In this paper, we have studied about the Energy Storage System (ESS) for renewable energy such as wind and solar energy by using Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). The BESS, by using Li-Ion battery, takes the advantage of high energy density. The ESS is composed of a large number of the battery. It is necessary to stabilize the temperature of the battery in order to improve the performance of the ESS. To improve the performance of ESS, Using as a program to analysis the container internal flow and heat distribution. The use of the battery to the stable and suggest in the initial battery array design of the heat concentration phenomenon in the battery array
Micro structure observation for low carbon steel base material and heat treatment(annealing), performing a tensile test and impact test, the specimen after the impact test is intended to evaluate the crack propagation characteristics by performing a fractal dimension analysis. The tensile strength of the base materials were observed higher compared to the heat treated materials, impact absorbed energy of heat treated materials was a higher than base materials. Impact Test and fractal dimension of the side of the test specimen was shown significantly more test temperature increases, heat treated material was higher than the base material
The heat transfer characteristics of a spiral type EGR cooler for a diesel engine are numerically analyzed to investigate the performance of EGR cooler. The commercial code FLUENT is utilized to simulate a single spiral tube with constant wall temperature conditions. The numerical analysis is performed with the variation of exhaust gas flow rate. The results show that as mass flow rate increases, temperature difference between inlet and outlet and efficiency become lower, while heat flux gets higher. The empirical correlation is derived in forms of Nusslet number and Reynolds number based on the numerical results.
Recently, the light weight and the safety of automobile are the important targets of automotive design and the parts for car have been substituted the plastic or the porous material for the steel material. As the aluminium foam has many pores at its surface, it has the fatigue property of bonded face which differs from general material. In this study, two dimensional model is designed and performed with the fatigue analysis as the variable(θ value) becomes the slant angle of bonded face at the specimen with the aluminium foam. As the analysis result on the models with the slant angles of 6°, 8° and 10°, the bonding forces are disappeared when the fatigue loads are repeated during 4000 cycle, 4500cycle and 5000cycle respectively. By comparing with the analysis results of three models, the fatigue cycle to endure fatigue load becomes larger as the slant bonded angle becomes higher. So, the structural safety can be seen by applying only as only a simulation of finite element method instead of the experiment where much cost and time is spent. In this study, the configuration of aluminum foam is designed with the shape of TDCB Mode II. The shear fatigue strength of the bonded structure can be evaluated by the analysis program of ANSYS.
LED industry in the world, is rapidly emerging as an important policy means of each countries for climate change, saving energy and international environmental regulations. And incandescent bulb regulatory policy in each country is the role of growth catalysts for the LED lamp industry, it is expected to increase research and investment for the LED package in the future. However, In spite of the growth of the LED lamp industry, the price of the world LED lamp has been declining more than 30% per year and it is accelerating further. Therefore, an alternative techniques for high performance and cost reduction of the LED lamp has been studied. In this study, we studied the aluminum extrusion product inserted heat sink as a one of the alternative techniques which can improve the thermal efficiency and reducing costs. As a result, radiant heat effect was improved around 44.5% higher than the thermally conductive resin heat sink
In this study, we carried out interrupted cutting of carbon steel for machine structure(SM20C) with uncoated carbide tool and analyzed anova test and confidence interval to find influential factor to surface roughness, and obtained regression equation. Rhe results are follows: First, we found that affected factor to surface roughness in interrupted cutting was feed rate. Secondly, the cutting speed and depth of cut was small affected to surface roughness. Finally, from multi-regression analysis of interrupted cutting experimental result, obtained regression equation and it’s coefficient determination was 0.814 and it means that regression equation was predictable. Compared with other continuous cutting, if feed rate increase, surface roughness will grow in interrupted cutting.
In this paper, the 5 joint toggle link of an injection molding machine is optimized. A model considering toggle link kinematics, frictions at the pin joints, and stiffness is verified by a finite element analysis(FEA) and a measured result. The FEA was carried out by the commercial FEA software ANSYS and the clamping force was calculated by measuring the tie-bar deformation of the molding machine. The influence on the maximum clamping force and stroke ratio are analyzed for the length variations of links. Based on the mathematical model and design parameter, the clamping force, the stroke ratio, and the maximum stroke of moving plate are optimized by using the response surface method(RSM) for the length of the toggle link, where the lager-the-better, the norminal-is-best, and the smaller-the-better characteristics are applied for the clamping force, the stroke ratio, and the maximum stroke of moving plate.
The steam table in saturated and superheated region was modeled simultaneously using the neural networks. A variable was introduced to distinguish between the saturation and the superheat. The relative errors were compared with the quadratic spline interpolation method. The relative errors by the neural networks were superior to those by the quadratic spline interpolation method over almost all ranges of temperatures and properties. The overall errors in the saturated region were better than those in the superheated region. From the analysis, it was confirmed that the neural networks could be a very powerful tool for simultaneous modeling of superheated and saturated steam table
The dynamic interaction of liquid droplets emerging from the gas diffusion layer surface is modeled to study the behavior of liquid water inside the gas channel of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with the volume of fluid (VOF) formulation. The surface contact angle of gas diffusion layer is varied as 45, 90, and 140 degrees. The air inlet velocity in the gas channel is varied as 5, 10, and 15 m/s. The water inlet velocity from micro pores is varied as 0.5, 1, and 2 m/s. As the contact angle increases, water coverage ratio increases. As the air inlet velocity and the water inlet velocity increase, water droplets move faster toward the channel exit as evidenced from the water front location plots. In summary, the hydrophobic wall contact angle and higher air/water inlet velocities provide better water removal characteristics.
Vehicle crash analysis a lot of time and manpower in preprocessing for analysis rather than analysis in analytical studies of the situation that is being committed. In this studies involving conflict with an existing automation system of the body is mainly optimized for a particular field, and researchers think that is an inconvenience that can be used in stone until a comprehensive analysis of the bodywork of each study. Therefore, it is very important to development of automotive system for vehicle crash analysis, the research related studies were carried out. In this study, vehicle crash analysis is performed against that can be used for multiple and effectively utilized by system based meshing in an aim to reduce the time and resource that by developing an automotive system. The results of the study, it was possible to construct an automated system the more time consuming mesh generation for vehicle crash analysis.
This paper is focused on an optimal design of two degree of freedom (2-DOF) dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) for the simply supported damped beam subject to a harmonic force excitation. In order to achieve this aim, we first show how to define the objective function of optimal design problem for 2-DOF DVA. Second, we apply the cyclic topology-based particle swarm optimization (PSO) to find the optimal design parameters of 2-DOF DVA. Finally, some numerical results are compared with those of conventional researches, which demonstrates a reliability of the proposed design method
A part of engine torque is used to overcome the interior friction and to accelerate engine inertia. To enhance the driveability at the clutch slip control of AMT(Automated Manual Transmission) or parallel type hybrid system, it is important to know the exact drving torque of clutch. In this study, engine friction and rotational inertia are estimated by using LMS(Least Mean Square) method with vehicle test result. To verify the validity of method, the performance of vehicle is simulated with adjusted parameters. The test result and simulation result show the similar trend.
In many fire emergencies, the auditory fire alarm signals are very important to save the occupant’s life. In this study, the frequency analysis results of fire engine alarm are investigated. Noise level of middle size fire engine is higher more than small and large size fire engine. An alarms of fire engine are YELP, HI-LO, WAIL, PA etc and main frequency range are consist with two parts. The proposed method for subjective evaluation of fire engine are speech interference level and loudness level.
IR camera has been used widely for the temperature measurement and fault detection of the moving bodies and rotating bodies. The high-speed performance of the IR camera and a reliable thermal analysis method are required for the condition monitoring of the railway vehicle running at high speed. The effective fault detection method using a thermal image analysis could make a real time monitoring of the high speed train possible. Therefore the investigation of the performance of the thermal image analysis method was performed to find the effective thermal image data analysis method. The results suggested that the comparison of the characteristics of the temperatures obtained at different conditions and a continuous temperature subtraction method could be used as a useful analysis method for detecting abnormal temperature condition and histogram equalization could also help to enhance the fault detectability by increasing the contrast of the thermal image
This study proposes automation measures of anti-collision detection within EMS(Electrical Mono Rail System). EMS is a full automation transport equipment mainly used in production process, such as car manufacturing planets, electronic factories and food processing plants among manufactures. This research paper presents a plan for creating a smart EMS and overcoming an weakness of EMS. The mechanical strength and durability are ensured in the expected major collision region by performing a CAE analysis. Automated equipment has to respond to a sudden accident which is based on the self-image recording function and wireless transmission function. This equipment will record a sudden crash course in real time and record it. This record eventually becomes known to distant places with users. Because of this equipment, the unexpected accident is prevented and is reduced a human damage and is expected to improve productivity. Therefore, this research results are as follows. The first, the full automated conveyor controller is developed within from 3 to 4 millimeter stop range according to increase of load weight in 1.5 tons. The second, wireless image recording system for the measures of unexpected accident is developed through the CAE analysis of main parts for the exact stop control. The most important final purpose of this research is developed the wireless image recording system for the unexpected accident.
In our country, the number of coffee shops has steadily increased, reaching approximately 15,000 in 2013 from 1,254 in 2006. Adding to increase of coffee shops, customers' preference of roasted beans and extraction to ready-made coffee or instant coffee has lead to rapid expansion of roasted coffee market. In this study, the semi-rotating fluidized bed roaster prototype to reduce LPG consumption of the existing 60kg class large rotating fluidized bed roaster has been designed and retrofitted. In addition to the roaster prototype, processing system consist of bean automatic feeding equipment, debris sorting device, cooling device, cyclone collector, main control system etc. was developed. Also, the authors carrying out many measurements and tests such as LPG consumption, bean transfer time, debris sorting rate, cooling time and temperature, chaff collection rate for the various cases. As a result, the authors found that the semi-rotating fluidized bed roaster prototype can not only reduce LPG consumption, green bean transfer time, cooling time and temperature but also improve debris sorting rate, chaff collection rate of during coffee roasting
The area of greenhouse heating is 21,202 ha which becomes 42% among the total greenhouse area. As heating fuel, diesel or oil is usually used by 60%, and the heating cost takes 30 to 40% percentage at the greenhouse running. In this study, the pellet fuel heater was developed to replace oil for reducing the burden of greenhouse heating cost. The pellet fuel heater was composed of a conveying grate stoker, which could control temperature precisely like the diesel heater. Diesel and pellet were used for the greenhouse heating, whose calorific values are 9,200 and 3,898 kcal/kg, respectively. As the heating cost due to the saving effect of pellet fuel heater compared with diesel, greenhouse heating cost was reduced by 44% with pellet
The necessity of large-area and high-precision measurements has increased in industry area. The high-speed/high-precision multi probe measurement system has been developed to measure the 3D shape. The three different multi probes are combined in measurement system. This system is synchronized between the probes to measure the same position in the sample. Also this paper shows the measurement results with multi probe measurement system.
The porous metallic material has the most superior physical property and the best mechanical capability. This study is investigated with the simulation analysis by compressing three kinds of specimens. Three aluminum foams with the thickness of 10 mm are bonded at Case 1. Two aluminum foams with the thicknesses of 10 mm and 20 mm are bonded at Case 2. It is one aluminum foam with the thickness of 30 mm at Case 3. The two dimensional model is done by ANSYS design modeler and the finite element analysis is performed by ANSYS structural analysis. As the forced displacement of 1 mm during the elapsed time of 60 sec is applied, the forced displacement of 10 mm during the total elapsed time of 600 sec is applied. As the analysis result, the most reaction force is shown at case 2 among three cases. Case 2 is estimated as the best structure. The analysis result of this study is thought to be the data necessary for the safe design about mechanical structure and the development of composite material.
Super air heater devices have some advantages such as compact structure, energy-saving, long service life and convenient installation. In this paper, an automatic production process for air heaters is proposed to compensate some disadvantages of the manual process. The enhancement of production efficiency and productivity is confirmed through the heat treatment performance test decreasing defectiveness rate of 0.23% compared with the previous device.