This experiment was conducted to establish the optimum conditions for high CO2 gas treatment in combination with a proper gas-permeable packaging film to maintain the quality of fig fruit (Ficus carica L). Among the fig fruits with different high CO2 treatments, the quality change was most effectively controlled during storage in the 70%-CO2-treated fig fruit. Harvested fig fruit was packaged using microperforated oriented polypropylene (MP) film to maintain the optimum gas concentrations in the headspace of packaging for the modified-atmosphere system. MP film had an oxygen transmission rate of about 10,295 cm3/m2/day/atm at 25℃. The weight loss, firmness, soluble-solid content (SSC), acidity (pH), skin color (Hunter L, a, b), and decay ratio of the fig fruits were monitored during storage at 5 and 25℃. The results of this study showed that the OPP film, OPP film + 70% CO2, and MP film+70% CO2 were highly effective in reducing the loss rate, firmness and decay occurrence rate of fig fruits that were packaged with them during storage. In the case of using treatments with packages of OPP film and OPP film+70% CO2, however, adverse effects like package bursting or physiological injury of the fig may occur due to the gas pressure or long exposure to CO2. Therefore, the results indicated that MP film containing 70% CO2 can be used as an effective treatment to extend the freshness of fig fruits for storage at a proper low temperature.

This paper analyzed the CO2 emission of existing buildings with reconstruction and reusing in the declined residential area of Jeonju old town. The average CO2 emission to square meter of residential buildings in Jeonju is 1.7tCO2/m2.

This paper analyzed the CO2 emission of existing buildings with reconstruction and reusing in declined commercial area of Jeonju old town. The average CO2 emission to square meter of commercial buildings in Junju is 1.4tCO2/m2.

This paper analyzed the CO2 emission of existing buildings on the operation phase in the declined residential area of Jeonju old town. The average CO2 emission to square meter of residential buildings in jeonju was calculated.

In this study, fixed bed type CO2 gasification reactor was tested to enhance the production of synthetic gas (CO + H2) from low grade carbon source such as sewage sludge, wood chip, municipal waste, and low calofic valued coal. Various parameter effects on the 0.1 ton/day fixed bed gasifier operation were investigated. The parameters are reaction temperature, CO2/Air ratio, and total flow rate. Temperature was measured at the inlet and outlet of the reactor as well as at 18 positions along the reactor height and radius. The CO2 inlet concentration was tested between 0% and 30%. Total flow rate was varied from 40 L/min to 80 L/min at 20% CO2 inlet and 8 kg activated carbon packing. In the fixed bed CO2 gasification, CO2 took more parts in the gasification than combustion. But CO2 concentration higher than 40% made the two reactions unstable and the one between 20% and 40% did not give so much influence on the reaction time. The reaction time was shortened according to the total flow rate increase, and changed its slope gently above 50 L/min, illustarting CO2 gasification reaction is superior to combustion reaction in the low total flow rate condition.

In this study, C-CO2 reaction was investigated to achieve a simultaneous effect reducing green house gas and enhancing synthetic gas production. Carbon dioxide and oxygen were used as gasification agents in various concentrations. The Boudouard reaction in which CO2 reacts with carbon was expected for the enhancement of CO production. The reaction CO2 + C 2 CO was confirmed through thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) experiment. The weight of activated carbon used as a carbon source did not changed above 750oC in nitrogen condition, while sharply decreased in CO2 condition, illustrating the presence of Boudouard reaction. The weight of activated carbon and concentrations of H, H2, CH2, CH4, H2O, CO, O2, CO2 evolved from gasification reaction were continuously analysed in different gasification agent varying CO2 and O2 ratio. Weight loss rate increased according to the increase of oxygen ratio. The window on which CO peak evolved shifted to higher temperature according to CO2 concentration in gasification agent. It is proposed that varying CO2/O2 mole ratio can control the reaction ratio of combustion and gasification and shift concentration peak temperature.

Adsorption experiment of carbon dioxide was performed on MCM41 silica with a 30 wt .% EDA(ethylenediamine) loading at different CO2 inlet concentration and various adsorption temperature. The surface characteristics of CO2 capturing agent were carried out using BET analysis, X-ray diffraction and FT-IR. The results of BET showed 781 m2/g for MCM41 and 464 m2/g for EDA/MCM41. X-ray diffraction results reveled typical hexagonal pore system. The higher sorption capacity of EDA/MCM41 was about 80 mgco2/gsorbent with 50% CO2 inlet concentration and 303 K adsorption temperature. The isosteric heat of adsorption in 303-353 K ranged from -25.47 to -28.24 KJ/mole for EDA/MCM41, which indicates CO2-EDA/MCM41 interaction with exothermic adsorption process. Finally, the performance of EDA/MCM41 in 10 consecutive sorption-desorption runs was a stable with only a minor drop in its sorption capacity.

본 연구는 CO2 농도와 온도가 상승함에 따라 인삼의 생육반응 및 광합성 특성의 변화를 알아보기 위해 실험하였다. 유리 온실 안에 대조구(대기중 CO2 농도)와 CO2 + 온도상승구(750-800 ppm, 2℃ 상승)로 나누어 비교하였으며 다음과 같다. 1. 인삼의 개엽율은 1년생 인삼을 이식한 후 1주일 이후인 4월 6일에 CO2 + 온도상승구의 개엽율이 대조구보다 더 높았다. 그러나 최종 개엽율은 CO2 + 온도상승구간 차이가 없었다. 2. 꽃이 나오는 시기는 대조구보다 CO2 + 온도상승구가 3일 빨랐고, 열매관찰시기와 열매 성숙시기는 대조구와 CO2 + 온도상승구간 차이가 없었다. 3. 인삼의 줄기길이는 대조구보다 CO2 + 온도상승구에서 길었고, 잎수는 대조구보다 CO2 + 온도상승구에서 많았다. 4. 지하부 생량무게는 대조구와 CO2 + 온도상승구간 차이가 없었다. 5. 광합성은 모두 대조구보다 CO2 + 온도상승구가 높았다. 대조구 내에서는 년도별 광합성이 차이가 있었다. 하지만 CO2 + 온도상승구에는 1년생과 2년생 간 차이가 없었다. 6. 증산률은 대조구와 CO2 + 온도상승구에서 모두 년생간 차이가 있었다. 1년생은 대조구보다 CO2 + 온도상승구가 높았고, 2년생은 대조구와 CO2 + 온도상승구간 차이가 없었다. 7. 수분이용효율은 대조구와 CO2 + 온도상승구에서 모두 1년생과 2년생간 차이가 있었다. 1년생은 대조구와 CO2 + 온도상승구간 차이가 없었고, 2년생은 대조구 보다 CO2 + 온도상승구가 높았다. 이상으로 볼 때 지구온난화는 인삼의 생육과 생리 생태학적 반응에 다소 긍정적인 영향을 준다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the carbonation resistance of building coating materials applied to the mortar or concrete substrate including their cracked zone. The testing parameters for this experiment were the three crack widths in the substrate including non-crack, and two types of the coating materials.

2012년 11월 카타르 도하에서 열린 유엔 기후변화 당사국총회 COP18 장관급회의에서는 올해 말 그 시한이 종료되는 도쿄의정서를 대신할 ‘도하합의’를 도출하였다. 2020년까지 교토의정서를 연장하고, 모든 선진국과 개발도상국이 같이 적용받는 구속력 있는 온실가스 감축안을 2015년까지 만들기 위한 기반을 조성하자는 내용이 주요골자이다. 그간 우리나라는 2010년을 기준으로 세계 이산화탄소 배출량의 1.7%를 차지하고 세계에서 8번째로 이산화탄소를 많이 배출하는 국가가 되었다. 이에 2015년 합의될 온실가스 규제에서 우리도 상당부분 배출량감소를 요구받을 전망이다. 온실가스를 발생시키는 다양한 경로 중의 하나는 산불발생으로 생성되는 산림의 바이오매스 연소이다. 교토의정서 이후 각국은 산불발생으로 인해 유발되는 온실가스인 이산화탄소와 비이산화탄소의 정량적이고 과학적인 방법을 연구 개발하고 있다. IPCC(International Panel on Climate Change)는 접근방법과 기본자료를 이용하여 배출량을 분석하는 수준1과, 국가고유활동 자료나 배출계수를 이용하여 배출량을 분석하는 수준 2, 국가 고유자료와 방법 모두를 이용하는 수준3을 제시하는데 우리나라도 수준 2나 3의 단계로 진입하는 다각도의 노력을 벌이고 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라 고유 배출계수 개발을 위해, 수관화의 위험이 높은 소나무의 바이오매스 연소에 따른 CO2/non-CO2 배출량을 정량적으로 추정하기 위한 작업의 하나로 이루어졌다. 실험방법은 삼척소재 소나무를 대상으로 영급별로 생엽과 굵기 10mm이하의 가지를 채취하여 콘칼로리미터와 NDIR분석기로 연소 시 배출되는 CO2, CO, NO, CH4, N2O의 배출량을 분석하였다. 실험조건은 10cm×10cm×5cm의 방형틀을 채우는 생엽과 가지부분을 건조기에 건조하여 더 이상 중량변화가 없을 때까지 실험하여 얻은 값을 사용하였으며, 결과값은 3회 측정한 평균값이다.

The rate of photosynthesis (A) of leaves from 10 plant species (6 evergreen and 4 deciduous) of the family Fagaceae was measured using a portable photosynthesis analyzer, to examine which species take up CO2 most efficiently. Of the evergreen species, the photosynthetic rate of Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii was highest, and remained above 82.1～106.4 μmol kg-1s-1 from July to November. Of the deciduous species, the photosynthetic rate of Quercus acutissima was higher than that of the other three species, and remained high at 83.5～116.6 μmol kg-1s-1 from September to November. The photosynthetic rate of the 10 species was positively correlated with stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E). However, there was no correlation between photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), although there was a positive correlation just in three species (Q. gilva, Q. acutissima and Q. glauca). These results suggest that the CO2 fixation capacity of C. cuspidata var. sieboldii, an evergreen species, and Q. acutissima, a deciduous species, is significantly higher than that of the other species examined, and that photosynthesis is regulated by both stomatal conductance and transpiration. Therefore, C. cuspidata var. sieboldii and Q. acutissima may be valuable for the evaluation of carbon uptake in urban green spaces as well as in afforested areas.