The purpose of this experiment was designed to investigate the effects of medicinal herbs (MH) extracts on dementia induced by trimethyltin chloride (TMT) in rats. Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups; normal group (group 1), control group (group 2), MH extracts group (250, 500 mg/kg) (group 3, group 4) and positive control group (tacrine group, group 5). In the control group to induce dementia, a 2.5 mg/kg of TMT intraperitoneal injection was used for 14 days (1 per day) in the rats. In the MH extracts group 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of MH extracts were medicated in an oral inoculation for 20 days (1 per day). After 30 minutes, a 2.5 mg/kg of TMT intraperitoneal injection, which causes dementia, was used for 14 days (1 per day). In the positive control group (Tacrine group) 10 mg/kg of Tacrine, the dementia treatment, was medicated in an oral inoculation. After 30 mintues, 1 mg/kg of TMT intraperitoneal injection, which causes dementia, was used for 14 days (1 per day). The present author observed the passive avoidance performance test, and memory ability test (Y maze test), the values of MDA, acetlycholinesterase (AchE) activity in the brain and antioxidant enzyme in serum. MH extracts significantly improved memory of AD model rats in the Y-maze test, and also significantly improved memory of AD model rats in the passive avoidance test. MH extracts significantly reduced AChE activity, and significantly increased the SOD level, but not catalase and MDA. From the results above, MH extracts is thought to be effective in the improvement of antioxidant enzymes and memory ability.

This study was conducted to develop a novel salad dressing composite recipe of natural seasoning containing the dried sea tangle(Laminaria japonica) that has a high preference. Sea tangle(Laminaria japonica) is included in the vitamins and minerals, magnesium, calcium, iodine, iron content, such as high, and contained in Sea tangle alginate is not a small conference known as dietary fiber. To manufacture salad dressing with sea tangle, dressing with 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% added sea tangle were prepared and tested for quality. The pH tended to increase with the increased sea tangle in addition but in contrast, acidity showed. The ``L`` color decreased with added sea tangle, whereas the ``a`` and ``b`` values increased. Brix measurements increase with added sea tangle. The strength texture results, 0% was the highest, lowest 9%. Bitterness and chewiness texture results, 9% was the highest, lowest 0%. According to the sensory test results, in the topic overall quality 3% was by 3.76 point the highest. But, during total nine clause, in clause six, by 6% was the highest.

본 연구는, Vibrio parahaemolyticus에 대한 면역 글로블린 Y(IgY)플 생산하기 위하여 시행되었다. Vibrio parahaemolyticus는 중요한 병원성 균이며. 위장염을 유발시키는 원인 균이다. 따라서, 난황에서 Vibrio parahaemolyticus에 대한 항체를 생산하기 위하여 항원 LPS(lipopolysaccharide)를 암탉에 주사하였다. 면역은 2주 간격으로 4차까지 실시하였으며, 추가면역으로 2주 간격으로 3차 까지 긴시한 후 ELISA로 그 항체 역가를 측정하였다. 난황에서의 항체생성은 1차 면역 후 1주일부터 나타나기 시작하였으며, 7주에 최고 역가에 도달하였고, 이러한 역가는 13주 이후까지 지속되는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 혈청에서의 항체 역가노 난황에서의 경향과 유사하였다. 정제시킨 IgY를 본 연구의 water-dilution 방법과 상업용 IgY분리 kit로 그 정제 정도를 비교해본 결과 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, Vibrio parahaemolyticus외의 다른 Vibrio 속 및 세균들과의 교차반응성 조사에서 특별한 교차반응이 없었다. 본 연구에 나타난 결과로, 아주 적은 양의 LPS 항원으로 역가가 높은 항체의 생산이 가능하였으며, 이러한 결과들을 보아 난황은 유행성 위장염을 유발하는 병원성 균의 특이 항체 개발을 위한 좋은 공급원이 될 것으로 생각된다.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of mixed culture with mycotoxigenic and non-mycotoxigenic fungi on mycotoxin production. For this work, Aspergillus flavus (aflatoxin producing strain), Aspergillus niger (non-mycotoxigenic strain) and Penicilhum griseofulvum (patulin producing strainvere cultured in 5 ml SLS medium for 15 days under single or mixed culture. Affatoxin was determined by direct competitive ELISA, whereas, patulin was measured by HPLC. The mycelial growth, pH and total acidity were also observed by general methods. The mycelial growth was slightly decreased in the mixed culture, meanwhile total acidity was increased and pH was shown lower than that in single culture. Aspergillus flavus produced 145 ㎍/ml of aflatoxin for 12 days single culture, but in mixed culture, aflatoxin was decreased to 93%, and was shown as 10.16 ㎍/ml level. Patulin production in mixed culture was also decreased to 69.3% and was shown only 23.72 ㎍/ml level as compared with in single culture.

Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is known as a potential hepatic carcinogen by single administration. This study was designed to measure the effects of DEN-induced cell damage on the triglyceride and cholesterol concentration in the liver, excluding dietary effects. Fertilized chicken eggs, 10 days before hatching, were randomly divided into three groups (n=20) and each egg was injected 10 ul of corn oil (vehicle control), 5 ug of DEN/10 ul and 10 ug of DEN/10 ul into yolk via air sac. After 48 hr and 96 hr incubation, the damage of the chick-embryo liver cell was investigated by electron microscopy and by measuring the concentration of lipid components (total cholesterol, free cholesterol, phospholipid and triglyceride). For eggs administered 10 ug of DEN and incuvated 96 hr, in hepatocyte, the nucleus membrane was roughed, the size of nucleolus was apparently increased and euchromatin was accumulated. Mitochondria were condensed and cristae, located mitochondrial inner membrane, were obscured. Additionally, the levels of triglyceride and cholesterol classes were significantly increased depend on the amount of DEN and incubation time. Especially, triglycerides were notably increased in the group treated with 10 ug DEN at 96 hr, but phospholipids, component of cell membrane, were decreased with significance. As a conclusion, carcinogen induced hepatic lesion was correlated with the changes in lipid component of liver.

In order to establish the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) of sterigmatocystin produced by Aspergillus versicolor, we experimented and obtained following results. Two of three rabbits which had been immunized with sterigmatocystin-hemiacetal-BSA produced antibodies against sterigmatocystin at 15 weeks. The produced antibodies were specific for sterigmatocystin and sterigmatocystin-hemiacetal but didn't cross react with other sterigmatocystin analogues in a significant degree. DMF : 4% KCl (18:2) mixed solution was most effective to dissolve sterigmatocystin. For the preparation of sample solution to determine sterigmatocystin by ELISA, sample was extracted with CHCl₃ and dried, then the dried sample was redissolved with 100 ul DMF+4% KCl mixture. 10-1,000 ng/ml level. of standard sterigmatocystin could be applied to the established ELISA. When artifically contaminated rice were assayed by the ELISA, the average recovery of sterigmatocystin spiked to 25-500 ng/g was 109% (97-116%), and mean interwell coefficient of variation was 21% (11-28%).

본 연구는 흰쥐에게 AFB1을 투여하거나 방사선과 AFB1을 병합처리함으로 유발된 흰쥐의 간세포에서의 AFB1-DNA 부가체의 형성과 세포의 산화적 손상에 대한 vitamin C의 효과를 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. X-ray 조사는 실험기간 내 단 1회로 실험사육기간 1일에 조사 하였고 X-ray 조사 후 vitamin C를 투여하였으며 vitamin C 투여 1시간 후 AFB1을 투여하였다. Vitamin C와 AFB1은 모두 복강투여로 실험 사육 첫 일부터 1회 시작하여 3일에 한번씩, 5회 반복 투였으며 실험동물 사육기간은 총 15일로 하였다. ELISA에 의한 흰쥐의 혈청 내 AFB1 잔여 농도는 AFB1 단독 투여군에서 5.17±0.34ng/mL이었으나 여기에 vitamin C 혼합 투여군에서는 3.23±0.76ng/ml가 검출되었다. 간세포의 AFB1-DNA adduct 농도는 AFB1 단독 투여군에서는 9.38±0.41ng/mL이었으며 2군에 vitamin C를 함께 투여한 3군에서는 5.28±0.32ng/ml로 나타나 2군에 비해 유의적으로(p＜0.001) 44% 감소한 양상을 나타내었다. 한편 X선 조사와 AFB1 병합처리한 4군에 비해 4군에 vitamin C를 투여한 5군에서 혈청 내 AFB1 함량과 간세포의 AFB1-DNA adduct 함량이 다소 감소하였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 또한 면역조직화학적 관찰에서 AFB1 단독 투여군에서는 중심정맥과 혈관주변에서 AFB1 축적이 관찰되었는데 이러한 현상은 vitamin C를 혼합 투여함으로써 중심정맥과 혈관 주변의 갈색 침전이 현저하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 X선 조사와 AFB1 병합 처리한 군에서는 그 정도가 약했다.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the Cordyceps militaris extract on the improvement of the glucide metabolism in serum of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg BW, IP injection)-induced diabetic rats (SD strain, male) fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of creatinine, lipid peroxide and NEFA in sera were significantly higher in the STZ-induced diabetic group (group DMG) and STZ+Cordyceps militaris extract administration group (group DMS) than those in the control group (group BD). However, the concentrations of creatinine, lipid peroxide and NEFA in sera were reduced in the group DMS than those in the group DMG. The activity of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in serum was lower in the group DMS than in the group DMG. The activity of LCAT in serum was increased in the group DMS (Cordyceps militaris extract administration) than in the group DMG. The results indicate that Cordyceps militaris extract were effective in the improvement of the glucide metabolism in the sera of STZ-induced diabetic rats.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the feeding Cordyceps militaris extract on the improvement of the free fatty acid, lipid peroxide, creatinine and enzyme (creatine phosphokinase; CPK, lactate dehydrogenase; LDH, alkaline phosphatase; ALP, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase; LCAT) activities in the sera of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats (SD strain, male) fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of free fatty acid, lipid peroxide and CPK, LDH, ALP activities in sera were fairly reduced in the Cordyceps militaris extract administration group (CHE) than in the hypercholesterolemic diet group (CHD). However, no significance was found in the effect of an creatinine concentration among the groups. The LCAT activity in serum was increased in the Cordyceps militaris extract administration (CHE) than in the hypercholesterolemic diet group (CHD). From these results, Cordyceps militaris extracts were effective on the improvement of the lipid components and metabolic enzyme activities in sera of dietary hypercholesterolemic rats.

This study was conducted to examine the influences of chitosan, sericin and collagen extract complexes (1:1:1, w/w/w, CSC-F-005) in blood glucose and lipid concentrations in the sera of streptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg BW, IP injection)-induced diabetic rats (SD strain) fed on experimental diets for 5 weeks. The concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, triglyceride (TG) and phospholipid (PL) in serum were effective on the metabolic regulation in diabetic rats. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminotransferase (AST, ALT) in serum were lower in the extract complexes (CSC-F-005) than in the diabetic rats. The results shown above suggested that CSC-F-005 extract complexes supplementation effectively improvement of blood glucose and lipid components in the serum of STZ-induced diabetic rats.

The objective of this study was to assess improvements caused by chitosan, sericin and collagen peptide extract complexes (1:1:1, w/w/w, CSC-F-005) in lipid concentrations in the sera of dyslipidemic rats (SD strain) fed on experimental diets for 5 weeks. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, triglyceride, phospholipid and blood glucose were effective on the metabolic regulation of dyslipidemic rats. The activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum were remarkably lower in the extract complexes (CSC-F-005) than in the dyslipidemic model. From the above results shows that CSC-F-005 extract complexes were effective on the improvement of the lipid metabolism in sera of dyslipidemic rats.

Atlatoxin은 Aspergillus속 곰팡이로부터 생성되며 사람에게 있어서 간독성, 및 간암을 유발하는 잠재력을 가진 대표적 곰팡이 독소이며, 생체에 섭취된 은 여러 가지 대사경로를 거쳐 동물 조직 내에 축적되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 방사선은 수술, 항암약물요법과 더불어 임상 시 중요한 치료방법이나 정상세포에 방사선을 조사하였을 때 반응성이 높은 활성산소와 과산화라디칼()을 생성하여 세포막의 불포화 지방산을 지질 과산화물로 변성시켜 세포 산