인명용 한자는 가족관계등록법에 의거 등록 대상인 본명인 관명의 이름자에 사용할 수 있는 한자이다. 1991년 1월 1일 2,731자를 대법원에서 선정하여 최초 시행한 후 2-3년에 한 번씩 9차례 추가하여 2015년 1월 1일부터 8,142자가 되었다. 언론 보도를 보면 인명용 한자의 제한은 성명권 침해이므로 부적정하고, 범위는 확대해야 하며, 포함된 유의문자는 제외해야 된다는 논란이 시행과 더불어 계속되고 있다. 그러나 성명학계는 제한에 관심이 없고 유의문자에만 관심을 갖고 있어서 개선 의지가 약하다. 대법원은 어려운 한자가 불편하고 전산화에도 장애이며, 선정된 인명용 한자 8,142자가 작지도 않지만 확대 중이 라며 개선에 부정적이다. 또한 헌법재판소의 인명용 한자 합헌 결정에서 알 수 있듯이 제한을 없애는 것은 아직 시기도 성숙되지 않았다. 하지만 행정 편의를 위해서 성명권을 침해하고 국민의 불편을 야기하는 것은 문제가 있으므로 인명용 한자 제한과 범위 협소, 유의문자는 개선해야 한다. 종국적으로 모든 한자를 이름자로 사용할 수 있도록 성명권을 보장해야 하지만, 이에 부정적인 대법원의 견해도 적정하므로 다음 세 가지 사항을 단계별로 진행할 것을 제언한다. 첫째, 모든 관련자가 참여하여 인명용 한자의 정책 전반적인 개선을 다루는 대법원 소속의 위원회를 구성하여야 한다. 둘째, 인명용 한자에 포함된 유의문자를 제외하거나 최소한 인식할 수 있도록 공시해야 한다. 셋째, 충분한 검토와 논의로 논란을 예방하면서 범위를 추가 확대한 후, 종국적으로 인명용 한자의 제한을 없애야 한다.

2016년 중국으로 우리나라의 6개 RPC에서 쌀 수출을 개시 하면서 얻어진 우리쌀의 품질대비 가격경쟁력의 우수성과 수출 초기에 발생하였던 문제점 등의 해결 사례는 다음과 같다. 중국내 수입하여 유통중인 중단립종의 가격경쟁력은 일본산과 대만산이 우리 수출쌀에 비해서 2~3배 가격이 높게 유통 되고 있어 우리쌀의 품질관리 여부에 따라 수출가능성은 매우 높다고 할 수 있다. 쌀의 백도는 우리나라 수출쌀이 35내외로 낮은 편이나, 중국의 흑룡강성 최고급쌀인 우창쌀의 백도는 40이상으로 높은 편이다. 배아잔존율은 우리나라 수출쌀이 24% 정도이고 중국의 흑룡강성 최고급쌀인 우창쌀은 5%내외이다. 백도는 40이 상으로, 배아잔존율은 하계 3%이하, 동계 5%이하로 가공하였을 때 중국의 소비자 선호도가 증가 할것으로 사료된다. 진공포장이 풀리는 것을 방지하기 위해서는 쌀 사이에 충진재를 넣거나, 포장시 2중접착을 하거나, 열 접착시에 시간을 1~1.5초, 온도를 130~150oC, 진공압력을 270~300 mmHg로 하고, 이동시 편리성을 도모하기 위해 포장지 상부에 손잡이를 만드는 것도 중요하다. 훈증소독은 메틸브로마이드 보다는 인화수소를 이용하는 것과 중국 남방지역으로의 하계 수출시에는 고온 다습한 것을 감안하여 수분함량을 13%내외로 조절하는 것을 추천한다.

2016년 초･중등학교에서 한자교육을 선택적으로 받도록 한 국어기본법의 위헌 확인 헌법소원이 각하되었고, 2018년 교육부는 ‘교과용 도서 개발을 위한 편수자료’를 공지하면서 이전 정부에서 추지하였던 초등학교 교과서의 한자 병기 정책을 사실상 폐지하였다. 이에 따라 초등학교에서는 정규 교과의 학습 시간에 한자교육을 명시적으로 수행하기 어렵게 되었으며, 한자 교육은 창의적 체험활동 시간을 활용하여 학습할 수 있게 되었다. 이러한 실정으로 본고에서는 각 교과의 교육과정을 수행하면서 잠재적 교육과정으로 한문 고전을 활용한 한자 수업에서 전통적 가치관 교육의 실행 방안을 논의하였다. 학습자에게 전통적 가치관을 교육시키기 위해서는 학습자 스스로 전통적 가치가 담겨있는 여러 고전들을 읽고 그 의미를 탐색하여 스스로 성찰하도록 하여야 한다. 그러나 선인들의 전통적 가치관 을 추출할 수 있는 자료들은 대부분 한문으로 기록되어 있고 초등학교 학습자들은 한문으로 기록된 자료들을 읽을 수 없는 것이 현실이다. 따라서 본고에서는 전통적 가치가 담긴 고전을 번역하여 우리말로 풀이한 서사 텍스트를 활용하여 교육하는 방법을 논의하였다. 본고에서 전통적 가치가 담긴 서사 텍스트로 활용한 자료는 ≪삼국유사≫와 ≪삼국사기≫이다. 우리의 선조들이 동몽들의 덕성교육용 교재로 사용했던 ≪명심보감≫, ≪동몽선습≫, ≪격몽요결≫ 등과 같은 자료들이 사람의 본성이나 오륜의 도리, 처세의 원칙 등 유교의 전통 가치를 잘 담고 있어서 전통적 가치관의 교육 자료로 더 적절할 수 있겠으나 현재의 초등학교 교실 수업 현장을 고려할 때 위의 교재를 활용하기에는 많은 어려움이 있다. 그러므로 본고에서는 초등학교 학습자들이 서사 구조를 지닌 이야기를 들을 때 흥미를 가지고 수업에 참여한다는 사실에 주목하여 전통적 가치관을 담을 수 있는 서사 텍스트로서 ≪삼국유사≫와 ≪삼국사기≫의 일화 들을 선정하여 논의를 전개하였다. 2015 초･중등학교 교육과정은 홍익인간의 교육이념과 인격도야, 민주시민으로서의 자질 함양, 인간다운 삶의 영위, 민주국가의 발전과 인류공영의 이상 실현이라는 교육 목적을 이루기 위해 4가지 인간상을 제시하였다. 4가지 인간상은 자주적인 사람, 창의적인 사람, 교양 있는 사람, 더불어 사는 사람이다. 또한 2015 초･중등학교 교육과정은 교육과정이 추구하는 인간상을 실현하기 위해 교과 교육을 포함한 학교 교육 전 과정을 통해 중점적으로 기르고자 하는 6가지 역량을 제시하였다. 곧 자기관리 역량, 지식정보처리 역량, 창의적 사고 역량, 심미적 감성 역량, 의사소통 역량, 공동체 역량이다. 본고는 이러한 역량을 증진시키는 것이 중요하다고 인식하고 전통적 가치관 교육을 6가 지 역량의 신장과 관련지어 논의하였다. 다만 지식정보처리 역량은 중등학교 한문과 교육과정을 참고로 하여 인성역량으로 바꿔서 검토하였다. 본고에서 논의 한 ≪삼국유사≫와 ≪삼국사기≫의 서사 텍스트는 하나의 예시 자료이며 각 교과의 학습목표나 학습제재에 따라 다른 서사 텍스트로 대치할 수 있다. 또한 ≪삼국유사≫와 ≪삼국사기≫의 서사 자료에 국한하지 않고 초등학교 학습자들이 흥미 있게 학습에 몰입할 수 있는 다양한 한문 고전 자료의 활용도 가능할 것이다. 여기에서의 논의가 촉매가 되어 초등학교 수업 현장에서 한문 고전을 활용한 다양한 교수･학습 방법이 도출되기를 기대한다.

The word “dictionary” originated in China. China used to call the dictionary a “word book” which was used as a general term for the interpretation of Chinese characters, sounds, and meanings. At the beginning of the 20th century, in the era of modern China's alternating old and new cultures and Chinese and Western cultures, the social language has undergone tremendous changes, which has caused obstacles to the reading of the people and has also seriously affected academic research. In almost the same period, the Korean peninsula, which borders China, has also abolished the status of Chinese characters as an orthodox script under the influence of Japanese colonial rule. In the context of a similar era in which the culture of the country is influenced by foreign cultures, the “New Dictionary” and the “New Dictionary” of the Republic of Korea should be born on time. Both are compiled on the basis of the “Kangxi Dictionary” to comply with the new situation and new Form, hence the name of the "new dictionary." The characters in the two “The New Dictionary” are mostly the same, but there are also some characters in them, which are different because of factors such as referral and transmission. This article starts with the differences between the Chinese characters in the Chinese and Korean New Dictionaries and uses the Chinese character configuration theory to classify the differences in the shape of the characters and to trace the origin of the characters, combining ancient Chinese characters such as Oracle, Bronze, and Warring States. Further analysis of the reasons for the differences in the type of characters to analyze the characteristics of Chinese and Korean dictionary compilation.

This study investigates whether a natural order exists for non-native acquisition in the production of English syllable coda obstruents by Korean and Chinese adult native speakers. We recorded L2 English monosyllabic words produced by 66 Chinese and 51 Korean native speakers. The recorded speech was then evaluated by 11 native-speaker listeners of English to determine the accuracy of coda consonants. The results showed that in both Chinese and Korean languages, the mean proportion of L2 forms was consistently ordered across all groups of different proficiencies: Substitution > Insertion > Deletion. Our results support the Natural Order Hypothesis that non-native phonology has the same general order, no matter what might be the language proficiency of the learners or the learners’ native language. However, the results do not support the view that this order is the acquisition sequence or the difficulty order. Other findings include that non-native phonology operates according to recoverability rather than transfer or markedness.

본고는 식당 종업원 호칭에 대한 선행연구의 조사자료 및 그들 간의 의미를 재고한 뒤, 그 것을 토대로, 한 중 교재 속에 반영된 일반 식당 상황 하의 호칭어 사용 양상을 양적인 측면 에서 고찰하고 교육적 함의를 찾는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해, 본고는 우선 선행연구의 설문 결과 중에서 “여/저기요”와 “帥哥/美女”를 중심으로 시간에 따른 사용 변화 양상을 메타적 관점에서 관찰한다. 관찰에는 시대 흐름별 차이와 더불어 격식 유무별 차이 등이 포함된다. 그 로부터 얻은 결과를 기초로, 한 중 교재 속 식당 장면에서 사용되는 호칭들이 선행연구에서 보여준 사용 결과와 부합하는지 그리고 그 점에서 한 중 교재 간에는 어떤 공통점과 차이점 이 있는지를 양적 측면에서 살펴본다.

리더십 발현과정에는 사회·문화적 맥락으로 인해 차이가 발생할 수 있으나, 국내에서 수행된 다수의 리더십 연구에서는 이러한 특징을 고려하는데 한계가 있다. 이러한 원인은 연구대상을 한국인으로 국한 하기 때문으로 판단된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한국인과 중국인을 연구대상으로 설정하여 리더십 영향력 과정에서 나타나는 차이를 실증적으로 비교하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 임파워링 리더십, 기본심리욕구, 선 제적 행동을 연구의 주요 개념으로 설정하였다. 구체적으로 임파워링 리더십의 기본심리욕구(자율성, 관 계성, 유능성 욕구)에 대한 영향력을 확인하고, 기본심리욕구의 선제적 행동(피드백 추구행동, 발언행동) 에 대한 영향력 관계를 설정하였다. 다음으로 임파워링 리더십과 선제적 행동(피드백 추구행동, 발언행 동)의 관계에서 기본심리욕구(자율성, 관계성, 유능성 욕구)의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위한 자료는 번역타당성 검증과정을 거쳐 설문지를 완성하였으며, 한국인과 중국인으로부터 수 집하였다. 연구대상별 총 330부의 설문지를 배부하여 회수된 자료 가운데 불성실하게 응답한 자료를 제외 하고, 한국인 303명, 중국인 301명으로부터 획득된 자료를 분석하였다. 가설검증을 위한 과정에서 측정도 구의 타당성과 신뢰성은 연구대상을 통합하여 분석을 수행하였으며, 상관관계 및 가설검증은 연구대상을 분리하였다. 연구결과를 정리하면, 임파워링 리더십의 기본심리욕구 만족에 대한 영향력, 기본심리욕구 만족의 선제적 행동에 대한 영향력, 기본심리욕구 만족의 매개효과 경로에서 연구대상에 따른 차이가 확 인되었다. 이러한 결과는 글로벌 경영환경에서 임파워링 리더십을 발휘하는 경우 추종자의 국적에 따른 차이를 고려한 접근을 제안하고 있으며, 기본심리욕구 만족에 있어 임파워링 리더십의 역할을 확인하는 계기를 제공하고 있다.

This study was conducted to survey the perception and preferences of customers that have dined at Korean restaurants in China and investigate the importance and performance level of quality attributes, customer satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention. The survey was conducted January 31~March 1, 2016 in China. The 293 questionnaires (97.7%) were analyzed using SPSS(Ver. 23.0) and AMOS(Ver. 21.0). Results of this study are as follow: Customers that dined at a Korean restaurant in China were composed of 157 women and 136 men. Regarding the reason for preferring Korean cuisine, taste, hygiene and nutritional value of Korean food were the most significant quality factors. Regarding complaints about Korean food, Chinese people placed much emphasis on freshness of ingredients when dining out, based on the majority of complaints about ingredients that were not fresh. The main reason for leftover food were personal eating habits and that of customers revisiting food taste and nutrition. Path model among customer satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention revealed the factor of menus and attributes of menu items regarding customer’s age that had an impact on customers’ satisfaction, and association with customers’ satisfaction, revisit intention and recommendation intention as well.

We compared the genetic structures of overwintered indigenous Korean and Chinese populations. The eight Koreanpopulations consisted of 33 haplotypes, and 16 haplotypes were newly identified. The genetic diversity of the Koreanpopulation revealed high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity of 0.86 and 0.0024 on average, respectively,due to the high dispersal ability, which is similar to that of the Chinese population (Sun et al., 2015). Comparison with30 Chinese populations using a population tree showed that the Korean populations grouped with 12 Chinese populationsand that 67% were located near Jiangsu province. Moreover, the three frequent migration regions by migratory SBPH,including the Buan, Shinan and Taean counties, were grouped together with high supporting values. These results mightsupport the presence of gene flow between the Korean and Chinese populations by migratory SBPHs.

It is becoming increasingly essential for firms to achieve social improvement. Consumers no longer support firms that solely seek profits. A worldwide consumer survey found that 66% of respondents are willing to pay premium prices for brands from firms concerned with social well-being (Nielsen Report, 2015). Therefore, many firms actively engage in various societal marketing activities to elicit positive responses from consumers. As societal marketing continues to increase in importance, many studies have focused on the effect of corporate social responsibility activities. As one such activity, cause-related marketing (CM) is defined as “the process of formulating and implementing marketing activities that are characterized by an offer from the firm to contribute a specified amount to a designated cause when customers engage in revenue-providing exchanges that satisfy organizational and individual objectives” (Varadarajan & Menon, 1988, p.60). This enables a firm to improve its brand image or reputation and increase sales (Henderson & Arora 2010; Pracejus & Olsen 2004). A firm that employs CM can differentiate itself in competitive markets, which leads to increase in consumer’ purchase intention and their willingness to pay more for the firm’s brands (Müller, Fries, & Gedenk, 2014; Strahilevitz, 1999; Winterich & Barone, 2011). Therefore, CM expenditures are predicted to reach 2.06 billion dollars in 2017 (IEG Report, 2016). Further, CM growth continues worldwide in both developed and developing countries (Adkins, 2008; Wymer & Samu, 2009). Therefore, we focus on CM among various societal marketing activities. Many firms conduct CM in markets that differ both economically and culturally. However, cross-country or cultural research on consumers’ responses to CM is scarce. Although some studies consider cultural factors, most are based on Western-Eastern or individualism-collectivism typology (Ralston, et al., 2008; Yuan, Song, & Kim, 2011). It is dangerous to assume a bi-cultural continuum without considering the multiple variations within the Western or Eastern worlds. The current research addresses this limitation in literature, by exploring CM within the Asian market. We specifically examine Korea and China, as these countries are included in Asian culture, but differences exist between the two. The majority of previous research has discovered factors for successful CM, including the donation magnitude and quantifier, product traits (e.g., type, involvement), the company’s characteristics such as reputation or image, and the cause’s familiarity or importance (Barone, Miyazaki & Taylor, 2000; Lafferty, & Edmondson, 2014; Pracejus, Olsen, & Brown, 2003; Samu & Wymer, 2009). The results regarding the product type’s effect on consumer responses toward CM, revealed that guilt received considerable attention. It has been found that guilt generated by hedonic consumption compels consumers to purchase CM products. Further, the consumer regards the product’s CM as a means of justifying their hedonic product purchase. Many studies demonstrate that consumers choose CM products to reduce guilty-feeling regarding consumers simply as beings who seek to maximize utility. However, CM must also be illuminated, as CM is marketing strategy that involves donation. In summary, we take both economic and ethical perspective based on the dual process theory. From an economic view point, we examine the effect of guilt on consumers’ preferences for CM products. We then propose a new factor from an ethical perspective. Further, we study the two factors’ impacts on consumers’ decision-making through a cultural comparison. We conducted a between-subjects experiment. It was found that Korean consumers felt guiltier and the mean of perceived value of CM was higher in Chinese consumers (Table Ⅰ). As the below Figure Ⅰ illustrates, there was significant interaction effect between countries (Korea versus China) and product type (utilitarian versus hedonic). We also confirmed that the underlying consumer response mechanism to CM products differs between Korean and Chinese. These results support prior studies’ conclusions, in that guilt is the key factor in consumers’ decision-making processes regarding hedonic CM products. And we present the value perception as new influential factor. This paper provides several implications. First, we attempt to overcome previous research’s narrow viewpoint toward CM. As research is scarce regarding the ethical or philanthropic aspect of CM, we focus on that aspect with a particular focus on consumers’ perception of CM value. Second, this paper draws on the dual mode theory, to proposes another new influential factor that affects consumer behavior. As dual processes’ relative effects may differ depending on context (Sonenshein, 2007), therefore, and third, this study examines these effects using a cultural context. Korea and China have a substantial ripple effect on the global economy, thus, it is valuable to study the two countries’ different responses toward CM. Finally, our study provides more insight and practical implications for firms in the Korean and Chinese markets.

The Chinese fashion market, which has typically been dominated by luxury brands, is expanding more into mid- to low-end fashion brands including global SPA (Specialty retailer of private label apparel) brands. This change in the Chinese fashion market is due to the growth of the middle class in China. The advance of the Chinese middle class is attributed to the fact that the wages of large city workers is improving due to the development of various industries, particularly IT. Recently, the Chinese government has initiated an anti-corruption movement, which has led to the prohibition of luxury goods consumption, and so the interest of Chinese potential fashion consumers has moved to the mid-to low-end fashion products imported from developed countries. In addition, young Chinese consumers' positive attitude toward online shopping is favorable for foreign mid-to low-end brands. These changes in the tastes of Chinese fashion consumers are favorable for Korean fashion brands in particular for several reasons. First, the Korean fashion industry does not have a history of producing luxury brands, but does produce many good mid- to low-end fashion brands. In addition, Chinese tend to consider Korean fashion and food culture as more developed and preferable due to the success of the Korean wave. Lastly, it is easy for Korean practitioners to offer online shopping and customer service. The emergence of mid- to low-end fashion brands started in Korea in the late 2000s when global SPA brands entered the market. Unlike Korea's soho brands, which are based on the "No-brand" strategy, global SPA brands have actually shaken up the market by offering reasonable prices for Korean domestic brand products that are of similar quality. Since then, consumers’ willingness to pay for clothing has been reduced even further in the Korean market even though the low-growth trend in the economy has stabilized. So, it is very important to analyze and study the consumption tendency for low and mid-priced fashion brands among both Chinese and Korean consumers. The purpose of this study was to investigate how Chinese and Korean consumers perceive the personality of mid- and low-priced fashion brands and how such personality affects brand loyalty, commitment, and perceived quality. Brand personality is a vital area of research since fashion products are a type of consumer good that is consumed by users close to the body and which can express the self and the personality to others. Aaker (1997) developed a brand personality measurement scale consisting of five dimensions which many researchers have used in exploring the brand personality dimension in various industries. In the study of fashion in particular, the dimension of brand personality has been explored and its effects have been analyzed. However, most of the research has focused on luxury or high priced brands. Also, the research has not compared cultures such as China and Korea in this regard. Therefore, this study explored how Chinese and Korean consumers perceive some of the mid- to low-end priced brands originating in Europe and Korea. Also, the research examined how multiple dimensions of brand personality affected perceived quality, commitment, and brand loyalty. This study assumed that perceived quality and commitment may mediate the relationship between brand personality dimensions and loyalty. In order to conduct quantitative research, this study adopted scales from the previous literature to measure the variables used in the research model. A professional online research company conducted the survey, which was designed to be administered only to potential consumers of mid-and low-priced fashion brands who had purchased one or both European and Korean brands which were suggested in the survey. Also, gender (female), residential area (Seoul, Beijing, Shanghai), and age (21-39 years old) were controlled for. In this research, the European origin brand was the global SPA (Zara, H & M, ONLY), and there were eight Korean brands, including “Style Nanda,” which is popular in China (Refer to Table 1). The data collected on the 250 Korean and 250 Chinese participants were analyzed using statistical package SPSS 20.0. The brand personality dimension was explored using factor analysis which applied Varimax rotation based on the principle component method. As a result, even though the items included were found to be somewhat different according to the country and origin of the brand, the brand personality dimensions of the European global brands turned out to be similar and reflected “TRENDY, SINCERITY, AND COMPETENCE.” Also, Chinese consumers’ perception of brand personality in Korean brands was found to be similar to their perception of European brands. However, Korean consumers’ perception of Korean brands, which are of course their own brands, was more diverse reflecting “TRENDY, SINCERITY, COMPETENCE, AND OUTGOING.” This seems to be because Korean consumers may have had more chance to experience Korean brands either online or offline through visiting stores or being exposed to a variety of marketing communications. Thus, because there are more Korean brands than European, Korean consumers may be able to have an accurate perception of the personality of Korean brands. The conceptual model of the current research includes the relationships among multiple dimensions of brand personality in perceived quality, commitment, and loyalty. Also, the mediating effect of quality and commitment between brand personality and loyalty was examined. In order to test the hypotheses, hierarchical multiple regression using SPSS was analyzed and is described in Table 2 in relation to European brands and in Table 3 in relation to Korean brands. As expected, brand personality dimensions that were found to be a significant factor in perceived quality, commitment, and loyalty were likely to vary based on Chinese or Korean perceptions. For Korean consumers’ perception of global brands, while TRENDY was likely to be the most powerful personality dimension forming brand loyalty, its impact on loyalty seemed not to be mediated by quality but rather by commitment. Also, the influences of COMPETENCE on loyalty were mediated by quality and commitment. For Chinese consumers’ perception of global brands, the impacts of SINCERITY as well as TRENDY on loyalty were found to be mediated by quality and commitment. In addition, COMPETENCE seemed to have a rather direct impact on quality, commitment, and loyalty without a mediating effect. For local brands, Korean consumers did not seem to rely on brand personality or commitment when considering brand loyalty. Since the R2 did not improve at all with adding mediating factors such as quality and commitment, there was found to be no mediating effects in the Korean cases for local brands. In particular, while TRENDY directly impacted loyalty, OUTGOING was found to be significant only in its impact on quality. On the other hand, all three dimensions of local brand personality turned out to be significant influencers on loyalty and quality for Chinese consumers. The impact of TRENDY and COMPETENCE on loyalty seems to be mediated by quality and commitment. In this study, we found that mid- to low-end fashion brands seemed to reflect valid brand personality according to the brand’s origin (global vs. local) as well as consumers’ culture (Chinese vs. Korean). Also, the effect of brand personality dimension was different. This study contributes to the study of brand personality and the Chinese fashion market by comparing a conceptual model of the consumption behavior of Chinese and Korean consumers in relation to mid and low-priced fashion brands and brand awareness formation. In particular, the research revealed differences between Chinese and Korean consumers, suggesting different approaches for Korean fashion practitioners who are planning on entering China, which has not only a similar market to that of Korea but also one that is familiar to Korean practitioners.

In this study, we conducted an empirical analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) by distributing questionnaires to 208 Chinese tourists who constitute the largest proportion of foreign tourists visiting South Korea. The survey was conducted in a face to face (FTF) manner with the aim to contribute to globalization of Korean cuisine through comprehensive analysis of the effects of preference characteristics of Korean wave dramas on the relationship among images, attitudes, and purchase intentions for Korean cuisine. The main actor characteristics among the preference characteristics of Korean wave dramas had a significant effect on the attitudes and purchase intentions for Korean cuisine. However, the thematic characteristics among the preference characteristics of Korean wave dramas did not have a significant effect on the purchase intentions for Korean cuisine; in addition, the production characteristics did not have a significant effect on the attitudes and purchase intentions for Korean cuisine. The eco-friendly and health images of Korean cuisine had a significant effect on the purchase intentions for Korean cuisine, and the attitudes toward Korean cuisine significantly affected the purchase intentions for Korean cuisine. Based on the results of this study, it is considered necessary to continuously publicize Korean cuisine through Korean wave dramas to build positive attitudes toward Korean cuisine through enhanced images of Korean cuisine.

‘Manhta/manhi’ and ‘duo’ are common expressions that can be used to express large quantity in Korean and Chinese, respectively. By conducting a comparative study on ‘manhta/manhi’ in Korean and ‘duo’ in Chinese, this article comes to a conclusion on different conditions where there are correspondence and non-correspondence concerning the constructions that include ‘manhta/manhi’ and ‘duo’. The constructions that include ‘manhta/manhi,’ ‘duo’ and verbs are (1) ‘manhi+transitive verbs’, ‘transitive verbs+duo’ and ‘duo+transitive verbs’; (2) ‘manhi+intransitive verbs’, ‘intransitive verbs+duo’ and ‘manhi+intransitive verbs’. The constructions that include ‘manhta’, ‘duo’ and nouns are (1) ‘nouns+manhta’ and ‘nouns+duo’; (2) ‘manhun+nouns’ and ‘duo+nouns’. By scrutinizing the constructions that include ‘duo’, ‘manhta’ and numeral and quantifier, and adjectives or adverbs according to their syntactic orders, the correspondence and non-correspondence between these constructions are summarized. In conclusion, this paper attempts to contribute to teaching and learning Korean for Chinese students, as well as teaching and learning Chinese for Koreans.

In January 2016, Korea began rice exporting to China from six domestic Rice Processing Complexes (RPC). The appearance characteristics and quality of medium-short grain milled rice between the exported Korean rice was compared with Wuchang rice, which is known as high quality in Heilongjiang province in China, and the imported rice from Japan and Taiwan in Chinese circulating marketing. The 1000-grain weight of exported rice is 22.4g, which is similar to that of Chinese Wuchang rice, but it tended to be heavier than that of Japanese and Taiwanese. The rice type is round in exporting Korean, Japanese, and Taiwanese rice while Chinese Wuchang rice is thin and long with 2.5. The head rice rate of export rice was 93.3 ~ 98.4%, which was 95.8% on average, which was higher than that of Chinese Wuchang rice, and similar to that of Japanese, and Taiwanese. The protein content of the export rice was 5.2 ~ 6.2%, which was 5.8% on average, similar to that of Chinese Wuchang rice, Japanese and Taiwanese. Amylose content was 18.5% of the exported rice, which was lower than that of Chinese Wuchang rice and slightly higher than that of Japanese and Taiwanese. The whiteness of the exported Korean rice was 35.6 on the average, lower than 41.8 of Chinese Wuchang rice, and lower than that of Japanese and Taiwanese. The purity of rice variety being exported ranged from 87.5 to 100.0%, which was 96.5% on average. This was much higher than that of Chinese Wuchang rice, while the Japanese and Taiwan rices were similar. The sensory test of rice by the experts, cooked rice of the exported was evaluated to be good for all items such as taste, sticky glutinous, and texture compared to Chinese Wuchang rice.

This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of the contemporary Chinese fashion market and the competitiveness of Korean fashion brands in China. Fashion professionals experienced in both the Korean and Chinese fashion markets participated to investigate the Shanghai market and consumers. The results of in-depth interviews show that Shanghai is the most favorable city among Tier 1 cities for Korean fashion brands planning on entering into the Chinese market. Shanghai consumers are open to international brands and highly prefer newness in fashion. Contemporary menswear was selected as a potentially big market due to the increase of unique, young, upper-middle-class male consumers. The Korean fashion brands’ strength is that they are capable of satisfying Shanghai consumers with excellent product planning and sensory design capabilities. Their disadvantage is that their brand recognition is weaker than that of global and international brands, and their ability to localize to the Chinese market is weak. The opportunity comes is from the Korean Wave, which is a positive for Korea's products and has good geographical access. The threat is that the Shanghai market is fiercely competitive; having access to many worldwide brands, and the competitiveness of Chinese brands is on the rise. To enter the Shanghai market, creative design ability, trendy product development, skill, and appropriate PR methods such as using Korean culture contents would be required to satisfy the young, powerful consumers in Shanghai.

漢字語는 한국으로 도입되는 과정에서 원래의 형태와 의미가 통째로 차용되는 한편, 한국 어 어휘 체계의 내부적 특성과 제약 및 고유의 언어 관습에 따라 적절히 수정되어, 형태·기 능·의미 등 여러 면에서 변화를 가져왔다. 하지만 한국어 漢字語와 중국어 어휘의 관계는 여 전히 일정한 대응관계를 이루고 있다. 본 논문은 한국어 漢字語와 현재 중국에서 사용되고 있는 어휘의 유래와 특징 및 對應과 非對應관계를 비교했다. 또한 이를 통해 중국어 어휘와 동일하거나 유사 혹은 반대되는 의미로 사용되는 한자어의 특성 및 용법의 공통점과 차이점 을 찾고자 했다.

조선족은 중국 역사의 격변을 함께 치루면서 생존했다. 물론 그 과정에서 그들은 역사적 상처를 입을 수밖에 없었고, 그로 인해 각종 희생과 고난을 경험해야 했다. 특히 일본의 침 략, 한국의 6.25전쟁과 항미원조는 대표적인 역사적 사건에 해당한다. 이러한 사건이 일어날 때마다, 조선족은 생존을 위한 선택을 강요받았다. 훗날 조선족 작가들은 이러한 역사와 생존 의 현장을 제재로 선택하여 작품을 집필했다. 그 중 조선족의 희곡에는 이러한 역사의 격변 과 생존의 문제가 수용될 수밖에 없었다. 본 연구는 조선족 희곡에 수용된 역사적 상처와 기 록으로서의 의미를 분석하는 것에 목표를 둔다. 황봉룡, 최정연 그리고 김훈은 이러한 역사적 순간을 포착하고 억압된 의미를 살려내는 것에 역점을 두었다. 본 연구는 그들의 희곡에 담 긴 역사의 상처를 해석하고 기록으로서의 조선족의 희곡을 살펴보고자 한다.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect that Chinese tourists’ perceptions of beauty products and their friendliness toward Korean culture have on beauty tourism, particularly on Chinese tourists’ intent to purchase, re-purchase, and recommend beauty products. Between the 10th and 21st of June, 2016, a total of 277 questionnaires were distributed in Seoul, Busan, and Daegu using SPSS 21.0. Cronbach’s α was undertaken to test the reliability of the questions and an analysis of the frequency, factors, t-test, and Sobel test used in the study. Korean beauty was derived from two factors: “product favorability” and “product excellence and credibility.” Product favorability had a significant effect on the intent to purchase, as did participants’ friendliness toward Korean culture. Re-purchases and the intent to recommend beauty products were also significantly affected. In the relationship between the perception of beauty products and the intent to purchase, the study revealed partial mediation effects of the participants’ friendliness toward Korean culture on product favorability and complete mediation effects on product excellence and credibility. Friendliness toward Korean culture had partially mediated the effect that product favorability had on the intent to re-purchase and recommend. Tourists’ friendliness toward Korean culture had complete mediation on the effect that product excellence and credibility had on the intent to re-purchase and recommend. According to the Gender Equality and Family Act, the difference between buying and selling beauty depends on the difference between purchase and intentions. Friendliness toward Korean culture has become an important variable thanks to product superiority and reliability.

There are grammatical markers of tense that are obligatory in English and Korean, ho wever, these grammatical temporal forms are absent in Chinese. Although it is uncontrov ersial that Chinese does not morphologically encode tense, there are several other ways in which temporal information can be encoded (Smith&Erbaugh, 2005). Chinese is an aspect system language which marks aspect. On the contrast, English is a tense system languag e which marks tense. In our review of languages considered in this study, the main focus will be on aspect system and tense system which are illustrated by Chinese, English and Korean. The author will illustrate that the tense and aspect system of Chinese is different from that of Korean and English. Our argument in this paper focuses on three categories which can be referred to as the present, past and future. In chapter one, the motive of re search that difference of aspect and tense expression in Chinese, English and Korea was introduced and the course of this research was mentioned. A contrasting study was conducted in chapter two. As for contrasting the characteristics of three languages, the author hope that this paper would help to learn Chinese, English or Korean easily.

본고에서는 한중 양국에서 사용하는 동형한자어 중 특히 형태는 같지만 의미가 전혀 다른 동형완전이의어에 주목하여 연구를 진행하였다. 먼저 중국어 ‘기본어휘표’에 있는 2음절 단어 중 한중 동형완전이의어를 골라 각 단어의 의미를 비교해 살펴보았다. 그리고 선별한 한자어 들을 단어의 의미변화 유형에 따라 의미가 확대된 경우, 의미가 축소된 경우, 의미가 전이된 경우, 어원이 다른 경우 등 네 가지로 분류하고, 동형이의어가 발생하게 된 원인을 언어적, 역사적, 사회 문화적 원인, 외국어의 영향 등 네 가지로 나누어 살펴보았다. 이어서 선행연구 를 통해 몇 가지 동형이의어 교육방법을 살펴보고 이를 활용해 동형완전이의어를 효과적으로 교수-학습할 수 있는 방법으로 대비 분석을 통한 교육방법과 Ausubel의 선행조직자를 이용 한 유의미 학습 방안을 제시하였다.