According to the recent statistics of marine casualties in Korea, fishing boats are more likely to be ended in the casualties, and small fishing boats especially cause much more accidents in sinking and capsizing than any other big vessels. These casualties were mainly produced from the ignorance on the lack of own ship stability. From this view, this study aims to analyze the characteristics of stability on the crab trap fishing boat receiving transverse wave by means of carrying out the water tank test. The rolling angle of the model ship was affected largely with the displacement and the wave period of it, and the trends were shown that the magnitude of the angle was proportional to the displacement, but inversely to the wave period. And the wave height had effect on the rolling angle just in the specific range of the wave period. The force of steady wind didn't have influence on the rolling variation significantly.

Core stability exercises for patients with hemiplegia have become increasingly important and a variety of exercises have been developed over the years to give the hemiplegic patients more stable postural control. This study examined the therapeutic effects of the core stability exercises on the ability of static and dynamic postural control. Fifteen hemiplegic patients (7 males, 8 females, age ranging from 46 to 76 years) hospitalized in a Daejoen rehabilitation hospital were enrolled in this study. Nine and 6 patients had a cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, respectively. The subjects participated in a core stability exercise program consisting of a total of 12 sessions 3 times each week over a 4-week period with each exercise lasting approximately 15 minutes. The ability of static and dynamic postural control by Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG), respectively, were measured before and after the core stability exercise. A Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to compare the effects of the ability of static and dynamic postural control before and after core stability exercise in patients with hemiplegia. The =.05 level of significance was used for the statistical tests. Core stability exercises were effective in improving the ability of static postural control; BBS (p<.05). Core stability exercises were also effective in improving the ability of dynamic postural control; TUG (p<.05). Overall, core stability exercise is believed to be an important therapeutic method in rehabilitation programs for hemiplegic patients.

The field emitters were fabricated by screen-printing of carbon nanotube paste, and their emission stabilities were evaluated. It was found that the emission stability measured in a sealed device is much higher than that measured in a vacuum chamber in spite of similar pressure. This was because oxygen gas was scarcely remained in the sealed device, while the gas is continuously supplied into the vacuum chamber during the stability measurement. It was found that the plasma treatment etched the protruded CNTs, resulting in the uniform height of CNT tips. As a result, the stability was increased remarkably. It was also found that the stability of CNT paste emitter was improved by electrical aging and that the optimum condition for the aging was varied with the size of emitter.

The authors have demonstrated white oraganic light-emitting diodes (WOLED) using 1,4-bis[2-(4'-diphenylaminobiphenyl-4-yl)vinyl]benzene as fluorescent blue emitter and iridium(III) bis(5-acetyl-2-phenylpyridinato-N,C2') acetylacetonate as phosphorescent red emitter. The optimized WOLED using red host material as bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinato) -4-phenylphenolate exhibited proper color stability in comparison with the control device using 4,4'-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphenyl as red host. The white device showed a maximum luminance of 21100 cd/m2 at 14 V, luminous efficiency of 9.7 cd/A at 20 mA/cm2, and Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage (CIEx,y)coordinates of (0.32, 0.34) at 1000 cd/m2. The devices also exhibited the color shift with δCIEx,y coordinates of ± (0.01,0.01) from 100 to 20000 cd/m2.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the storage stability of mayonnaise containing a different emulsifier and various levels of soybean paste powder. The mayonnaise with egg yolk as an emulsifier is E group according to the amount of soybean paste powder addition of 0%(E1), 3%(E2), 6%(E3) and mayonnaise with soy milk as an emulsifier is S group with soybean paste powder addition of 0%(S1), 3%(S2), 6%(S3). Storage stability of mayonnaise was determined during storage at 30 ± 5℃ for 8 weeks. The peroxide value, TBA value, acid value of mayonnaise with addition of 6% soybean paste powder was significantly lower than that of 0% and 3% addition. The turbidity decreased according to storage period. The viscosity of mayonnaise was increased with increasing amount of soybean paste powder. Base on these results, addition of soybean paste powder in the mayonnaise improved oxidation stability during storage period.

The Heat Transport system loop stability of CANDU-6 reactor as Wolsong-1 with the CANFLEX fuel bundle has been studied. The SOPHT modelling of the CANFLEX fuel bundle and the ROH interconnection line was made and the stability analysis response of Wolsong-1 reactor with CANFLEX fuel bundle was obtained. The mechanics of the flow instability caused by two phase flow was reviewed. Without the ROH interconnection line the Heat Transport system loop is unstable while the Heat Transport system is stable within ±1 % of nominal flow with the ROH interconnection line

약과 반죽시 참기름 대용으로 쇼트닝을 이용할 목적으로 쇼트닝의 혼합비율을 달리하여(참기름 100%, 참기름 75%+쇼트닝 25%, 참기름 50%+쇼트닝 50%, 쇼트닝 100%) 약과를 제조하고, 약과 유지의 지방산 조성, 유지함량, 원료유지의 잔존율, 저장 중의 유지산패도(산가, 과산화물가, 카르보닐가)를 측정하여 쇼트닝 약과의 유지안정성을 비교 분석한 결과 다음과 같았다. 1. 약과 반죽의 유지 함량은 9.33%였으나, 튀김 후 시료 구별 약과의 유지함량은 25.20-29.12%로서 아주 높았다. 이들 약과의 유지 구성은 반죽에 첨가되었던 원료유지와 튀김에 사용된 튀김유(대두유)의 비율이 각각 16-10%와 84-90%로서 튀김유가 대부분을 차지하였다. 2. 모든 약과의 지방산 조성은 쇼트닝의 첨가수준에 관계 없이 시료구간에 거의 유사하여 linoleic acid 49.71-51.27%, oleic acid 26.05-26.77%, palmitic acid 10.07-11.71%, linolenic acid 5.51-5.72% stearic acid 4.51-4.68%였으며, 이것은 튀김유(대두유)의 지방산 조성과 유사하였다. 3. 쇼트닝 첨가에 따른 약과의 저장중 산가, 과산화물가, 카르보닐가의 변화는 쇼트닝 첨가가 산가의 증가를 다소 지연시켰으나 과산화물가와 카르보닐가는 시료구간에 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 약과 제조시에 반죽에 첨가되는 유지의 지방산 조성이 크게 다르더라도 약과의 유지 산패도는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이것은 튀김 과정 중 튀김유가 약과내로 다량 흡유되어 약과반죽의 원료유지보다도 큰 영향을 준 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 쇼트닝은 약과 반죽에 참기름 대용으로 사용될경우 약과의 유지 산패 면에서는 참기름 100% 약과와 차이가 없어 약과 제조시 참기름 대체효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다.

The effects of Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) and Annealed Martensite (AM) heat treatment on the microstructure and tensile properties were investigated for 0.24C-0.5Si-1.5Mn-1Al steels. The Q&P steels were annealed at a single phase (γ) or a dual phase (γ+α), followed by quenching to a temperature between Ms and Mf. Then, enriching carbon was conducted to stabilize the austenite through the partitioning, followed by water quenching. The AM steels were intercritically annealed at a dual phase (γ+α) temperature and austempered at Ms and Ms±50˚C, followed by cooling in oil quenching. The dual phase Q&P steels showed lower tensile strength and yieldyield strength than those of the single phase Q&P steels, and tThe elongation for the dual phase Q&P steel was partitioning 100s higher than that of that for the single phase Q&P steels as the partitioning time was less than 100s up to partitioning 100s. For AM steels, the tensile/yield strength decreased and the total elongation increased as the austempering temperature increased. The stability of the retained austenite controlled the elongation for Q&P steels and the volume fraction of the retained austenite controlled the elongation for AM steels.

We have tested the stability of paeoniflorin, a new cosmetic ingredient, extracted from the roots of Paeoniae lactiflora. The stability of aqueous paeoniflorin solution at pH 3, 5 and 7 varied by adding buffer solution was tested at 0℃, 25℃, 40℃, and 65℃. The test was performed with or without UV light. The solution of paeoniflorin was stable at pH 3.0, however, the recovery rate of paeoniflorin was 40% at pH 7.0. The stability of paeoniflorin solution was decreased as the pH of paeoniflorin solution was increased by pH 7.0. The effect of storage temperature of paeoniflorin solution shows that the stability of paeoniflorin solution was decreased as the temperature was increased. The stability of paeoniflorin was rather good under UV light than the condition given above 40℃. The stability of paeoniflorin in W/O emulsions shows similar pattern to that of aqueous solution.

묘도-광양간 현수교는 광양항에 진입하는 항로에 위치해있으므로 큰 배들에 대하여 충돌 방지공이 필요하다. 본 논문은 선박충돌을 고려하여 위험도 분석과 비선형 수치해석을 실시하였다. 위험도 분석 결과 충돌 방지공 설치 이전에는 연간 파괴확률이 기준치인 0.0001을 초과하여 충돌 방지공이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서, 선박의 충돌을 방지하기 위해서 인공섬과 콘리트트 블록으로 만든 방파제 벽을 사용하여 설계하였다. 계획된 충돌 방지공 설치 후 비선형 수치해석 결과 교량에 미치는 하중이 교량의 내하력 이내로 나타나 선박 충돌시에도 교량의 안정성이 확보되는 것으로 나타났다.

Caprylic/Capric triglyceride-in-water emulsions stabilized by Nikkol HCO-60 and HCO-10 were prepared using emulsion inversion point method at different HLB values. Emulsions with various droplet sizes were formed, and emulsion inversion point was detected by electrical conductivity. The change in emulsion droplet sizes and long term stability were monitored using laser scattering method and visual method. The droplet sizes and stability of emulsions were affected by HLB of surfactant. At emulsion inversion point, the water volume fraction increased as the HLB of surfactants decreased. According to our analysis, this resulted from a tendency of forming the W/O (water-in-oil) emulsion as the HLB of surfactants was decreased. The emulsion inversion point was clearly detected by the microscope and the electric conductivity meter. Nanometer-sized emulsion was obtained at the optimum HLB by using emulsion inversion point method. The main pattern of instability of emulsions in HLB 12 and 13 systems was Ostwald ripening. However, The patterns of instability of emulsions below 11 of HLB systems were Ostwald ripening and coalescence. All emulsions produced with surfactants in the range of HLB 8-13, creaming caused by density difference between water phase and oil phase.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of wa-song (Orostachys japonicus A. Berger) extracts on the oxidative stability of edible oil. Wa-song was dried from hot air (HWE) and freeze (FWE), and then they were extracted by hot water. The different levels (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 g/100 mL) of HWE and FWE were added to soybean oil and lard. The chromaticity of edible oils was generally increased with prolonged heating time and HWE was higher than FWE. The anisidine value showed significant increase during heating for 48 hrs. After heating for 48 hrs, it was lower than control, except for HWE added sample of 0.5 and 1.0 g/100 mL, FWE added sample of 1.0 g/ 100 mL. In lard, it was lower in sample added wa-song extract than control. The acid value was not significant by added amount of wa-song. Its value in HWE added sample was lower than FWE, after heating for 48 hrs. POV was lower HWE than FWE, also. After heating for 24 hrs, TBA values in soybean oil containing HWE and FWE added sample was lower than control. In lard, its value in HWE and FWE added sample was lower than control during heating for 12~48 hrs. Therefore, those results suggested that HWE has higher antioxidant activity than FWE added sample, and then oxidative stability of HWE in edible oil was more potential for lard during its heating.

The thermal stability and mechanical properties of Nephila clavata and Bassaniana decorata spider silks were measured and compared with those of aramid and polyester fibers. The thermal stability of the spider silk was lower than those of the commercial aramid and polyester fibers. However, the mechanical properties of the spider silk were far superior to that of the polyester fiber. The effect of the water content of the spider silk on its thermal stability and mechanical property was examined by conducting the silk to heat treatment at 100℃ under vacuum for various times. The results indicated that spider silk subjected to heat treatment for 1.5 hr had excellent thermal stability and mechanical property.

연성방호책 지주(post)의 설계 지반물성치를 파악하고 이를 이용한 해석방법을 수립하기 위한 방법으로서 공내재하시험(PMT)의 사용가능성을 검토하였다. 공내재하시험 결과를 이용하여 지주의 휨모멘트 및 하중-변위관계를 예측할 수 있는 해석방법의 수립가능성을 검토하였다. 모형지반과 모형지주를 이용한 정재하시험을 실시하여 하중-변위의 발생패턴과 크기를 분석하였으며 이를 공내재하시험 해석방법으로부터 구한 결과값과 비교하여 공내재하시험 해석방법의 타당성을 검토하였다. 또한 모형차(bogie)를 이용하여 모형 지주에 대한 충격시험을 실시하여 지주주변지반의 파괴형태를 파악하였으며 측정된 최대감가속도로부터 정적지지력 대비 동적지지력의 발생크기를 분석하였다. 이와 같은 시험 및 해석결과로부터 공내재하시험이 방호책 지주와 도로지반 사이의 역학적 상호연관성을 분석하기 위한 합리적인 시험방법이 될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

In order to improve the thermal stability of PAN-based electrospun fibers, AP-PER-MEL and TiO2 were added in to the fibers as additives. The polymer composite with uniformly mixed additional agents was obtained. In case of non-treated sample, the fibers were burn off completely with high rate within 620℃. But in case of treated samples (EF-M and EF-MT), it is sure that the thermal stability was improved by studying TGA data and ISO flammability test about 20 and 30%, respectively. A synergy effect of adding two kinds of agents (AP-PER-MEL and TiO2) into PAN-based electrospun fibers was confirmed. Through SEM images, it is confirmed that the fiber shape can be kept even after addition of agents (AP-PER-MEL and TiO2). Finally the thermal stability of fibers was largely developed with keeping the nature of PAN-based fibers effectively.

In this study, the characteristics of emulsified fuel were studied. The emulsified fuel which was composed of water and diesel was manufactured by using homogenizer and ultrasonic generator. The more the percentage of water contents increases, the more the density increases to the emulsified fuel. However, the viscosity increased in the 60% of water contents and decreased in the 70% of water contents because the O/W type was formed. The 3 minutes's ultrasonic waves during the irradiation time was appropriate of 16,000 rpm. And the energy density of ultrasonic waves was 87.5J/g. The emulsion stability has improved in the lower temperature, the lower percentage of water contents, and the most stable emulsion state was obtained from 20%(w/w) of water contents. Also, the emulsion stability was related to the HLB values of emulsifiers. Especially, the HLB values of emulsifier were appropriate from 4 to 7 values.

사용후핵연료 심지층처분에 있어서 처분용기의 건전성 확보는 내부에 적재되어 있는 사용후 핵연료로부터 방사성물질이 누출되는 것을 방지하고 격리하여 처분장의 안전성을 보증하기 위한 필수적인 인자이다. 이러한 처분용기는 심지층 처분의 목적인 방사성 독성이 인간 및 자연환경에 영향을 미치지 않도록 장기간 동안 격리하고 누출을 지연시키기 위한 공학적 방벽의 중요한 요소 중의 하나이다. 심지층 처분장 설계시 주요한 요건은 처분시스템의 안전성을 유지를 위하여 처분용기에 적재되어 있는 폐기물로부터 발생된 붕괴열로 인하여 완충재의 온도가 100를 넘지 않도록 하는 것이다. 또한, 처분용기는 지하 심부 500 m 깊이에서의 수압과 완충재의 팽윤압 등 하중에 구조적 건전성을 유지하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 직접 처분대상으로 고려하고 있는 중수로(CANDU) 사용후핵연료에 대한 처분용기의 개선된 개념을 설정하고, 심지층 처분환경에서의 열적 및 구조적 안정성을 분석하였다. 열적 안정성 해석결과 처분터널 및 처분공 간격이 40 m, 3 m 인 경우 처분 후 37년이 경과한 후에 처분용기 표면온도가 최고 온도에 도달하며, 이때 온도는 88.9 로서 처분장 온도제한 요건(100 )에 만족하였다. 또한, 정상적인 경우와 극한 상황에 따른 하중에 대한 처분용기 구조해석 결과 안전율은 각각 2.9와 1.33 으로 나타나 심지층 처분환경에서 처분용기는 구조적 건정성을 유지하는 것으로 판단되었다.