본 연구는 이양-능주간 국도비탈면의 표면침식을 방지하고 친화경적으로 녹화를 실시하기 위해 주요 비탈면 녹화공법에 대해서 시험시공을 실시하여 현장에 적합한 비탈면 녹화공법을 선정하기 위하여 수행되었다. 리핑암과 발파암 비탈면에 적용된 각 공법의 식생기반재는 기준치 이내로 나타났으며, 토양경도와 토양산도도 기준치 이내로 식물이 발아 생육하는데 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 출현종수는 리핑암 비탈면에서는 녹화공법 A와 녹화공법 B가 파종한 12종 중 11종이 출현하여 높은 발아율을 보였으나, 녹화공법 C는 20종 중 12종이 출현하여 상대적으로 낮은 비율을 보였다. 발파암 비탈면의 녹화공법 A-1은 16종 중 15종이 출현하였으며, 녹화공법 B-1은 12종 중 10종이 출현하였다. 하지만 녹화공법 C-1은 19종 중 12중이 출현하였다. 시험시공 6개월 후,「비탈면녹화 설계 및 시공 잠정 지침(안)」에 의한 식생피복율 평가에서 리핑암비탈면에서는 녹화공법 C가 약 92%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 발파암 비탈면에서는 녹화공법 C-1이 96%로 가장 높게 나타났다.

유통기간중의 환경조건은 숙주나물의 상품성에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 유통과정중 필연적으로 부딪히는 빛이 숙주나물의 상품성에 미치는 영향을 추적하여 판매용 소봉지 도안에 필요한 정보를 제공하고자 광질(청색, 녹색, 황색, 적색 및 초적색) 처리가 8℃ 에 저장중인 숙주나물의 녹화 시간, 저장 5일후까지 매일 형태와 무게에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 숙주나물의 녹화에는 2.5~3.5 일이 소요된 청색광, 적색광과 초적색광에 비하여 6일 이상 소요된 녹색광과 황색광 처리에서 상대적으로 길었다. 2. 발생된 개체당 세근수는 광질 처리간 차이가 없었으나 전체 길이는 황색광 처리에서, 하배축 직경은 청색광 처리에서 가장 길고 굵은 것으로 조사되었다. 3. 개체당 전체 생체중과 건물중은 적색광 처리에서 가장 많았던 반면, 초적색광 처리에서 가장 적었다. 4. 녹화에 걸리는 시간이 가장 길었던 녹색과 황색 모두 저장기간이 길어질수록 숙주나물의 길이, 직경과 무게가 감소되었으나 그 영향은 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 5. 이상의 결과로부터 숙주나물의 판매용 소봉지는 형태와 무게의 변화보다는 녹화로 인한 상품성 손실이 크기 때문에 주로 녹색과 황색으로 도안이 이루어져야 한다.

본 연구는 도시 내 생태환경을 개선하는데 있어 중요한 역할을 담당하는 옥상녹화에 대한 최근의 한일 옥상녹화 지원제도 및 시공실태를 비교 분석한 결과 다음과 결론은 얻을 수 있었다. 국내 옥상녹화를 더욱 활성화하기 위해서는 녹화시스템 등의 기술개발은 물론 이를 장려할 수 있는 제도의 보완이 중요하다고 판단된다. 특히, 현재 일본에서 시행하고 있는 옥상녹화 관련 공사비의 저금리 융자나 조세감면 혜택, 식물 지원이나 기술지도 등의 방안이 고려될 필요가 있다. 또한 국내 옥상녹화 조성에 있어서도 제도 보완을 통한 보급 확대는 물론 지역차별성을 고려한 옥상녹화 유형의 다양화, 식물 소재의 다변화, 모니터링에 통한 조성 후 평가 및 관리, 전국 단위의 조성 사례 집계 자료 축적 등이 필요하다고 판단된다.

Recent urban sprawl has destroyed various kinds of green space in the city. It has affected quality of people’s life in the city, as well as urban ecosystem. Recent study shows the possibilities of roofs as green spaces in urban central site where the land costs are generally high. This research focuses on Jung-Gu district in Daegu Metropolitan city as a study area and calculates possible area of green roof using 2002 Autocad program based on aerial photographs and land registration maps. And the purpose of this research is to analyze environmental and economic effects of green roof. The environmental effects are as follows. It is expected that 91,106 ㎡ green spaces, 12.13 % of study site, will be added if green roof is performed in the study site. It is assumed that the expanded areas could reduce the highest temperature to 0.5-1.0 ℃ during the summer in terms of environmental effect. And the following shows the economic effects. If green roof and greening urban central site are created as a same size of 91,106 ㎡, it will be expected that the costs of green roof will be much more inexpensive than about 98 billions won. It will be also found that the expense of cooling energy can be saved out about 8 millions won per day in summer, if grass planting is accomplished on the possible areas of green roof in the study site. Therefore, it is desirable to take legal supports such as enacting regulations to activate green roof for more environmental and economic effects. For instance, green roof for public institutions, school and model area selection are desirable method to publicize the effect of greening program for citizen's participation.

지금까지 도시의 성장은 도시의 기반시설의 공급과 배치에 중점을 두면서 발전하여 왔다. 이로 인하여 주민생활의 질적향상 보다는 양적팽장 위주로 도시계획이 이루어져 왔다. 이러한 도시발전에 따라 도심구조가 점차 복잡해지고 다기능화 됨에 따라, 그 본질의 순기능보다 역기능을 유발시키는 등 그 한계를 나타내며 도시환경에 부정적인 영향을 나타내게 되었다. 현재 각국의 대도시에서 나타나고 있는 열섬(Heat Island)현상은 도시화 과정에서 나타난 대표적인 환경문제의 하나로, 이 문제를 해결하기 위해여 선진 각국은 국가차원에서 노력을 기울이고 있다(김상진, 2005). 본 연구는 열섬현상 완화 등 도시생태환경의 개선을 위한 하나의 방법으로 주목을 받고 있는 옥상녹화에 대해서 일본을 사례로 하여 조성현황을 분석하였다. 도쿄도는 2001년 4월부터 부지면적이 250㎡이상의 공공시설과 1000㎡이상의 민간시설을 대상으로 이용 가능한 옥상공간의 20%에 수목과 잔디, 초화류 등의 식재를 의무화하는 조례를 제정해 실시하고 있었다. 오사카부에서는 「민간시설녹화추진사업」을 활용하여 1994년부터 2004년까지 22개의 시설에 대해서 옥상녹화 지원사업을 실시한 것으로 나타났다. 2000년부터 2004년까지 5년 동안의 옥상녹화 시공면적이 10,000㎡를 넘는 지방자치단체는 12개로 나타났으며, 그 중에서도 도쿄도가 237,040㎡(30.5%)로 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 가나가와현 73,812㎡(10.8%), 오사카부 73,812㎡(9.5%), 아이치현 60,165㎡(7.7%) 등의 순으로 나타났다. 식재형식에 따른 옥상녹화 시공면적은 복합형 식재가 212,198㎡로 전체의 33.8%를 차지해 가장 많았으며, 세덤 중심의 식재가 211,257㎡(33.7%), 잔디 중심의 식재가 130,976㎡(20.9%)로 전체의 88.4%인 554,431㎡를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 건축물 용도별 옥상녹화 시공면적은 주택․공동주택의 주택계가 172,555㎡(22.2%)로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 교육문화시설 119,530㎡(15.3%), 의료복지시설 98,894㎡(12.7%) 등 공적인 시설의 순이었다. 특히, 상업시설에 대한 옥상녹화 시공면적은 2000년도 906㎡에서 2004년도 27,836㎡로 가장 많은 증가추세를 보였다. 일본에서는 2001년 도쿄도, 2002년 효고현를 포함해 현재 42개 지방자치단체(공공단체 포함)에서 옥상녹화를 지원하는 조례 및 지원제도를 정비해 보급에 힘쓰고 있다. 우리나라에서도 서울, 인천, 부산, 대구, 울산 등과 같은 대도시에서 옥상녹화를 권장하는 조례를 제정해 옥상녹화 보급을 위해 노력을 기울이고 있다. 하지만 아직 초보적인 단계에 머물고 있다. 따라서 국가나 지방자치단체가 보다 적극적으로 공공시설의 옥상녹화 관련 시범사업의 확대 및 보조제도의 도입 등 현실적인 조치가 뒷받침되어야 할 것으로 본다.

도로변 컨테이너 화분용이나 옥상녹화용 내건성 자생식물을 선발하기 위하여 생육이 왕성한 시기에 단수를 한 후 토양수분장력과 관상가능기간을 조사한 결과 시험재료 10종중 무늬둥굴레를 제외한 바위채송화, 돌나물, 연화바위솔, 좀바위솔, 해국, 꿩의비름, 두메부추, 기린초 및 둥근잎꿩의비름 등 9종이 관상가능기간과 생존기간이 길어 적합한 화종으로 나타났다.

This study was carried out to establish the master plan of Hadong park, public park for a unit of town in Hadong county. It was divided into two parts: site analysis, and planning. The present situation was analyzed in historical, cultural, and natural(geographical, topographical, climate etc.) aspects. The planning was focused on a nature-oriented, facility-oriented, and health-oriented park that can be accessed easily by residents. The analyses and planning of this study are summarized as follows. This site was located on Gal-Ma hill(渴馬峰) in Hadong county. The area was 168.608㎡. In the site area, there were cultural properties. The slope was a little steep. On top of the site, Seomjingang(river) could be viewed. Most area was utilized as farm land. The summit, Chung-Hon tower(忠魂塔), Seom-Ho summerhouse(蟾湖亭) has been landmarks. The main concept and consideration of this planning were the identity of Hadong county, an ecologically responsive park, the function for the leisure and recreation of residents, and the increase of tourists. The plan contained the special natures and histories of Hadong. The local symbolism and the special culture were expressed and Learning on the nature was performed.

This study analyzes the recognition of commercial business men and employers who operate the commercial zone along the streets in the downtown area on the planting for the roadside green space forming the important frame of greening in the downtown among the open spaces. Through the analysis, this study attempts to get the basic data to suggest the recommendable directions in planting and managing the street trees in the downtown. The results of this study are summarized as described below. The street green spaces are very important in improving the environment of the downtown and their necessities are also very critical. It was found that the street trees were recognized as the critical factor to enhance the aesthetical values of the city, provide the green shades and purify the air. This study also identified that the street trees have the positive impacts on the business environment rather than negative impacts. In maintaining the street green spaces, the most necessity is the service facility such as resting areas, toilets and garbage bins with the street trees. The commercial business men and employers who operate the businesses along the streets preferred the double layer type that the tall trees and green walls are planted together along the streets for the street planting. For securing the green shades in the city, the planting of linear green spaces such as streets and waterways is critical. Moreover, the street trees accounts for the important position in the urban open spaces. The majority of commercial business men and employers consider the participation of citizens for greening as the very essential factor.

In order to study the low control and lightweight roof planting system, six kinds of drainage-block were examined(Drainage-block, Egg-mat, P.P-tusupet SO920, Eco-mat, World drainage F, Drainage adiabatic-blocks). The peat moss with perlite(1:1, v/v) of a 10cm-depth media was used followed by Sedum sarmentosum planted at intervals of 10cm. Most of all management did not applied. The result was as follows; The World drainage F was light the most, the maximum storage of water(L) is that Drainage-block per 1㎡ 302L. Per 1㎡ price of drainage-blocks the World drainage F was the cheapest and construction costs were relatively minimal. The 6 controls did not exhibit a large difference. In 15~20days, the covering weight of the Drainage-block and Egg-mat which were fallen quite a bit was high but the covering rate seemed to almost same, chlorophyll contents is also same conclusion with covering weight. During the summer(July, August. September), the ground temperature of each drainage compared in 8℃ that was evenly low, the Drainage adiabatic-blocks filled the role of let high temperature down. During the dry period(after two weeks), the growing condition of Egg-mat, Eco-mat and Drainage adiabatic-blocks were better than before, the condition of controled composition is good although the composition was differently transferred. All controled conditions was not bad even in rainy period.

The purpose of this study is to select the appropriate wild herbaceous plants on the rooftop. For the purpose of the experiments, 14 wild herbaceous plants were chosen. As the results of the experiments, the wild herbaceous plants growing on the culture soil(perlite) Among the 14 kinds of wild herbaceous plants, such as Chrysanthemum boreale, Taraxacum mongolicum, Aster Koraiensis, Aster yomena, Oenothera odorata, Oenothera lamarckiana, Patrinia scabiosaefolia showed good effects on growth of above ground parts. Therefore, these plants will effective for the rooftop revegetation. Callistephus chinensis and Lotus corniculatus var. Japonicus showed good height growth, wherase covering rate was worst. Chrysanthemum boreale, Platycodon grandiflorum, Patrinia scabiosaefolia were plant height, wherase covering rate was not good . For the expected number of seedings more than 3,000 per square meter, many seedings got withered to death while the survivors were suppressed to grow slow in the early stage due to the densityproblem.

The effects on photosynthesis of NaCl(0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 or 1.0 M) were examined in etiolated barley seedlings. Chlorophyll(Chl) a, Chl b and carotenoid contents, Chl a fluorescence and quenching coefficients of Chl fluorescence have been determined in the primary leaves of etiolated barley seedlings cultivated under low light(60 μ㏖ m-2s-1). Chl a, b, and carotenoid contents were decreased remarkably in comparison with the control at 0.4 M NaCl. However, the value of Fo and Fv were decreased at 0.6 M NaCl and the ratio of Fv/Fm were deceased at 1.0 M NaCl. Chlorophyll synthesis was seriously inhibited from 0.4 M NaCl, and the photosynthetic electron transport system was inhibited from 0.6 M NaCl. Quantum of photosystem II reaction center was inhibited at 1.0 M NaCl. The effects of NaCl on the Chl content were raised in a 6 hrs, but the effects of NaCl on the value of Fo, Fv and Fv/Fm were raised in 30 hrs. The value of qP was decreased in comparison with the control at all concentrations, but there was a small change in the value qE. These results provide evidence that NaCl inhibited effects of various concentration of NaCl were inhibited quinone redox, however, proton gradient between thylakoid membranes was little damaged.

To investigate the effects of sulfite on the chloroplast development, etiolated barley seedlings were treated with 100 mM sulfite solution every 3 hour by spraying during 96 hours greening period. The effects were determined by chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids contents, photosynthetic electron transport activity, chlorophyll fluorescence yield and fluorescence quenching parameters. The contents of chlorophyll a and carotenoids were decreased than that of control by treatment of sulfite over 48 hours greening. PS Ⅱ is more sensitive to sulfite than PS I is. And by the addition of DPC to the chloroplasts of the barley seedling treated with sulfite, the photoreduction of DCPIP was not recovered. In greening with sulfite treated barley leaves, Fo, Fv and Fv/Fm ratio were decreased with little difference from that of control. But qP, qNP and qR were lowed in comparison with those of controls whereas qE was slightly higher than that of control. Especially, it is interesting that qR was decreased markedly compared to that of control. The results in the change of PS I activity, Fv/Fm and qP suggest that the site of inhibition by sulfite is carbon dioxide reduction cycle.

Various light intensity and light quality were treated to oat seedlings to investigate the effect of light on the chlorophyll accumulation and the formation of chlorophyll-protein complexes. The increase of total chlorophyll accumulation and Chl (chlorophyll) a/b ratio was promoted under H (high intensity) white light during oat chloroplast development when compared to L (low intensity) white light. Also H white right was more effective in the formation of chlorophyll-protein complexes associated with PSI, CCI and CCII than L white light. The seedlings grown in various light quality caused little changes in total chlorophyll and Chl a/b ratio when compared to those grown in L white light. The assembly of LHCII trimer was more affected by L white light treatment in the formation of-chlorophyll-protein complexes than red light treatment. The effect of blue light on the relative composition of chlorophyll-protein complexes was similar to that of L white light. Particualrly, blue light was more effective in the synthesis of LHCII monomer than the other hot quality at the early stage of greening. When compared to red light, blue light was more effective in the formation of LHCII monomer. These results suggest that light intensity is more effective in the increase of chlorophyll accumulation and Chl a/b ratio than light quality, and light quality may be an important factor for the regulation of the organization in the chlorophyll-protein complexes during greening.

The effects of 0.2 ppm ozone on the developing chloroplast of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedling during greening were examined by chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic electron transport activity, Fo, Fv and fluorescence quenching coefficient. Chlorophyll contents of seedling treated with ozone were not changed in comparison with the control during the 96 h greening experiment, but PS Ⅱ activity of the chloroplasts of seedlings treated with ozone was decreased by 15%. Fo was slightly decreased but Fv was decreased by 13% in comparison with the control. In fluorescence quenching analysis, qP and qE were decreased by 11% and 19%, respectively, in comparison with the control. These results suggest that oxidation site of PS Ⅱ is the site affected mostly and PQ pool is also affected slightly by 0.2 ppm ozone.

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data of the growth characteristics of the landscape trees for better landscape planting design, construction and maintenance through the prediction of landscape change as time passes by the analysis of survival rate, distribution patterns & increment percent of tree height, width, stem diameter (breast or surface) of widely used six tree species in Seongnam-si Eunhang-jugong apartment housing areas (8 years have passed after landscape planting work). The main results can be summarized as follows: The tree survival rate of Pinus parviflora was the highest rate 89.2% than any other species, but Acer buergerianum showed the lowest survival rate as that of it 35.0%, & that of Picea abies 70.5 %, Metasequoia glyptostroboides 71.6%, Magnolia denudata 38.9%, Acer palmatum was 71.7%. As a whole, the tree survival rate of coniferous trees were relatively high. The tree height increment percent of the deciduous species were relatively high. And that of Metasequoia glyptostroboides was the highest rate 11.61 % than any other species, but that of Magnolia denudata was the lowest rate 5.59% than any other species. According to this results, the increment percent of trees in this apartment areas were comparatively lower than that of each related species planted in nursery area. And this results would be considered when landscape experts do landscape planting design, construction & maintenance. The distribution patterns of present tree size showed a Normal Distribution like any other biological features.