This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the nutrition quotient and the dietary intake of adolescents. A total of 393 adolescents were surveyed to evaluate their Nutrition Quotient for Korean Adolescents (NQ-A) scores and dietary intake. The average age of the survey subjects was 15 years and the average NQ-A score of the subjects was 49.11±13.35. There was no significant difference in the NQ-A scores according to gender and age. The average dietary diversity score was 3.77±0.85, and it was significantly higher in boys than in girls (p< .05) with the scores of 12-14-year-old students being significantly higher than those aged 15-18 years (p< .01). The results of comparing the percentage of recommended intake or adequate intake and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) according to the NQ-A grade, showed that the ‘High’ grade had a significantly higher intake percentage of vitamin B1, B12, folate, phosphorus, iron and a significantly higher MAR (p< .05). From a long-term perspective, efforts to improve dietary habits are deemed necessary to meet an individual’s nutritional requirements. Adolescents themselves should develop proper eating behaviors and acquire suitable dietary management skills to enhance their nutritional status, ultimately contributing to an improvement in their quality of life.

A checklist of dietary behavior items for the elderly was developed based on Korean dietary guidelines. First, a literature review was conducted, and 63 preliminary items, including 30 items on food intake, 12 on eating habits, and 21 on dietary culture, were obtained to evaluate the dietary guidelines. The preliminary items were evaluated by experts using Lawshe’s method to verify the content validity. They were then revised, resulting in 52 items: 25, 11, and 16 in the food intake, eating habits, and dietary culture domains, respectively. A face-to-face survey was conducted on 331 people over 65 years of age in the metropolitan area, and their one-day food intake was surveyed using a 24-hour recall method in August 2022. The 48 items, including 24, 11, and 13 items on food intake, eating habits, and dietary culture, respectively, correlated significantly with the evaluation indicators of nutrient intake, such as mean adequacy ratio, dietary diversity score, and nutrient intake density. These items were considered suitable for evaluating the elderly's compliance with dietary guidelines.

Central odontogenic fibroma (COF) is an uncommon slow growing benign neoplasm that is derived from the mesenchymal tissue. Differential diagnoses include fibrous dysplasia, calcifying odontogenic cyst, and central ossifying fibroma. Clinically, the lesion shows expansion of cortical bone. Radiologically, unilocular or multilocular lesion with well-defined borders is found. Histologically, fibroblastic tissues with bundle of collagens including inactive odontogenic epithelium can be observed. In this case report, a 45-year-old male with central odontogenic fibroma of the maxilla is examined. The lesion was surgically removed without any postoperative complications. In order to diagnose the disease properly, histopathologic analysis was performed.

The objectives of this study were to characterize the physicochemical properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and the optimum extract processing condition to increase the solubilization efficiency of 6-gingerol and polysaccharides disintegration. The physicochemical properties were investigated under high-pressure enzyme (HP) and enzyme (WB) treatment conditions such as reaction time (1, 2, 3 h), pressure (50, 70, 100 MPa) and sample types, and cell wall degradation enzyme (hemicellulase, cellulase, pectinase, glucosidase, etc.) The effect of high-pressure enzyme treatment depending on sample types was significantly highest in the freeze-dried ginger powder. The optimum condition for high-pressure enzyme treatment was with Pectinex Ultra SP-L (Pec) enzymes for 2 h at 50oC and 100 MPa. Water soluble indexes increased 4.6 and 3.8 times more compared to CON (15.35%) while total polyphenol contents increased by 1.8 and 1.7 times compared to CON (1.43%). The total contents of indicator components such as 6, 8, 10-gingerol and shogaol was 1.53%, increasing 2.7 times more compared to CON (0.57%) with a significant difference (p<0.001). The high-pressure and enzymatic approach described in this study would be beneficial to food industries for developing ginger functional product and materials.

북한의 김일성 신화는 현대 사회에서도 신화가 여전히 생산되고 있으며, 강 력한 힘을 발휘하고 있음을 보여주는 중요한 사례이다. 북한이 건설되고 김일성 을 중심으로 권력 구조가 형성되는 과정에서 김일성 신화는 핵심적인 역할을 담당하였다. 갑작스러운 해방을 맞아 혼란스러운 상황에서 북한 주민들의 절망 과 이를 극복하고자 하는 열망, 그리고 초월적 영웅에 대한 갈망이 북한 정권의 정치적 기획과 만나 창조된 것이 김일성 신화이다. 김일성 신화는 건국 신화와 영웅 신화로서의 속성을 가지고 있다. 김일성 신화는 김일성을 ‘민족의 태양,’ ‘민족의 해방자’로 묘사함으로써 그를 건국의 시조로 위치시키고, ‘백두산’이 갖 는 상징성에 주목한다는 점에서 공간의 신성함을 토대로 하는 건국 신화적 속 성을 보여준다. 또한 김일성이 항일 무장 투쟁 과정에서 보여주었던 비범한 육 체적 능력을 강조하고, 그가 가진 정신적 강인함과 뛰어난 지적 능력을 신성화 하며, 토지 개혁을 단행하고 농업에서부터 수산업, 공업에 이르기까지 생산성 향상을 위해 그가 제안한 방안들을 높이 평가함으로써 김일성의 문화 영웅적 면모를 부각시킨다.

몽골의 영웅서사시인 『장가르』에는 칼미크-오이라드 민중들이 꿈꾸는 상황이 봄바국에서의 ‘잔치’로 그려진다. 이 잔치는 먹을 것과 마실 것이 풍부하고, 나라 의 영웅들 간에 평등한 소통이 이루어지는 시공간이다. 이 잔치로부터 멀어지는 것은 전쟁을 의미하고, 전쟁에서 승리하는 것은 ‘잔치’에 다시 참여하는 것을 의 미한다. 『장가르』에서 태평성대의 시간으로 그려지는 잔치, 즉 칼미크-오이라드 민중들이 희구하는 잔치는 봄바국에서의 잔치만이다. 적진에서의 잔치는 전투를 촉발시키거나 전투를 준비하는 시간일 뿐이다. 칼미크-오이라드 민중에게 매일 의 삶은 전쟁과 그 결과로서의 패배였다. 혹독한 날씨와 싸워야 하고, 먹을 것이 부족한 땅에서 살아남아야만 하며, 전쟁 혹은 사냥으로 인해 항상 육체적 위협 속에서 생활할 수밖에 없는 몽골 사람들에게 『장가르』를 연창할 때 눈앞에 그려 지는 봄바국에서의 잔치는 그 자체로 큰 위안이자 희망이었을 것이다. 추위와 굶 주림, 끊임없는 전쟁과 패배의 상황으로부터 그들을 구원해 줄 영웅으로 장가르 가 호출되었고, 그를 통해 새롭게 창조될 세상은 봄바국에서의 잔치로 구현되었 다. 『장가르』를 원형으로 하여 이를 반복하고 재현함으로써 오이라드 민중은 부 정합적 상황을 받아들이고 이를 상상적으로 극복할 수 있었다.

복숭아 네 품종 ‘오도로끼’, ‘가납암백도’, ‘진미’, ‘장호원황 도’ 신초의 저온순화 및 탈순화 동안 시기별 내한성 변화는 전해질 누출률을 분석하여 나타냈다. 또한 내한성 결정 요인 을 분석하고자 SDS-PAGE를 이용하여 dehydrin 함량 변화를 확인하였으며, 그와 관련된 유전자 발현 분석은 quantitative real-time RT-PCR을 이용하여 수행하였다. 네 품종의 내한성 은 2012년 12월까지 꾸준히 증가하였으며 그 후 2013년 4월 까지 감소하였다. PpDhn1 유전자가 인코딩하는 60kDa의 dehydrin 단백질은 탈순화기(2013년 3-4월)에 비하여 저온순화 기(2012년11월-2013년 1월) 동안 높은 축적이 확인되었다. PpDhn1 유전자와 PpDhn3 유전자 발현양상은 복숭아 네 품 종에서 내한성 변화와 평행하게 나타난 반면, PpDhn2 유전자 는 뚜렷한 시기별 패턴을 나타내지 않았다.

Cedrela sinensis is a Korean traditional wild herb found especially in the southern provinces of Korea. This study investigated the effects of Cedrela sinensis powder on the antioxidant activities and quality characteristics of bread. Bread was prepared with different amounts of Cedrela sinensis powder (at ratios of 0, 1, 2, and 3% of total flour quantity). The results showed that the dough pH, moisture, and fermentation tension levels decreased as Cedrela sinensis powder content increased. Bread volume and specific volume decreased (p<0.01) with an increasing amount of Cedrela sinensis powder (Bread weight increased (p<0.001)). As Cedrela sinensis powder content increased, color ‘a’ value decreased, and ‘b’ value increased. Sensory parameters such as color (p<0.01), flavor (p<0.01), appearance (p<0.001), taste, softness (p<0.05), and overall quality (p<0.01) of bread containing 2% Cedrela sinensis powder were measured. Total phenol contents and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of bread significantly increased with increasing Cedrela sinensis powder content (p<0.001). Based on these results, we suggest that Cedrela sinensis can be used for increasing the consumer acceptability and functionality of bread.

This research was carried out as a survey on the contents of Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) in 5 type agricultural products unestablished safety guideline in Korea. The average levels of Pb: onion 0.010 mg/kg, cucumber 0.018 mg/kg, garlic 0.012 mg/kg, green pepper 0.027 mg/kg, sesame 0.029 mg/kg. The average levels of Cd: onion 0.006 mg/kg, cucumber 0.002 mg/kg, garlic 0.008 mg/kg, green pepper 0.011 mg/kg, sesame 0.024 mg/kg. The present result of this study showed that Pb and Cd contents in the whole samples were less than the maximum residual levels of the codex standard. The levels of exposure assessment for Pb and Cd by intake from vegetables and sesame were merely at 1.3 × 10−⁴(mean) ~5.1 × 10−⁴(95th percentiles) μg/kg bw/day for Pb, 7.5 × 10−5(mean)~3.6 × 10−⁴(95th percentiles) μg/kg bw/day for Cd. The data from this research will be valuable source for database construction for science-based safety control and management for the trace metal contamination in food including agricultural products.