A CCTV inspection method has been widely used to assess sewer condition and performance, but Korea lacks a proper decision support system for prioritizing sewer repair and rehabilitation (R&R). The objective of this paper is to introduce the results that we have developed in the Sewer Condition Assessment and Rehabilitation Decision-making (SCARD) Program using MS-EXCEL. The SCARD-Program is based on a standardized defect score for sewer structural and hydraulic assessment. Priorities are ranked based on risk scores, which are calculated by multiplying the sewer severity scores by the environmental impacts. This program is composed of three parts, which are decision-making for sewer condition and performance assessment, decision-making for sewer R&R priority assessment, and decision-making for optimal budget allocation. The SCARD-Program is useful for decision-makers, as it enables them to assess the sewer condition and to prioritize sewer R&R within the limited annual budget. In the future, this program logic will applied to the GIS-based sewer asset management system in local governments.

This study identifies influential factors for invigorating the public management office (PMO) system for system integration (SI) projects in public sectors and analyzes the priority of each factor from the point of different stakeholders, i.e., owners, SI company, and PMO. Based on the literature review, four first-level influential factors are identified: legal system maintenance, owner’s capability, SI company’s capability, and PMO’s capability. Among them, the PMO’s capability is determined as the most critical factor by all the stakeholders. Among the second-level influential factors, the capabilities of professional engineers and project managers are considered as important among the PMO’s capability, whereas the reasonable consulting fee is considered as the most critical factor among the legal system maintenance. With respect to each stakeholder, project management capability is considered as the most important factor for owners, while the reasonable consulting fee is considered as the most important factor for PMO.

This study describes a reasonable planning method for water meter replacement which can minimize the metering under-registration for an increasement of revenue water. The increment analysis of real water usage was used to establish a replacement plan. The meter replacement database collected from K City was used as the basis of this analysis. The database included 964 connections of domestic and non-domestic consumers that had their meter replaced by aging at 2011.The result showed that the corelation between unregistered water volume and water meter age was lower than commonly expected where the current criteria of replacement is only water meter age(8 years) excluding the meters older than 13 years. And in the analysis result of water usage for 8 years, the total amount and increment of water usage had a significant effect on unregistered water volume. However the relation was different tendency as a total volume and slope of increment. In case of total water volume was larger than 10,000 , larger than 7,000 and increment of 0.0 ~ -0.3, larger than 6,000 and increment more than -0.3 were analysed to need a replacement because of metering under-registration.

With a view to analyzing the influential factors and their prioritization in association with the loss from construction disasters, this study has presented relative weighted value and importance for each category of loss by making a systematic classification of costs for non-insured categories (indirect costs) and conducting AHP analysis based on results of a survey of specialists. Through the study, first, I have divided the larger classification of loss factors into human loss factor, financial loss factor, special cost factor, and managerial loss factor, and, second, have presented prioritization of loss categories by allotting scores based on weighted values after calculating weighted value through pairwise comparison of loss levels. Based on these results of the study, we should be able to qualitatively calculate the loss costs that construction disasters inflict on business, promote rational decision-making and efficiency in spending related to a disaster, and compare it against safety investment designed to reduce disaster loss from the perspective of business strategy.

The purpose of this study is to provide the data for sewage policy by selection of demending section and priority for interceptor renovation in Daejeon Metropolitian City. The order of priority for interceptor renovation in this city is Daejean-cheon, Youdeng-cheon, Gab-cheon, Youseong-cheon and Jinjam-cheon. Length of demanding section for renovation is 5.6 km for Daejean-cheon, 11.9 km for Youdeng-cheon, 13.8 km for Gab-cheon, 10.4 km for Youseong-cheon, and 3.9 km for Jinjam-cheon, respectively. The total length for interceptor renovation is 45.6 km. Assuming 30% as partial repair and 70% total repair on trenchless replacement, total renovation cost is calculated 98.2 billion won, 3.5 billion won for Daejeon-cheon, 1.2 billion won for Jinjam-cheon, 49.7 billion won for Gab-cheon, 4.3 billion won for Youseong-cheon, and 39.5 billion won for Youdeng-cheon.

As workplace incidents has been being declining in Korea, there is criticism of the effectiveness of occupational safety policy implementation. It is unknown that which policy target group needs to be targeted to yield effective injuries prevention. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and reveal the policy intervention group with a high priority in terms of industrial incident prevention and the related investment cost. A Policy Priority Model(PPM) is composed of 6 indicators regarding influences of both the incident reduction and the cost reduction. Z-score analyses are used to confirm the high policy priority area or policy target group. Overall, workplace with worker below 50 persons, construction site with the sales of more than a hundred million won, workplace with relatively small percentage of female employees and relatively higher percentage of older worker should be prioritized to reduce workplace injuries. This paper provides an analytic way that can be used to decide the policy priority workplace in order not only to reduce work-related injuries&illnesses and the related investment cost but to further lessen the related societal costs.

최근 도시 경쟁력 제고를 위한 도시간 통합이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 이에 청주시와 청원군도 2012년 6월 실시한 청원군 주민투표를 통해 통합을 결정했다. 청주시의 도시통합은 지방행정체계 개편의 효과로 10년간 약 735여억원의 순편익이 발생할 것으로 예상되는 것으로 보고된 바 있다(장덕희 등, 2012). 하지만 도시 통합에 있어 상대적으로 인구 수가 적거나 경제력이 약한 도시는 여러 가지 불이익을 감수해야 하는 것도 사실이다. 이런 불이익을 최소화하기 위해 통합추진위원회를 결정하고 상생을 위한 여러가지 합의사항을 도출한다. 이런 취지로 청주·청원 통합 합의사항에 청원군 지역에 버스 터미널을 신설하는 방안이 포함되었다. 버스 터미널은 관공서와 함께 인구유입과 도시개발에 핵심적인 역할을 수행한다. 이런 버스 터미널의 위치에 따라 도시내 교통흐름과 도시개발의 방향이 결정된다 하여도 과언이 아니다. 그리고 청주시는 기존 터미널을 이전 하는 방법이 아닌 신규 터미널을 신설하는 방향으로 계획을 진행하였기 때문에 효율적인 위치에 터미널을 신설하지 않는다면 이용객이 없을 수도 있는 위험성을 내포하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 계층분석방법(Analytic Hierarchy Process : AHP)을 통해 청주·청원 통합시를 대상으로 통합시의 버스 터미널 신설을 합리적으로 결정하는 방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이 연구는 청주·청원 통합시의 터미널 신설의 입지선정에 우선적으로 고려해야 하는 인자를 계층분석방법을 통해 도출하여 결과를 제시한다. 분석을 위한 설문은 관련 전문가(충북발전 연구원, 충북대학교, 청주시청, 충북도청)를 통해 작성되었으며, AHP 쌍대비교방법을 사용하였다. 요인은 크게 이용객 측면, 운영자 측면 및 지역 측면에서 도출하였다.

목적: 광주광역시의 대학교 근처 A, 아파트 근처 B, 주택 근처 C안경원을 대상으로 계층화 의사결정방법(AHP)에 의한 분석을 바탕으로 안경원 창업에 따른 우선순위와 중요도에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 안경원에 직접 방문하여 안경사와 원장님들을 대상으로 토론하여 안경원 경영 하위 항목의 이원 비교를 위해 상대적인 우선순위와 중요도를 조사하였다. 기술경쟁력, 물리적 편의성, 커뮤니케이션요인, 상품/서비스, 가격적 요인의 우선순위 중요도 분석을 위해 일관성 비율 0.1 미만의 설문지를 분석하였다. 결과: 계층화 의사결정방법(AHP)에 의한 안경원 경영 하위 항목의 우선순위 중요도 결과 대학교 근처 A안경원은 ‘가격적 요인’(0.467), 아파트 근처 B안경원은 ‘물리적 편의성’(0.440), 주택 근처 C안경원은 ‘기술경쟁력’(0.440)로 나타났다. 결론: 대학교 근처 A, 아파트 근처 B, 주택 근처 C안경원을 대상으로 안경원 경영 하위 항목의 우선순위와 중요도를 선정하였다. 우선순위 및 중요도는 AHP에 의하여 평가항목의 관계를 반영하여 측정하였다. 안경원의 창업에 기초적 자료가 되길 기대한다.

Lot-order assignment is the process of assigning items in lots being processed in a production facility to orders to meet due-dates of the orders. In this study, we consider the lot-order assignment problem (LOAP) with the objective of minimizing total tardiness of the orders with distinct due dates. We address similarity relationships between the LOAP and the single machine total tardiness scheduling problem (SMTTSP) and suggest priority rules for the LOAP based on those for the SMTTSP. Performances of the priority rules are compared with each other and with that of the commercial optimization software package in computational experiments.

식품 이물의 검출 및 저감화 기술 개발과 안전관리를 위한 정보를 제공하고자, 국내 보고된 식품 이물의 혼입 자료를 바탕으로 식품별, 이물별 검출율과 건강 위해도, 경제·산업적, 소비자 민감성 등의 인자를 고려한 다인자기반 위해평가를 수행하고 이를 바탕으로 식품-이물의 위해순위를 분석하였다. 사용한 인자 중 이물별 발생 빈도와건강 위해도는 이물에 대한 위험지표로 이용하였으며 식품별 국내 연간 생산량과 해당 식품의 이물 혼입율은 식품 중 이물발생이 관련 산업에 미치는 영향을 나타내는지표로 이용하였다. 식품-이물에 대한 소비자의 민감성에대한 간접적인 지표로는 각 식품별 이물 저감화에 따른추가비용부담률을 활용하였다. 이와 같은 여러 인자를 종합적으로 고려한 다인자기반 종합위해지수는 금속-면류가가장 높게 추정되었다. 그 외에도 곤충-면류 및 금속-음료의 위해순위가 높은 것으로 산출되었다. 본 결과는 지금까지 단순히 이물별 발생 순위 또는 식품별 발생 순위 중심의 자료 제공에서 나아가 식품 안전 관리에서 고려해야할 여러 인자를 종합적으로 분석하여 위해지수를 산출함으로써 향후 식품 중 이물의 관리와 이물의 검출 기술 개발 등 식품안전 분야의 연구에서 자원의 배분과 연구개발시 유용한 정보로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구는 기후변화와 관련하여 미생물학적 식품안전상쉽게 영향 받을 수 있는 식품과 관련 식중독세균을 결정하는데 이용할 수 있는 Risk Ranger를 활용한 Excel spreadsheet상의 모델을 개발하였고, 모델 입력값은 자료의 부족으로전문가 설문을 통해 결정하였으며, 확률분포모델과 @RISK를 이용한 시뮬레이션을 통해 실제 국내 식품중 기후변화에 대한 민감할 것으로 예상되는 상위 5개 식품군과 이들식품과 관련된 주요 식중독 원인균을 결정하였다. 추정결과, 상위 5종 식품과 관련 식중독 세균으로는 즉석섭취식품류(RTE) (황색포도상구균, 살모넬라, 병원성대장균 O157:H7)가 가장 큰 영향을 받을 것으로 나타났으며, 다음이 떡류 및 빵류 (황색포도상구균, 바실러스 세레우스), 식육 및알가공품 (살모넬라, 병원성대장균 O157:H7, 황색포도상구균), 두부류 또는 묵류 (바실러스 세레우스, 병원성대장균O157:H7, 황색포도상구균)였으며, 마지막으로 어육가공품(황색포도상구균, 비브리오, 병원성대장균 O157:H7)의 순으로 나타났다.

The theory of two-dimensional quality, in particular, the Kano model that is developed by the analogy with the M-H theory, has been applied in various industry fields for more than three decades. Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) assumes that the degree of physical fulfilment of quality attributes and the satisfaction of that attribute is linear, and therefore, it is applicable to the traditional one-dimensional attribute, not other quality types defined in the Kano’s model such as attractive or must-be attribute. To solve this problem, the current study suggests a new importance-satisfaction analysis using a modified IPA in accordance with the three quality types and a diagonal method introduced by Slack (1999) to determine improvement priority. For this, I investigated 19 smartphone’s quality attributes and conducted a survey of 334 university students for the results of Kano’s model, which adopted from Song and Park (2012)’s study, and the importance/satisfaction of the quality attributes and the results of the priority for improvement of the 19 quality attributes. The results show that the proposed I-S priority model is better than the conventional IPA based on the comparison results of determination coefficient from the regression analysis of the two models.

PURPOSES: In this study, as part of an effort to develop HUD for public transit, it is proposed that the decision of order priority of contents which will be disposed to bus drivers through HUD for public transit using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique. METHODS: In AHP analysis method brainstorming, factor analysis, hierarchical structuring, and weighting analysis were performed by applying a classical analysis method. RESULTS: By the result of analysis it is shown that unlike car drivers, bus drivers prefer information related to bus intervals, bus stop, and door open and close to information related to vehicle running. Also, bus stop information and bus interval information were ranked as first and second place in order priority of HUD contents for public transit by experts. CONCLUSIONS: This method of selecting order priority of HUD contents for public transit can provide a basic foundation for selecting order priority of traffic information contents as well as other HUD contents.

There have been growing concerns among people about food safety due to insufficient information on foodborne pathogens. In this study, we developed a risk priority of 15 foodborne pathogens. For the priority determination we collected risk profile criteria information from CODEX Alimentarius Commission and developed countries. The basis for criteria we selected from information of surveillance were frequency and severity of disease, frequency of consumption and probability of cross-contamination. We also considered foodborne pathogens which have been managed in developed countries though those pathogens are not currently managed appropriately in Korea. Priorities were divided into three groups following these consideration. The first priority group includes Norovirus, pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella spp, Clostridium botulinum and Listeria monocytogenes. The second priority group includes Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Stapylococcus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni and Bacillus cereus, and the third priority group includes Clostridium perfringens, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shigella spp, Cronobacter sakazakii and Hepatitis A virus. Our results could be applied to prevent foodborne illness from fresh produce.