for multi-body system. The test and simulation results of hydraulic actuator were compared and it showed the properness of simulation model. The effectiveness of hydraulic system and leveling control algorithm were verified via simulation results.

Vehicle crash analysis a lot of time and manpower in preprocessing for analysis rather than analysis in analytical studies of the situation that is being committed. In this studies involving conflict with an existing automation system of the body is mainly optimized for a particular field, and researchers think that is an inconvenience that can be used in stone until a comprehensive analysis of the bodywork of each study. Therefore, it is very important to development of automotive system for vehicle crash analysis, the research related studies were carried out. In this study, vehicle crash analysis is performed against that can be used for multiple and effectively utilized by system based meshing in an aim to reduce the time and resource that by developing an automotive system. The results of the study, it was possible to construct an automated system the more time consuming mesh generation for vehicle crash analysis.

본 연구는 빠른 운항 속도와 짧은 운용 시간을 요구하는 임무에 활용될 저가 소형 자율 무인잠수정에 고가 대형 관성 측정 장치를 대신하여 사용할 수 있는 저가 소형 자세 측정 장치 개발 및 성능 검증을 수행하였다. 저가 소형 자세 측정 장치 개발을 위해서 MEMS 기술을 적용한 gyro, accelerometer 및 magnetometer 채택하여 MEMS 기반 하드웨어를 제작하였으며, 좌표 변환 공식과 칼만필터를 적용하여 자세 계산 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 또한 개발된 MEMS 기반 자세 측정 장치에 대한 기본 성능 검증을 위한 지자기센서 검증 시험, 정적 자세 시험, 차량 시험, 운동 모사 장치 시험을 수행하였으며, 각각 시험 결과를 제시하였다. 지자기센서 검증 시험 결과 외부 자기장 보정을 통하면 개발된 MEMS 기반 자세 측정 장치의 측정 결과가 외부 자기장에 강인함을 확인하였으며, 정적자세 시험 및 차량 시험을 통하여 자세 변화가 크지 않는 환경에서 자세 측정 오차가 0.5°/hr 임을 확인하였다. 운동 모사 장치 시험을 통하여 5분 내외 자세 변화가 큰 운동 중에도 자세 측정 오차가 발산하지 않고 1°/hr 이내임을 확인하였다. 상기 시험 결과로부터 개발된 MEMS 기반 자세 측정 장치가 목표 성능인 1°/hr이내 roll, pitch, yaw 오차를 보여주고 있음 확인하였으며, 이로부터 20분 내외 운용시간 동안 정확한 자세 정보 제공 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

In this research, the heat and flow analysis in a condenser of vehicle HVAC system was investigated numerically regarding the different shapes of the condenser tube. The velocity, pressure, and temperature distribution of the test fluid(R-134A) inside the tube were numerically calculated for the optimum design of the condenser tube for two different length with four different inlet velocities. In addition, the local pressure and temperature distributions for total tube length were calculated and the variation of pressure drop of the R-134A with flow rate were also calculated numerically. The tube at case 1 with less curved elbows was determined for the better design than case 2 in the aspect of energy-effective shape of the condenser tube.

The quarter car test rig is designed and constructed for testing the performance of a vehicle active suspension system. The performance of the optimal variable structure controller is tested to compare with those of a passive suspension system and the simulation result. The dynamic characteristics of the PCV(pressure control valve) is tested, and based on this result, the lead compensator is designed for reducing the dynamic effects of the PCV. The performance of an active suspension system with the compensator gives almost that of an ideal active suspension system. From the frequency response analysis of which input is a white noise, the active suspension system shows the better performance than a passive suspension system around 1Hz which is the natural frequency of the sprung mass.

Experimental analysis has been carried out to investigate oil temperature control characteristics of the hydraulic system in a special vehicle. Hydraulic system performance is largely affected by oil temperature, and there are considerable malfunctions in the system for high temperature conditions caused by heavy load and continuous operation. Oil pressure in the hydraulic system decreases with oil temperature, and its variation rate becomes less steep as oil temperature increases. There is severe time delay for oil temperature control due to the operation of heat exchanger system, and it depends on the oil flow rate and pressure in the system. These results in this study can be applied to the design of automatic thermal control system in the special vehicle hydraulic system.

Experimental analysis has been carried out to investigate thermal characteristics of hydraulic system in special vehicles. Hydraulic system performance is largely influenced by oil temperature, and there are considerable performance decline and malfunctions in the system for high temperature conditions caused by heavy load and continuous operation. Transient oil temperature and pressure variation are analyzed and heat generation rates in the several main system parts are compared for various flow rates. With the start of system operation oil temperature gradually increases, and viscosity deceases by about 70% as temperature increases from 20℃ to 80℃. Operation pressure in the hydraulic system decreases with oil temperature, and its variation rate becomes less steep as oil temperature increases. Heat generation rate in hydraulic pump also depends on the oil temperature, and it reaches maximum near 50℃. These results in this study can be applied to optimal design of efficient hydraulic system in special vehicles.

This paper addresses the analysis of the travel distance and order picking time of the vehicle in a aisle when items are picked by the batch in a warehouse system. Batching is to combine several orders in a single tour of the storage/retrieval machine. An