Plasma melting technology uses electrical arc phenomena such as lightning to create hightemperature sparks of about 1,600 degrees or more to meet waste disposal requirements through treatment and reduction without distinguishing radioactive waste generated during nuclear power plant operation and dismantling according to physical characteristics. Decommissioning radioactive waste scabbed concrete occurs when polishing and cutting the contaminated structure surface to a certain depth. In this study, Scabbed concrete containing paint was confirmed for volume reduction and disposal safety using plasma treatment technology, and it is planned to be verified through continuous empirical tests.

Kori Unit 1 nuclear power plant is a pressurized water reactor type with an output of 587 Mwe, which was permanently shut down on June 18, 2017. Currently, the final decommissioning plan (FDP) has been submitted and review is in progress. Once the FDP is approved, it is expected that dismantling will begin with the secondary system, and dismantling work on the primary system of Kori Unit 1 will begin after the spent nuclear fuel is taken out. It is expected that the space where the secondary system has been dismantled can be used as a temporary storage place, and the entire dismantling schedule is expected to proceed without delay. The main equipment of the secondary system is large and heavy. The rotating parts is connected to a single axis with a length of about 40 meters, and is complexly installed over three floors, making accessibility very difficult. A large pipe several kilometers long that supplies various fluids to the secondary system is installed hanging from the ceiling using a hanger between the main devices, and the outer diameter of the pipe is wrapped with insulation material to keep warm. In nuclear secondary system decommissioning, it is very important to check for radiation contamination, establish and implement countermeasures, and predict and manage safety and environmental risks that may occur when cutting and dismantling large heavy objects. So we plan to evaluate the radiation contamination characteristics of the secondary system using ISOCS (In- Situ Object Counting System) to check for possible radioactive contamination. According to the characteristics results, decommissioning plans and methods for safe dismantling by workers were studied. In addition, we conducted research on how to safely dismantle the secondary system in terms of industrial safety, such as asbestos, cutting and handling of heavy materials and so on. This study proposes a safe decommissioning method for various risks that may occur when dismantling the secondary system of Kori Unit 1 nuclear power plant.

Carbon 14 (14C) is radioactive isotope of carbon which emits beta ray with long half-life (5730±30 years). Since the 14C is significantly hazardous for human being, the appropriate process to treat 14C is necessary. From the nuclear power plant, the ion exchange resin, graphite, and activated carbon are the main source of 14C. During the effort to reduce the volume of those wastes, the 14C is inevitably occurred as carbon dioxide (CO2) form, so called 14CO2. Thus, the development of technology to permanently capture and safely dispose 14CO2 is required. In this presentation, we introduce the decommissioning technology ranging from 14CO2 capture to solidification. First, the new class of glass adsorbent is developed which can irreversibly capture CO2 even under mild conditions. This material promotes the dissolution of alkaline earth ions due to the unstable glass structure. Then, the physical and chemical optimization of glass adsorbent enhances the performance of CO2 capture. Further, room temperature geopolymeric solidification is also performed to safely dispose 14C without any potential release.

Economical radioactive soil treatment technology is essential to safely and efficiently treat of high-concentration radioactive areas and contaminated sites during operation of nuclear power plants at home and abroad. This study is to determine the performance of BERAD (Beautiful Environmental construction’s RAdioactive soil Decontamination system) before applying magnetic nanoparticles and adsorbents developed by the KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) which will be used in the national funded project to a large-capacity radioactive soil decontamination system. BERAD uses Soil Washing Process by US EPA (402-R-007-004 (2007)) and can decontaminate 0.5 tons of radioactive soil per hour through water washing and/or chemical washing with particle size separation. When contaminated soil is input to BERAD, the soil is selected and washed, and after going through a rinse stage and particle size separation stage, it discharges decontaminated soil separated by sludge of less than 0.075 mm. In this experiment, the concentrations of four general isotopes (A, B, C, and D which are important radioisotopes when soil is contaminated by them.) were analyzed by using ICP-MS to compare before and after decontamination by BERAD. Since BERAD is the commercial-scale pilot system that decontaminates relatively large amount of soil, so it is difficult to test using radioactive isotopes. So important general elements such as A, B, C, and D in soil were analyzed. In the study, BERAD decontaminated soil by using water washing. And the particle size of soil was divided into a total of six particle size sections with five sieves: 4 mm, 2 mm, 0.850 mm, 0.212 mm, and 0.075 mm. Concentrations of A, B, C, and D in the soil particles larger than 4 mm are almost the lowest regardless of before and after decontamination by BERAD. For soil particles less than 4 mm, the concentrations of C and D decreased constantly after BERAD decontamination. On the other hand, the decontamination efficiency of A and B decreased as the soil particle became smaller, but the concentrations of A and B increased for the soil particle below 0.075 mm. As a result, decontamination efficiency of one cycle using BERAD for all nuclides in soil particles between 4 mm and 0.075 mm is about 45% to 65 %.

At domestic nuclear power plant, concrete containers are stored to store waste generated before waste acceptance criteria (WAC) was established. Concrete container store concentrated waste liquid and waste resin. In order to disposal radioactive waste to a disposal site, it is necessary to conduct a characteristic evaluation inside the waste to check whether it satisfies the WAC. Two types of concrete containers are stored: round and square. The round type is filled with one 200-liter drum, and the square type is filled with four 200-liter drums. In the case of a round shape, the top lid is fastened with bolts, so it is possible to collect samples after opening the top lid without the need for additional equipment. However, in the case of a square shape, there is no top lid, and concrete is poured to cure the lid, so the separate equipment for characteristic evaluation is required. It is necessary to install a workstation for sample collection on the top of the concrete container, equipment for coring the top of the concrete container, and a device to prevent concrete dust scattering. Currently, the design of equipment for evaluating the characteristics of concrete containers has been completed, and equipment optimization through mock-up test will be performed in the future.

In the establishment of procedures for managing spent fuel, the development of an information system for data management is an indispensable prerequisite. Given the prolonged period of spent nuclear fuel management, marked by numerous personnel changes and the anticipation of vast data retention, addressing this matter appropriately is imperative, particularly in the specialized field of spent nuclear fuel operations. Recognizing the need for a method to mitigate these challenges, we endeavored to apply semantic technology to the information system. To achieve this, we constructed the ontology of spent nuclear fuel and conducted research to transform it into a relational database. As a result, the information system, developed by the application of semantic technology, has attained the capability to comprehend and perceive relationships among information itself. Through this research, the system not only addresses previously identified concerns but also enhances its versatility, enabling it to perform functions previously unattainable within existing information systems.

In the contemporary digital age, the rapid pace of technological advancement has elevated concerns regarding unauthorized technology transfers. These illicit transfers not only pose economic threats but also have the potential to compromise national security, strain international relationships, and impede technological innovation. Recognizing these challenges, the United States, as a technological leader, has implemented stringent laws and regulations to counteract such activities. Unauthorized technology transfer or disclosure is treated seriously within the United States. It can be subject to various laws, including export control regulations, economic sanctions, and Nonproliferation laws. Export control measures such as the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), targeting defense items, and the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), focused on dual-use items, are enforced. The Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) regulations oversee U.S. trade sanctions. At the same time, the Iran, North Korea, and Syria Non-proliferation Act (INKSNA) penalizes those aiding proliferation activities in these countries. Such unauthorized transfers could undermine global security by violating international agreements like the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The United States employs a multi-faceted approach to counter these threats, including international partnerships, strengthened export controls, diplomatic efforts, and rigorous enforcement. Beyond the legal aspects, unauthorized technology transfer carries significant economic, national security, and global trade implications. Intellectual property (IP) theft can result in economic losses, national security risks, and strained trade relations. Legal protections against IP theft encompass Patents, Trade Secrets, Copyright, and Trademark Acts. In conclusion, unauthorized technology transfers and IP theft present multi-faceted challenges with far-reaching implications for global security, economic prosperity, and international relations. The comprehensive approach taken by the United States, which combines legal measures, diplomatic engagement, and collaborative efforts, serves as a valuable example that South Korea can learn from and enhance to keep technological advancements and ensure a secure digital future.

Over the past decades, particle physics has made significant progress in characterizing neutrinos even if neutrinos have extremely small cross-section (~10-44 cm2), allowing them to penetrate any object. More recently, neutrino detection and analysis have indeed become valuable tools in various aspects of nuclear science and technology. Neutrinos are detected using various methods, including Inverse Beta Decay (IBD), Neutrino-electron scattering, and Coherent Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CNNS). For the detection of anti-neutrinos from nuclear reactor, the Inverse Beta Decay (IBD) is commonly considered with scintillators. Notable experiments in Korea, such as RENO and NEOS, have been conducted using the IBD method at the Hanbit Nuclear Power Plant since 2006. Additionally, the NEON experiment, which employs CNNS, which has a significantly larger reaction cross-section than IBD but its low-energy signal detection difficulty, has been ongoing since 2021. Based on the results of NEOS (2015-2020) the signal to noise is ~30 and IBD detection rate is ~2000 counts per day. The IBD event in nuclear power plants provides valuable information about reactor behavior. IBD count rates are in good agreement with the thermal power of the reactor. Furthermore, the neutrino energy spectrum can be used to estimate the fission isotope ratio of the reactor core, showing promise for obtaining reactor core information from antineutrino detection techniques. Neutrino detection in nuclear facilities provides valuable information about reactor behavior. However, as a surveillance technology neutrino detection faces challenges due to the very low cross-section, requiring efforts to overcome limitations related to detector size and signal acquisition time. In 2008, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) included neutrino detection in its Research and Development (R&D) program for reactor safeguards. In January 2023, the IAEA organized a “Technical Meeting on Nuclear Data Needs for Antineutrino Spectra Applications” to discuss the latest developments and research results in this field. In summary, the use of neutrino detection in the nuclear field, particularly for reactor monitoring and safeguarding, has advanced significantly. Ongoing research and collaboration are expected to enhance our understanding of neutrinos and their applications in nuclear science and technology.

Graphene oxide (GO) and ultrafine slag (UFS) have been applied to reinforce cement mortar cubes (CMC) in this research. The consequences of GO and UFS on the mechanical attributes of the CMC were explored through experimental investigations. Established on the results, at the 28 days of hydration, the CMC compressive and flexural strength with 0.03% of GO and 10% UFS were 89.8 N/mm2 and 9.1 N/mm2, respectively. Furthermore, the structural changes of CMC with GO and UFS were qualitatively analysed with instrumental techniques such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), FT Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and 27Al, 29Si-Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). SEM results reported that GO and UFS formed an aggregated nanostructure that improved the microstructural properties of the CMC. TGA analysis revealed the quantum of calcium hydrate and bound water accomplished by supplementing GO bound to the UFS aggregates. FT-IR analysis of the CMC samples confirmed the ‘O-’comprising functional groups of GO which expedited the formation of complexes between calcium carbonate ( CaCO3) and UFS. 0.03% GO was the optimum dosage that enhanced the compressive and flexural attributes when combined with 10% UFS in CMC.

In this study, we examined dimensional changes in processing carbon fiber composites using a cost-competitive domestic high-speed router. Lacking temperature compensation features found in typical machines, it faces increased defect rates due to temperature fluctuations during processing. To mitigate this, we defined specific processing temperature conditions, established hole positions as distance references for various temperatures, and measured dimensional changes. This enabled us to calculate necessary dimensional corrections, minimizing thermal deformation.

The demand for LNG Carrier and LNG fuel ships are increasing due to global carbon neutrality declaration and ship emissions regulation of IMO, domestic shipyards pay technology fees(about 5~10% of ship price per vessel) to GTT company in France for making LNG cargo hold. Localization of LNG cargo hold is needed to reduce technology fees and engage technological competitiveness, it is important to secure the critical technology like automation process development of insulation system process. Especially, the automation rate of membrane-type insulation system is very low due to interference caused by corrugation and difficulty in securing optimal variable welding condition. In this study, to solve this problem, automatic welding is performed using developed automatic welding equipment on STS304L steel which is used in flat and corner area of membrane-type LNG cargo hold's lap joint. After welding, Cross-sectional observations and Tensile strength tests were conducted to evaluate reliability of equipment and welding condition. As a result of the test, it was confirmed that the strength of the welded zone exceeded that of base material, and secured the optimal welding condition to apply automatic welding.

이 연구는 중국의 이미지 처리 소프트웨어 메이투를 중심으로 하여 기 술수용이론을 적용하고 확장하여 중국 사용자들의 이미지 처리 소프트웨 어 사용 의도에 대한 가능성을 탐구하는 것이다. 이를 위해 설문조사 방 법을 사용하여 사회의 다양한 계층의 다양한 그룹을 조사하고 수집한 데 이터를 분석했다. 연구 결과는 사용자의 사용 의도에 영향을 미치는 것 으로 나타났으며, 특히 사용자의 편리성과 유용성에 더해, 호기심과 자아 형상 일치성도 메이투 사용자의 사용 의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것 으로 나타났다. 본 논문의 연구 결과는 메이투와 같은 이미지 편집 소프 트웨어의 개발과 운영에 가치 있는 통찰을 제공할 수 있다.

Recently, the market competition has been fiercer due to the acceleration of technological change and the launch of intelligent products. In this situation, technology cooperation activities through networks rather than independent technological innovation activities of a single company or institution are recognized as a crucial strategy to gain competitiveness. Technology cooperation can take various forms depending on the target technology, and researchers have conducted performance analyses of technology cooperation types. However, there have not been data-based quantitative studies on the types and trends of technology cooperation for the target technology. In this paper, we explored the difference between the technology cooperation types by technology and time using the formal concept analysis method and co-patent information. In particular, the proposed methodology has been verified through the case study of electric vehicles, and it is intended to suggest the direction of technological cooperation according to specific technologies and cooperation targets in the future

이 연구의 목적은 과학기술 시대 교육 기법으로서 코칭 기법 활용 가능성을 탐색하여 교육 현장에서의 적용 가능성을 모색하는 데 있다. 문헌 연구를 통하 여 가능성을 탐색한 결과는 다음과 같다. 과학기술 시대 교육 기법으로서 코칭 기법 활용 가능성은 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그 이유는 교수 설계 이론과 접목해 본 결과 교수 설계 이론의 절차에 코칭 기법을 적용할 수 있었다. 또한 코칭의 핵심은 경청을 기반으로 질문을 통하여 피드백하는 의사소통이기 때문에 과학 기술 시대 핵심역량 중 하나인 의사소통 역량을 육성하는 데도 적합한 것으로 확인하였다. 향후 코칭 기법을 수업에 적용하여 검증해 보는 후속 연구가 있기 를 기대한다.

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 뇌성마비 아동 및 청소년에게 보조공학을 사용한 글씨쓰기에 관한 연구를 분석하여 글씨쓰기 연 구에서 활용되고 있는 보조공학과 중재 프로그램의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 2011년부터 1월부터 2023년 7월까지 DBpia, Kiss, earticle, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, PubMed, 구글 스칼라를 이용하여 뇌성마비 아동 및 청소년에게 보조공학을 사용한 글씨쓰기 중재에 대한 논문을 검색하였으며, 1차 검색 된 2,886편의 논문 중 선정기준 및 배제기준에 따라 6편의 논문을 최종 선택하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 선정된 6편의 논문 중 무작위 대조군 연구 1편, 비무작위 비교연구 2편으로 근거수준 1-2단계에 해당하는 연구가 3편이었다. 글씨쓰기 연구에 사용된 보조공학의 종류는 컴퓨터 접근장치가 4편(키보드 변형 3편, 스위치와 포인팅 기기, 소프트웨어 프로그램 사용 1편), 3차원의 반복적인 움직임을 통해 글씨쓰기를 연습하는 보조로봇 1편, 이축 연필(biaxial pencil) 등 변형된 필기도구를 사용한 연구가 1편이었다. 컴퓨터 보조공학 중재와 보조로봇을 적용한 5편의 연구에서 작업치 료사가 글씨쓰기 중재를 제공하였다. 컴퓨터 보조공학 중재 결과 종속변인인 문자입력 속도와 정확도가 향상되었으며, 부모만 족도와 목표달성 정도가 높게 나타났다. 결론 : 뇌성마비 아동 및 청소년에게 글씨쓰기에 사용되고 있는 보조공학과 효과적인 중재방법과 치료 효과를 확인했다는 데 의의가 있다.

2022년 10월부터 2023년 5월까지 친환경 딸기재배 농가에서 점박이응애는 칠레이리애응애와 사막이리응애, 진딧물은 콜레마니진디벌을 대상으로 하는 천적처리구와 유기농자재를 사용하는 관행방제구에서 천적의 해 충 밀도억제 효과를 조사하였다. 천적처리구에서 점박이응애 성충 밀도는 잎당 1.5마리 이하, 알은 4개 이하로 관리되었고, 사막이리응애는 잎당 최대 0.4마리까지 증가하여 점박이응애 밀도억제에 많은 영향을 미친것으로 보인다. 반면, 관행방제구에서 점박이응애 밀도는 천적 방사구에 비하여 오히려 많은 발생량을 보였지만, 3월 9일부터는 사막이리응애의 증가와 유기농자재의 효과로 점박이응애 밀도는 급격하게 감소하였다. 진딧물 천적 처리구에서 진딧물 밀도는 1월부터 발생하였으며 3월 상순에 잎당 0.3마리까지 증가하였으나 이후 감소하였고, 콜레마니진디벌은 진딧물 발생이 많지 않아 3.9마리/㎡(2회) 방사하는 데 그쳤다. 한편, 관행방제구 포장의 진딧 물은 유기농자재의 영향으로 거의 발생하지 않았다.

The cucumber flower does’t seem to be supplying enough nectar and pollen to the natural enemies. Among the natural enemies that can be used in the cucumber greenhouse, especially Orius laevigatus may require flower nectar and pollen for settlement and reproduction. In our previous study, we selected basil as a natural enemy banker plant. Using this, the effect of thrips control in cucumber greenhouse was examined. The major pests of cucumber in 2023 were Aphis gossypii, Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips palmi and Trialeurodes vaporariorum. A. gossypii occurred most frequently, and the next occurred pests were F. occidentalis and T. palmi. The densities of O. laevigatus remained stable on basil banker plants. After releasing O. laevigatus and adding the basil banker plants, the densities of T. palmi were kept low at less than 3 per leaf, and the densities of F. occidentalis were kept low at less than 10 per 3 flowers but increased slightly since late May. As a result, the density of thrips during cucumber cultivation was effectively suppressed after the use of natural enemies.

기후변화 위기에 대응하기 위하여 대한민국은 2030년까지 신재생연료 혼합비율(Renewable Fuel Standard, RFS)을 3.5%에서 8%까지 상향하기로 결정하였다. 국내에서 제조되는 신재생연료의 원료가 되는 바이오매스의 60%이상이 해외에서 수입하는 실정이며, 2030 탄소중립 및 RE100과 같은 바이오연료 사용증가 정책의 확대로 인하여 국내에서 제조되어 활용가능한 바이오매스의 확보가 절실하게 필요하다. 곤충은 높은 비율의 단백질과 지질을 체내에 저장하는 특징을 가지고 있으며, 곤충의 대량사육을 통하여 지질의 대량생산이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 곤충의 대량사육환경에서 제조되는 지질을 원료로 하여 기후변화에 대응할 수 있는 바이오연료로의 전환 제조가능성을 확인하고자 하였으며, 이를 위하여 촉매공정을 통하여 디젤과 혼합하여 사용할 수 있는 수첨바이오디젤을 제조하여 그 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 곤충지질을 활용하여 수첨바이오디 젤로 전환가능함을 확인하였다.