OBJECTIVES : In this study, microstructural components of crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA) binder were investigated using environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). To clearly understand the elemental composition of the CRMA binder, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was employed on the ESEM samples. METHODS: CRMA binders were produced using open blade mixers at 177℃ for 30 min. The binders were artificially aged through a series of accelerated aging processes. Sample preparation was done by making a mold shape on the glass slide. Thereafter, the morphology of the CRMA binder was observed using the ESEM coupled with the EDX. RESULTS : The images captured from the ESEM indicate that the unaged CRMA binder appears to have a single-phase continuous nonuniform structure after the addition of crumb rubber particles, whereas the artificially aged CRMA binder was observed to have two different phases. ESEM coupled with EDX shows detailed internal structure of the modified binders compared to other technologies (i.e., optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and conventional scanning electron microscope). CONCLUSIONS: The captured images resemble the internal structures such as the viscous properties of the unaged CRMA binder and the interaction between the rubber particles and the base binder at aged condition. ESEM is a powerful instrument and with the introduction of EDX, it provided more details of the network microstructure of the asphalt binder. ESEM coupled with EDX is recommended for use in future investigation of microstructure of asphalt binders.

This research examines the impact of CRM capabilities and marketing effectiveness and the role of intervening variables Interactive Marketing Implementation (IMI) as mediator, in the context of wireless telecommunication industry in Indonesia. Differ from prior research that often see CRM capability in technological perspective per se, this research uses a holistic perspective toward CRM capabilities that comprises three dimensions of capability that is complementary to each other: (1) technological capability, as a data processing instrument to support marketing activities; (2) operational capability, to support firms collecting past customer transaction information, demographics, psychographics, media and channel preferences; and (3) strategic capability, to embrace the implementation of relationship management strategies throughout the whole organization. To cover phenomena in the digital economy, this study deploys a three-part typology of interactive marketing, according to ways of interacting with new media; (1) relational-based, (2) content-based, and (3) interface-based.

PURPOSES : The performance properties (indirect tensile strength, rutting resistance, and resilient modulus) of recycled aged CRM mixtures and their correlation with Superpave binder properties (viscosity, high failure temperature, G*sinδ, and stiffness) were investigated. METHODS: A series of Superpave binder tests was performed by using a rotational viscometer, DSR, and BBR to evaluate the performance properties. In addition, the CRM mixes were artificially aged through accelerated aging processes, and their properties were evaluated. The correlation between the properties of recycled aged CRM binders and the engineering properties of recycled aged CRM mixtures was experimentally determined. RESULTS : The rut depth values decreased and the ITS values increased with increasing high failure temperature. In general, the resilient modulus properties seemed to be poorly correlated with the high-temperature values, regardless of the aggregate source. CONCLUSIONS: The recycled aged CRM binders and mixtures can lead to satisfactory performance, and the properties of these binders are strongly correlated with the engineering properties of the mixtures.

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of social media in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) based on a theoretical foundation. Social media was firstly used as a new communication tool by internet users, and is being commercialized as a powerful tool to build and maintain long-term relationships between customers and businesses. This study focuses on service sectors and aims to clarify how social media helps companies innovate traditional CRM. Social CRM is seen as one of these service innovations and is highlighted in this paper.

본 연구는 산업부산물인 폐타이어인 #30 체를 거의 다 통과한 CRM 입자를 아스팔트 콘크리트 혼합물의 개질재로서 8%, 10%, 12%를 각각 습식 및 건식방법의 CRM 개질아스팔트 혼합물에 대하여 동결융해에 의한 수분취약성 시험을 통하여 동결융해저항성을 평가하였다. 건식 및 습식방법에 의한 CRM 개질아스팔트 혼합물의 배합설계를 통하여 최적아스팔트 함량을 결정하였고. OAC로 제조한 CRM 개질 혼합물은 반복주행시험과 수분취약성시험을 수행하였다. 그 결과, CRM 개질아스팔트 혼합물의 소성변형 저항성은 일반 AP-5 혼합물보다 우수하게 나타났다. 그러나 수분취약성시험에 의한 동결융해 저항성이 상당히 낮게 나타나 동결융해에 의한 수분취약성에 아주 민감한 것으로 나타났다. 반면에, CRM 개질아스팔트 혼합물에 박리저감제의 첨가는 동결융해에 의한 수분취약성에 대한 저항성을 상당히 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 국내에서 CRM 개질아스팔트 혼합물을 사용할 때에는 반드시 수분취약성에 대한 동결융해저항성에 대한 예방책이 제시된 혼합물을 사용될 것이 권장된다.

This study tries to develop the models of measuring the level of product availability accommodated for features of specific customers dividing customers into VIP customers and general customers. Functions of costs that the models are composed of are cost

This paper presents a economic design of synthetic control chart that is an VSI(variable samlping interval) X control chart and conforming run length chart. Computer simulation is carried out for comparing performance of developed control chart with X-CRM synthetic chart. We found that optimal parameter of suggested chart for minimize quality cost. And then a comparison and analysis between synthetic VSI X-CRL chart and X-CRM synthetic chart in the economic aspect. Then VSI X-CRL chart consistently produces smaller quality cost than X-CRM synthetic chart.

According to the changing environment of management, the concept of the one-to-one marketing is appeared in the environment of management by high Quality that customers needs. In this paradigm, CRM(Customer Relationship Management) offering integrated multiple view points is able to be executed by the advance of Information Technology (IT). In this study, the environment and the management status of the steel company that CRM implemented is analyzed. This study presents the system architecture which applies OLAP(on-line analytical processing), web technologies, and logistics service. Then this research presents a variety of effects and development direction in the future.

The environment of management is changed by the improving Information Technology, the changing market that is overflowed by product, the competing between enterprises, and the segmenting the whole market. As a result, the concept of the 1:1 marketing is appeared on the environment of management by high quality that customer needs. In this paradigm, the CRM(Customer Relationship Management) is able to be executed by the advancing of the Information Technology (IT), the constituting, Data Base, the analyzing data in Data Base. The CRM(Customer Relationship Management) offers integrated multiple view poingts and methods of the corresponding to customers. The CRM(Customer Relationship Management) is a crirical element in the business. This study considers the effective implementing CRM(Customer Relationship Management) in the steel industry which has unique characteristics

The environment of management is changed by the improving Information Technology, the changing market that is overflowed by product, the competing between enterprises, and the segmenting the whole market. As a result, the concept of the 1:1 marketing is appeared on the environment of management by high quality that customer needs. In this paradigm, the CRM(Customer Relationship Management) is able to be executed by the advancing of the Information Technology(IT), the constituting, Data Base, the analyzing data in Data Base. The CRM(Customer Relationship Management) offers integrated multiple view poingts and methods of the corresponding to customers. The CRM(Customer Relationship Management) is a crirical element in the business. This study considers the effective implementing CRM(Customer Relationship Management) in the steel industry which has unique characteristics

Even in the present situation where any general criterion on CRM dose not exist, utilization of CRM is expected to be actively continued, which will cause many problems. In this regard, evaluating CRM counts. As the result, projects are being suspended and budgets cut, plans for introducing CRM suspended or cancelled and many CRM software vendors and technical consulting firms are facing serious management crisis. Yet, this phenomenon can be regarded as an interim one. In fact, some cases that successfully introduced CRM show that CRM is migrating from small scale which is typical when introduced to larger scale through various tests. Therefore, this study tries to segment customer for the sloving the problem. And it make efficient customer management. Using this model, SN ratio of taguchi method for each of subjective factors as well as values of weights are used in this comprehensive method for customer. A example is presented to illustrate the model and to show a rank reversal when compared to a model that does not eliminate extreme values and eliminates the highest and lowest experts' values allocating the weights and the subjective factors.

Expectation and interest about e-CRM are rising for more efficient customer management in on-line including electronic commerce. The decision-making tree can be used usefully as the data mining technology for e-CRM. In this paper, the representative decision making techniques, CART, C4.5, CHAID analyzed the differences in personalization point of view with actuality customer data through an experiment. With these analysis data, it is proposed a new decision-making tree system that has big advantage in personalization techniques. Through new system, it can get following advantage. First, it can form superior model more qualitatively in personalization by adding individual's weight value. Second it can supply information personalized more to customer. Third, it can have high position about customer's loyalty than other site of similar types of business. Fourth, it can reduce expense that cost marketing and decision-making. Fifth, it becomes possible that know that customer through smooth communication with customer who use personalized service wants and make from goods or service's quality to more worth thing.