The purpose of the study was to compare the satisfaction level on hospital meal size and actual intake rate of hospital foods between elderly and middle aged patients. Sixty one middle aged and one hundered thirty two elderly patients were surveyed on the foods served in the hospital-rice, soup, meat/fish, vegetable, kimchi and daily products. Compared to the middle aged patients, the more elderly thought the serving size of rice was too big(p<0.05), and those of soup, meat/fish and kimchi tended to be too big. There was no difference in the satisfaction level on the serving size of vegetable dish between two age groups. In actual intake rates of hospital meal there were no significant differences between the elderly and middle aged patients. However, the elderly male ate significantly(p<0.05) less amount of rice than the middle aged male and the elderly female ate significantly(p<0.01) less amount of meat/fish then the middle aged female. Satisfaction levels and actual intake rates were significantly correlated in all food items.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the satisfaction level on hospital foods in elderly and middle aged patients. The subjects were selected among the patients treated in the Inha University hospital during July of 1999. One hundred thirty five elderly patients aged over sixty(68 men, 67 women) and sixty five patients aged in forties(35 men, 30 women) were surveyed through questionnaires in terms of satisfaction level on hospital foods and the food preferences. Satisfaction on general taste, saltiness, serving temperature, appearance, texture and variety of hospital foods was not significantly different according to age. However, elderly men showed significantly higher satisfaction level than elderly women in terms of general taste of hospital foods(p<0.01). The preferences of cooking method for meat, fish, vegetable and the preferred kinds of kimchi and milk & milk products were not significantly different between the two age groups. However, elderly women significantly preferred sauted meat to broiled meat compared to elderly men(p<0.05).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of resting periods between exercise sets during isokinetic contraction on recovery from muscle fatigue, strength, heart rate, blood pressure, and lactate level. Sixteen women performed 10 repetitions of isokinetic exercise for three sets in three different conditions. During the sets, they rested 50, 100, and 150 seconds in each condition. And the results were: 1) In this population, the peak torque of extensor during the isokinetic exercise in 100 second resting condition was significantly higher than that in 50 and 150 second resting conditions (p<.01). The total work of extensor was significant in the second and third sets in 50 and 100 second resting conditions (p<.01). 2) During the isokinetic exercise, the heart rate was progressively increased as the sets were advanced in all resting conditions (p<.01). And the increase was significant during the second and third sets than the first in 50 second resting condition (p<.01), while it was significantly greater after the third set than the first in 100 and 150 second resting conditions (p<.01). 4) No difference was found between the resting periods in blood lactate level and blood pressure during the isokinetic exercise. However, differences were found between the sets in these variables (p<.01).

The purpose of this study is to investigate the patterns of Korean traditional food use in the households of middle aged women living in Kyunggido and Incheon area Four hundred eighty seven housewives whose children were in middle school answered the questionnaire about Korean traditional food use patterns in ordinary days, national festive days and in private celebration or memorial days. Most households have used Korean traditional table setting called Bansang as daily meals(96.7%) and have used home-made Kimchi(97.3%). However, the use of home-made Jang such as soy sauce, soybean paste and red pepper soybean paste was not very high(64.3%). Most households have celebrated New Years day(99.6%) with Ddukguk and Manduguk, Chusuk(95.1%) with Songpyun, and fruits, Full-Moon day(95.1%) with Ogokbap, Namul and Brum. Dongji was celebrated with Patjug by 73.3% of households. However, Samjitnal and Danho were celebrated with Whajeon and Ssukjulpyun by only 18.9% and 43.8% of the households respectively. The households using Korean traditional food to celebrate the birthday, the 1st birthday of child, the wedding or to memorize the passing day of ancestors were 96.0%, 80.7%, 81.3% and 86.7% respectively. Compared to households of urban and nuclear family, households of rural and extended family tended to use significantly more Korean traditional foods in many occasions and showed significantly higher rate of using home-made Kimchi and Jang.

This nutritional survey was conducted from February 8 to March 10, 1994, in order to investigate the nutritional knowledge, food habits, nutritional attitude, food preferences and nutrient intakes of urban middle-aged women living in Daegu and Pohang district. The subjects of this survey were 164 urban middle-aged women living in Daegu and Pohang Area. The completely answered questionnaires were analyzed for nutritional knowledge, food habits, nutritional attitude, food preference and nutrient intakes of urban middle-aged women. The results obtained are summarized as follows: The subjects had a high level of perceived knowledge (82.9%), that is the knowledge that each subject believed she had, but the accuracy of the knowledge was only 66.1%. The average nutrition knowledge score was 8.26 out of possible 15 points, and food habit score was 5.50 out of 10 points. Most of the subjects belonged to 'Fair' or 'Good' food habit group, which is considered to be relatively good. With increasing age, the percentage of perceived knowledge, accuracy, and nutrition knowledge score were getting lower. But food habit score and nutritional attitude score were getting higher at 40's women than 30's women. The correlation between nutritional knowledge score and food habit score was low (r=0.0748). The correlation between nutritional attitude score and food habit score was low, too (r=-0.0653). Food preferences for kimchi, potato, cooked rice, beef, noodle, cabbage and milk were high. Average calorie and protein intake of the subjects were 1967.4±27.8 Kcal, 75.8±1.4 g respectively. Carbohydrate, protein and fat ratio on energy composition was 63.3%:15.5%:21.2%.

본 연구는 중년여성을 대상으로 운동수행기간 별로 구분한 에어로빅운동군과 좌식 생활자의 신체계측, 식이섭취조사, 체력검사, 혈청지질검사를 하였으며 혈청지질과 각 인자와의 상관관계 및 체력과 신체계측과의 상관관계를 산출하였고 그 결과 및 결론은 다음과 같다. 1) 체력검사의 결과 : 조사대사장의 최고, 최저 혈압측정치는 좌식생활자에 비해 운동군이 낮았고 맥박은 운동수행기간이 길수록 그 수치가 낮아졌다. 맥압은 45이상인 자가 17.1%로 심장질환에 주의가 필요하였다. 근지구력과 점프력은 대상자 모두 정상범위이며 A군이 우세하였다. 유연성에서 C군은 미달이고 A군 정상범위이었으며 상반신근력은 A, C군 모두 정상범위에 미치기 못하였으며 평형성은 운동수행기간이 긴 AⅢ군이 가장 우세하였다. 2) 식이섭취 조사 결과 : 조사대상자들의 1일 섭취칼로리는 권장량과 비교하여 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았지만 단백질 섭취는 권장량에 따라 월등히 많이 섭취하였다 칼슘의 1일 섭취량은 권장량 600㎎에 비해 모두 높았고 철분은 운동기간이 가장 긴 AⅢ군이 (16.1+43㎎으로) 권장량 18㎎/day에 비해 섭취미달이었다. 식이중 콜레스테롤의 1일 섭취량은 한국정상인 1일 섭취량인 200∼300㎎과 큰 차이가 없었으며 식이 지질중 P/S률은 AⅡ군만 1.0보다 낮고 모두 정상비율이었다. 3) 식이와 혈청지질과의 상관관계 조사결과 :조사대상자들의 힐청지질중 중성지질과 단백질 섭취와는 r=0.42(p<0.05)로 유의전인 양의 상관으로 나타났다. 이는 과잉의 단백질 섭취의 결과로 중성지질로 전환됨을 일 수 있었다. 혈청 TC와 식이 TC와는 r=0.21이나 유의적 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 이는 식이로 섭취된 TC가 혈청 TC에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다고 사려된다. 4) 체력 및 체위와 혈청지질과의 상관관계 조사결과 : 혈청 TG, TC, LDL-C와 체력과는 음의 관계이며 HDL-C, HDL-C/TC와 체력과는 양의 관계이었다. 운동에 의한 체중 감량이 클수록 혈청 HDL-C농도가 높아졌으며 체력이 향상되면 혈청지질도 개선될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 최고혈압과 TC는 r=0.49(p<0.05), LDS-C와는 r=0.47(p<0.05)로 유의적인 양의 상관으로 혈압이 높으면 혈청 TC, LDL-C도 높게 나타났다. 5) 신체계측과 체력과의 상관관계 조사결과 : 체중감량과 윗몸일으키기는 r=0.71 (p< 0.001), 팔굽혀펴기와는 r=0.54(p<0.001)로 유의적인 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 즉 운동에 의한 체중감량은 근지구력을 높힐수 있으며 운동후 체중과 서서위로뛰기는 r=0.49(p<0.()5)로 유의적 양의상관을 나타냈다. 즉 aerobic운동에 의해 점프력이 향상될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 6) 식생활에 대한 설문분석 결과 :조사대상자들의 체지방율이 30%이상인사가 14.8%로 운동을 하게된 동기가 비만해소보다는 건강증진에 목적이 있었으며 식사형태는 육, 채식 혼합식이 71.9%로 균형된 식사의식이 높았다. 그러나 적당히 당질식품과 당음료를 섭취한다가 53.6%로서 과잉의 당질섭취로 중성지방 전환의 우려를 고려해야 할 것이며 83.2%가 카페인 함유 음료를 음용하므로 혈압상승 및 철분흡수의 방해가 우려된다.

본 연구는 식생활 태도와 비만·빈혈과의 관계를 알고자 김천시에 거주하는 40대 및 50대 중년 154명를 대상으로 1991년 1월에서 2월까지 조사하였고 자료의 분석은 빈도, 백분율, 평균 및 표준편차, Pearson Correlation에 의해 처리하였다. 조사대상자의 식생활 태도는 평균 31.3이고, 전체의 32.5%가 양호한 식생활 태도를 보유하였다. 각 항목별 평균은 채소류의 매일 섭취가 가장 높았고, 인스턴트식품의 이용율 평균이 가장 낮은 실행율을 나타내었다. 전체 조사자의 34.4%가 비만으로 평가되었고 유의한 상관을 보인 항목은 규칙적인 아침식사, 일정량의 식사섭취, 식품배합에 대한 관심, 편식을 고치기 위한 노력, 간식의 有無, 식욕, 건강을 고려한 식사, 인스턴트 식품의 이용, 녹황색 채소 및 단백질 식품과 해조류의 매일섭취이며 이중 간식의 有無만이 不의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 전체 조사자의 9.1%가 빈혈로 판명되었고 유의한 상관관계를 보인 식생활 태도 항목은 편식을 고치기 위한 노력, 즐거운 식사, 식욕, 식품첨가물에 대한 주의, 건강을 고려한 식사, 인스턴트 식품의 이용, 녹황색 채소나 채소류·해조류의 매일 섭취, 규칙적인 3食이다. 이중 즐거운 식사, 식욕, 식품첨가물에 대한 관심, 채소류나 유지류의 매일 섭취, 규칙적인 3食 항목은 不의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 비만·빈혈은 식품의 섭취뿐만 아니라 식생활을 영위하는 태도에 의해서 좌우되어질 수 있으므로 영향을 미칠 수 있는 식생활 태도에 관해서는 더욱 세밀한 조사를 하여 바른 식생활 습관을 유도하기 위한 지침 마련과 식생활에 대한 가치관 조성에 보다 관심을 가지도록 노력하여야 할 것으로 생각된다.