본 연구는 객토를 한 간척지에서 석고시용 수준이 알팔파의 수량과 사료성분에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 실험장소는 간척한지 17~33년 경과된 석문간척지로서 약 70 cm 정도 객토한 토양이었다. 객토에 사용한 흙은 섬토양의 제염을 하지 않은 것 이었다. 처리는 석고를 시용하지 않은 0 ton/ha 구(G0), 석 고를 2 ton/ha(G2) 및 4 ton/ha(G4) 시용한 구로 하였다. 수확은 알팔파가 개화초기(개화 10%)에 도달할 때 1차 수확하였으며 이 후 수확은 약 35일 간격으로 수확을 하였다. 알팔파의 건물수량은 1차 년도는 G2가 G0와 G4보다 유의적으로 높았으며 2차 년도는 처리간 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 G2가 G0와 G4보다 높은 경향을 보였다. G2에서 알팔파의 건물수량이 높은 이유는 토양의 pH 및 EC가 각각 재배가능 및 재배적합 수준이었고 피복도 및 알팔파 식생비율도 높은 것에 기인하였다. 1차 및 2차 년도 모두 석고 처리 간 CP, NDF 및 ADF 함량 및 RFV는 차이가 없었다. 한편 1차 및 2차 년도의 연구결과를 통해서 알팔파 건물수량에 부정적인 영향을 주는 요인은 봄의 가뭄과 여름의 집중된 강수로 나타났다. 이상으로부터 객토 간척지에서 석고 처리는 알팔파의 건물수량을 높이는데 효과적인 것으로 판단되며 2 ton/ha이 적정 수준인 것으로 사료된다.

This study was evaluated individual growth and hematological changes of young starry flounder, using hyperpigmentation marks on the blind side of body after feeding extruded pellet (EP) and moisture pellet (MP) for 45 days. As a result, the fish grew up to 220.1±47.8 g in the EP treatment and 224.7±42.4 g in the MP treatment, so the weight gain was significantly higher in the MP treatment (74.6±17.3%) than in the EP treatment (63.7±16.9%) (P<0.05). Osmolalities of flounder after 45 days culture were similar between the treatments (P>0.05), showing values of 359.8±4.2 mOsm kg-1 in the EP treatment and 358.5±6.2 mOsm kg-1 in the MP treatment. Similarly, other blood chemistry indicators such as sodium, chloride, total protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, BUN, creatinine, ammonia, triglyceride, cortisol, GOT, GPT and hematocrit showed no differences between the treatments. However, the free fatty acid concentration was significantly higher in the MP treatment than in the EP treatment (P<0.05).

본 연구에서는 육상양식장에서 배출되는 부산물의 자원화 방안으로 뱀장어 양식장에서 배출되는 고형오 물에 미강, 탈지대두박과 같은 식품 부산물을 첨가하여 유산균, 황국균, 고초균을 단계적으로 접종하여 발 효시킨 발효사료의 성분 변화를 측정하였다. 발효사료의 제조 단계별 수분함량은 유산균을 이용한 1단 발 효물 14.6%, 황국균과 고초균을 이용한 2단, 3단 발효물은 각각 33.0%와 34.0% 였다. pH는 1단 발효물 에서는 유산균에 의한 젖산의 분비로 인해 5.38로 나타났으며 2단, 3단 발효물은 각 5.66과 7.26으로 측 정되어 pH가 상승하는 것으로 나타났다. 피트산의 함량은 1단 발효물은 0.126g/100g, 2단 발효물은 0.004g/100g, 3단 발효물은 0.093g/100g으로 나타나는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 질소 함량을 측정한 결 과 아미노태질소 함량은 2단 발효물이 1226.37mg%로 높았고, 3단 발효물에서 710.18mg%로 다소 감소 하였으며, 암모니아태질소 함량은 1단 발효물 0.988mg/kg에서 3단 발효물 1.502mg/kg로 증가되었다. 총질소 함량은 1단 발효물 2.78%와 2단 발효물 4.08% 그리고 3단 발효물 4.85%로 증가되었다. 3가지 미생물로 연속적인 발효가 진행될수록 피트산은 감소하고 단백질 분해율이 높아지는 경향이 나타났고 3 단 발효에 의해 저분자 질소성분 함량이 증가한 것으로 미루어 소화 흡수성이 높은 사료화가 진행됨을 추측할 수 있다.

The objective of this research was to determine the effects of harvesting frequency and fertilization levels on botanical composition, dry matter yield, and forage feed compositions of Alpine grassland at 800 m altitude. This research lasted for three years at National Alpine Agricultural Research Institute in Pyeongchang with two harvesting frequency schedules (two and three times annually) and two levels of fertilizer application (conventional level of fertilizer at 280-200-240 kg/ha and a lower level of fertilizer at 200-200-200 kg/ha for N, P2O5, and K2O). Mixture combinations with seeding rate (kg/ha) were as follows: Orchardgrass 18, Tall fescue 9, Timothy 8, Kentucky bluegrass 3, and Ladino Clover 2. The gramineae ratio ranged from 93.2 to 95.3%. Therefore, gramineae forage was considered as the dominant plant in this experiment. No significant (p>0.05) difference was observed in forage dry matter yield between the two harvesting frequency treatments (two times at 9.8 ton/ha and three times at 8.6 ton/ha). However, forage dry matter yield in the two times of harvesting frequency tended to be greater than that in the three times of harvesting frequency. Significantly (p<0.05) higher forage dry matter yield in the standard fertilization level group than the lower fertilization level group (9.8 ton/ha vs. 8.7 ton/ha) was observed. However, there was no significant (p>0.05) difference in forage crude protein concentration between the two harvesting frequency treatment groups, although the concentration in the group with three times of harvesting frequency tended to be higher. In contrast, crude fiber concentration in the group with two times of harvesting frequency tended to be higher, although the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber, and organic matter concentrations were not significantly (p>0.05) different between the two groups with different fertilization levels. Based on these results, it was concluded that the group with two times of harvesting frequency with conventional fertilization level might be proper for obtaining better forage productivity for Alpine grassland at 800 m altitude.

In order to provide basic data to predict changes of milk components in milk yield, this study was conducted to compare nutritive values of diets collected from organic dairy farms (ODF) and conventional dairy farms (CDF) of Chungnam and Jeonbuk in Korea. The contents of crude fat, crude fiver, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber in diets of ODF were significantly (p<0.05) higher compared to those of CDF. The contents of crude protein and crude ash in ODF were also higher (p<0.05) than those of CDF. The contents of calcium, ferrum, and phosphorus in diets of ODF were similar to those of CDF. The contents of potassium, magnesium, and iodine in diets of ODF were higher (p<0.05) than those of CDF. The contents of total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in diets of ODF were higher (p<0.05) compared to those of CDF. The contents of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid in diets of ODF were higher (p<0.05) compared to those of CDF. However, the contents of myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid in diets of ODF were lower (p<0.05) compared to those of CDF.

This study was conducted to examine the effect of fermented alcoholic feedstuff (FAF), sustained-release recombinant bovine somatotropin(rBST) on blood metabolites and carcass characteristics of Korean native cattle, Hanwoo. The experiment was carried at the Livestock Breeding Station in Kangwon-do with fourteen bulls with two groups, control and treatment. Seven bulls per each group were allocated. In control group, bulls were treated with total mixed ration(TMR) for the whole experimental periods. In treatment group, bulls were treated whith TMR+FAF+rBST for the fattening period and TMR+FAF for finishing period, respectively. The results are summarized as follows ; Blood creatinine concentration was higher in treatment group than in control group(P<0.05), while cholesterol content in blood was lower in treatment group than in control group. There were no significant differences between in control and treatment group on back-fat thickness(BFT) and rib eye area(REA), however, MS of treatment was more improved than that of control. The frequencies of yield grade A and quality grade 1 were 33 and 17% for control group and, 50 and 50% for treatment group, respectively, which imply higher appearances of grade A and grade 1 in treatment group than in control group. The auction prices(won/carcass kg) were 11,145 and 11,573 won in control and treatment group, respectively, and net gross incomes per carcass were 654,408 and 1,051,542 won in control and treatment groups, respectively, which suggest that the margin of profit between treatment and control group was 397,134 won per carcass. Overall results indicate that the favorable feeding system to produce high quality beef with high profit is TMR+FAF+rBST feeding during the fattening period and TMR+FAF feeding during the finishing period.

This study was performed to examine the effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST) and fermented alcoholic feedstuff(FAF) on blood metabolites, carcass characteristics and profitability. Sixteen Hanwoos(bulls; 8, steers; 8) with average 143㎏ of body weight were randomly assigned to bull control group(BC), steer control group(SC), bull group(BrA) treated with rBST and FAF, and steer group(SrA) treated with rBST and FAF. Sustained release rBST(0.03㎎/㎏/body weight) was administered biweekly and dose of rBST was adjusted monthly according to body weight increase. The blood glucose content was higher in the groups treated with rBST and FAF than control groups. The blood cholesterol contents tended to be lower in the treatment groups (BrA, 120.5 mg/dl; SrA, 104.0 mg/dl) than in the control groups (BC, 141.0 mg/dl; SC, 125.5 mg/dl). No significant difference between the groups of bulls and steers were found in the blood triglyceride concentrations as well as the albumin contents. The rib eye area of BC and BrA were 70 and 72 cm2, respectively, which are slightly larger than the area of SC and SrA. The treatment did not affect the backfat thickness both in bulls and steers. The marbling scores of BC and BrA appeared as No. 1 and No. 2, respectively, and No. 3 and No. 4 were obtained in SC and SrA. Lower non saturate fat concentrations were observed in the treatment groups (BrA, 64.30%; SrA, 59.59) than in control groups (BC, 58.98%; SC, 58.09%). Saturated fatty acids and amino acids contents were slightly more improved in the treatment than in the control. Average auction prices of BC and BrA were 7,900 and 8,089 wons per 1kg of carcass, respectively, whereas the prices of SC and SrA were 9407 and 9866 wons per 1kg of carcass, respectively. It is concluded that the treatment with rBST and FAF can improve the growth performance such as marbling scores and rib eye area and increase the auction prices.