최근 몇 년간 힙합 문화가 중국 전역에 빠르게 확산되면서, 민남어 랩은 점차 대표적인 지역 음악 표현 형식으로 자리 잡아 학계의 주목을 받고 있다. 본토 정체성과 문화적 정체성을 강화하 기 위해 점점 더 많은 래퍼들이 지역 방언을 활용한 창작을 시도하고 있으며, 그중 민남어는 복잡 한 성조 체계, 풍부한 어휘 구조, 강한 문화적 특성을 바탕으로 힙합 음악과 결합하면서 독특한 언어 미학과 표현 방식을 형성해왔다. 본 연구는 민남어 랩의 대표적 작품 여섯 곡—<少年家>, <放蕩不羈>, <保險櫃>, <少年ㄟ安啦>, <Gang電仔>, <大丈夫>—을 분석 대상으로 삼아, 텍스트 분 석, 사례 분석 및 비교 분석 방법을 통해 음운 특성, 어휘 사용, 통사 구조, 문화적 표상 등 네 가지 측면에서 민남어가 현대 공연 맥락 속에서 어떻게 언어적으로 구현되고 있는지를 체계적으로 고찰하였다. 연구 결과, 민남어 랩의 언어 표현에서 독창성은 다음 다섯 가지 측면에서 두드러지 게 나타난다. 첫째, 성조 체계가 곡의 리듬 형성에 결정적 역할을 하며, 둘째, 비음 발음이 청각 적 표현력을 강화한다. 셋째, 음운 변화가 언어의 운율감을 높이며, 넷째, 독특한 한자 표기 방식 이 더 깊은 감정 전달을 가능하게 한다. 다섯째, 생략과 도치 등의 문장 구조는 리듬적 긴장감과 감정 표현을 극대화한다. 본 연구는 민남어와 랩 음악의 결합이라는 기존 연구의 공백을 일정 부 분 보완하였을 뿐 아니라, 음악 텍스트에서 중국어 방언의 언어적 기능과 문화적 의미를 탐구하는 데 있어 언어학적 시야와 학제 간 연구 방법을 제공한다는 점에서 의의를 지닌다. 이는 중국 방언 문화의 생동감 있는 전승과 창조적 계승을 촉진하는 새로운 문화적 실천의 가능성을 제시한다.

본 연구는 중국 소비자 591명을 대상으로 한국 및 일본 화장품 브랜드 각 10개의 심미성이 구매 의도에 미치 는 영향을 분석하고, 브랜드 글로벌성과 지각된 품질의 매개 역할을 검증했다. 실증분석 결과, 브랜드 심미성은 지각된 품질에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 이는 구매 의도를 증진 시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 브랜드 글로벌성 과 지각된 품질 모두 브랜드 심미성과 구매 의도 사이의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 브랜드 심미 성이 브랜드 글로벌성과 지각된 품질을 통해 구매 의도에 기여함을 의미한다. 이러한 결과는 한국 화장품 브랜드 에서 일관되게 나타났으나, 일본 화장품 브랜드의 경우 지각된 품질이 구매 의도에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않아 매개효과가 부분적으로 확인되지 않았다. 본 연구는 중국 해외 화장품 시장에서 브랜드 심미성, 지각된 품질, 브 랜드 글로벌성, 구매 의도 간의 복잡한 상호작용에 대한 중요한 통찰력을 제공하며, 해외 화장품 브랜드의 경쟁 력 강화 전략 수립에 실질적인 시사점을 제시한다.

This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of the New-Chinese style appearing in Chinese fashion designer Shiatzy Chen’s collections and, accordingly, recommend various directions for the New-Chinese style design. Regarding the research method, the background and concept of Chinese style and New-Chinese style were reviewed, while relevant characteristics were derived from prior research. Concerning the data collection, 21 season collections from A/W 2014 to A/W 2024, were selected, and 26 reviews and 1,168 collection data were collated. The results are as follows: First, “multicultural convergence” emerges as design methods reflecting social changes and utilizes diverse cultural elements. In fashion design, it emerges in a harmonious combination of culture and artistic styles, expressing the integration of varied cultures —for instance, East–West cultural convergence. Second, “historical tradition” consistently expresses Shiatzy Chen’s fashion; continuously explores Chinese people’s garments and aesthetics; and integrates oriental dignity, culture, and discipline into fashion design. Third, “temporary diversity” refers to a Chinese fashion design culture that represents the seamless blending of traditional culture and modern social values— leading the new consumer market by combining new and old generations, graffiti aesthetics on modern streets, and traditional and contemporary expressions. Fourth, “positive metaphor” expresses the intrinsic mental element and emphasizes covert rather than overt beauty. These expressions metaphorically communicate ancient Chinese legends via artistic techniques, such as contemporary illustration and embroidery, thereby conveying an active mental culture.

The historical local chronicles of Chongqing during the Ming and Qing dynasties as well as the Republic of China period valued both history and geography while also emphasizing humanities. The generic toponym characters best indicate the geographical type to which individual toponym belongs, and accommodates the changes in natural and social characteristics of the southwest region in China. The Grand Dictionary of Chinese Characters is an authoritative large-scale Chinese language dictionary, serving as a bridge between national language norms and the reality of people’s spoken language. It focuses on reflecting the origin, evolution, and actual usage of toponymic characters, but has quite limited absorption and utilization of toponymic materials from local chronicles. In order to investigate the lexicological value of local chronicles, this article uses the historical local chronicles of Chongqing to supplement the pronunciation, explaination, use cases, and inter-character relationships of the generic toponym characters compiled in The Grand Dictionary of Chinese Characters.

Integrating exegetical and textual scholarship with analysis of the Eastern Jin text Cārya-nidāna, this study resolves gaps in inter-character relation communication in Great Chinese Dictionary (second edition). Specifically, the characters zè (仄), cè (側), cè (惻), cè (𡍫) and cè (畟) should each supplement the semantic value of "filled; filled to capacity", and their phonetic loan relationships necessitate clarification. The pronological entry (1) for cè (側) as 阻力切 should be marked with the historical reading zè. While emphasizing that the phonetic differentiation of cè/zè (側) is influenced by its near-synonym zè (仄), it is crucial to note that zè (側)'s "narrow" semantic sense is independently derived and didn't require the inter-character relation with zè (仄). The character niè ( ) and liè ( ) should be introduced, with an explanation of its variant relationship between niè (孽) and liè (鬣).The meaning of "long hair (on the human body and head)" should be added to liè (𣰌), with an explanation of its variant relationship between liè (鬣). The relationship of being alternative forms of each other between gāi (姟) and gāi (垓) should be established. The character méng (萠) should be introduced, with an explanation of its variant relationship between méng (萌).

“Mu mi” is a type of fragrant tree. Also known as honey fragrance, wood fragrance and other names in ancient books. And there are four major regions in the growth area of “Mu mi”. It often used in conjunction with “sandalwood”, and has significant importance in Buddhist activities. However, upon examination of Chinese Buddhist scriptures, it was found that the writing of “mi (櫁)” has various forms of variant script. This article integrates relevant variant texts in Buddhist scriptures, examining the use of characters in Buddhist scriptures from three perspectives: diachronic, synchronic, and edition. It explores the use of characters for the name of the “mu mi” tree and the relationships between various variant texts.

The cooking method {炒 (stir-frying)} is a commonly used verb in daily life, closely related to our existence. Its appearance in transmitted texts did not occur until the Han Dynasty. The term {炒} was historically represented by eight model of characters, though only six were actually used, each with numerous variant forms. During the Han Dynasty, {炒} was recorded using “𩱦” and “㷅”, with “𩱦” being the predominant choice. In the Six Dynasties period, “ ” remained the standard. After the emergence of “炒” and “煼”, both characters were widely adopted across subsequent dynasties, with “炒” becoming the conventional form, though it never fully supplanted “煼”. This trend was also interspersed with the use of simplified variants like “㷅” and “𩱦”. Investigating the historical graphic representation of {炒} holds significant importance for understanding the development of Chinese culinary techniques and interpreting related transmitted texts.

The preface, postscript, foreword, and general notices of the Korean Chinese dictionary, contain not only the reason and purpose of compiling the dictionary and the relationship with other Chinese dictionaries, but also the understanding and even the view of Chinese characters in ancient Korea. Combining the contents of the preface, postscript, foreword, and general notices of Korean dictionaries, as well as other Korean Chinese literature, it analyzes Korea’s understanding of Chinese characters, and explains the main contents of Korea’s view of Chinese characters from different dimensions, such as the dissemination of Chinese characters, Chinese characters ontology, and the use of Chinese characters. On this basis, a comparison is made with the views of Chinese characters in Chinese dictionaries and other literature and Chinese character views in Vietnam, to provide new perspectives on the study of extraterritorial dissemination of Chinese characters and Korean Chinese characters.

The monographic study is a targeted and in-depth study of a specific theme. It is an important supplement to the macroscopic description of general history and the microscopic analysis of individual cases, and it serves as an entry point to push the research on the history of learning deeper and more comprehensive. The theory of Chinese character studies is of utmost importance in monographic research. It plays a role in laying the theoretical foundation and defining the disciplinary connotations for the construction of the history of Chinese Grammatology. When researching the theory of Chinese Grammatology, one should “pay more attention to the overall situation and the system, and at the same time, pay attention to the connections and communication with linguistics, as well as archaeology, history, philology, cultural studies, etc., further expand the breadth and depth of the research on character studies, and establish theoretical systems of Chinese character studies with different styles, so that Chinese character studies can have its own discourse system on a world-class platform.” Western research on the theory of Chinese Grammatology involves multiple topics such as “the nature of Chinese characters” “the origin of Chinese characters” “the evolution of Chinese characters” “the ‘liushu’ Chinese Characters” “the structure of Chinese characters” “the pronunciation of Chinese characters” “the classification of Chinese characters” “the dissemination of Chinese characters” “the relationship between characters and words” and “the relationship between Chinese characters and the Chinese language.” Conducting re-research on the relevant studies of Western scholars from the perspective of academic history helps to provide an “other” perspective and a global vision for the research on the theory of Chinese Grammatology in China. This article takes the materials related to the theme of “the dissemination of Chinese characters” in Western Chinese Grammatology as the research object. Through the combination of research overviews and case analyses, it aims to gain a more in-depth understanding and recognition of the focuses, research spots, and research trends that Western scholars pay attention to when studying the dissemination of Chinese characters.

The ‘I bǎ you (this/that) + NP’ sentence pattern in modern Chinese, represented by the novel Journey to the West, has always been a hot topic in academic research. The various explanations made by predecessors from grammatical perspectives cannot well answer the reasons why this patttern only appears in the abusive context, nor are they in line with the pursuit of natural language habits in oral expressions. From the perspective of dialects and slangs, especially the commonly seen cases in modern dialect areas such as Wuhan and Yimeng, combining the process of writing Journey to the West and the source of language materials of which, interpreting ‘bǎ’ as a abusive word in folk vulgar language not only answers the unsolved questions, but also makes the ‘bǎ’ clause sentences more appropriate, natural and reasonable. With the development of language, the emotional color of the abusive word “ba” for scolding gradually weakened, eventually becoming a common pet-phrase in vulgar oral language.

This study aims to examine the cultural traditions, historical experiences, and political symbolism reflected in the naming systems of China’s aerospace development. China’s aerospace endeavors extend beyond mere technological exploration; through carefully crafted naming strategies, they uniquely integrate traditional Chinese culture with modern technological advancement, conveying profound cultural meanings and political messages. Firstly, from the perspective of Chinese mythology and traditional philosophical thought, this paper analyzes the cultural symbolism embedded in aerospace names such as “Tiangong,” “Shenzhou,” “Chang’e,” “Yutu,” and “Zhurong.” It explores how these traditional elements combine with modern technologies to strengthen the cultural identity and national pride of the Chinese public regarding their country’s aerospace achievements. Secondly, this paper delves into the historical experiences and political implications embodied in the naming of the “Long March” series rockets and the “Dongfanghong” satellite, illustrating how these naming strategies effectively preserve China’s revolutionary history and emphasize socialist ideology and national political symbolism. Finally, this study suggests that the cultural and political dimensions of China’s aerospace naming strategies have successfully enhanced domestic cohesion and shaped China’s distinctive aerospace image on the international stage.

The studies of Chinese Phonosemantics in Korea have developed progressively since the introduction of Chinese characters to the Korean Peninsula. Scholars throughout history have emphasized the documentation of Chinese character pronunciation and meaning in the compilation of rhyme books and dictionaries, utilizing Hangul annotations to distinguish between Chinese character pronunciations and Sino-Korean character pronunciations. Hwadongjeongeumtongseokunko (華東正音通釋韻考, Park Seong-won, 1747) serves as a representative work, with historical records such as Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty (朝鮮王朝實錄) and the preface of Saseong Tonghae (四聲通解) also containing relevant records. As of the end of 2024, the studies of Chinese Phonosemantics in Korea have more than ten related works and over a hundred academic papers, categorized into three main areas: (1) studies on phonosemantic books (approximately 65%), with a focus on the sound and meaning of Buddhist scriptures and Tripitaka Koreana (高麗大藏經) research, represented by the team of Lee Kyoo-Kap; (2) dictionary research (about 15%), identifying Sungyeong Eui’ui (順憬音義) as the earliest Korean dictionary and clarifying its literature type; (3) researches on the relationships between sounds and meanings (around 20%), including Kim Young-Chan’s argument for the independence of phonosemantics, and Yum Jae-Ung’s investigation of specific correspondence of sound and meaning. The studies of Chinese Phonosemantics in Korea exhibits distinctive local characteristics, and future directions include strengthening and expanding Chinese Phonosemantics in Korea as a discipline, incorporating computational linguistics to advance digitalization and corpus-based approaches, and contributing to the internationalization of Chinese Phonosemantics studies.

From its emergence in the late Han Dynasty to its independence in the Qing Dynasty, Chinese phonosemantics has produced numerous phonosemantic works and accumulated rich research achievements up to the present. Classifying and organizing these achievements and compiling the Bibliography of the Achievements on Chinese Phonosemantics is an inevitable requirement for the scientific construction of the discipline of Chinese phonosemantics. The Bibliography of the Achievements on Chinese Phonosemantics serves the practice of building an independent knowledge system in China. It not only provides material basis for the construction of the discipline of Chinese phonosemantics but also offers considerable academic convenience for researchers entering this field, thereby enriching and expanding the content of general phonosemantic research.

LIn this study, we investigated the habitat characteristics of a Jeonju Duckjin lake in Jeonju City, Jeonbuk, in which a large group of reeve’s turtle(Mauremys reevesii)(endangered species Class II and natural monument No. 453 in Korea) was discovered. The lake where reeve’s turtle(M. reevesii) was discovered, was beside Jeonbuk National university. That lake was surrounded by lotuses, dam, and reeds. We found 12 reeve’s turtle(M. reevesii)(included with 2 juveniles), 30 red eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans)(included with 4 juveniles), 22 river cooter(Pseudemys concinna)(included with 5 juveniles), and 6 Chinese stripe necked turtle(Mauremys sinensis)(included with 4 juveniles) from June to September, 2024, respectively. A number of red-eared sliders(Trachemys scripta elegans) which threaten the survival of reeve’s turtle(M. reevesii), were also found in and around the lake. Newborn turtles in this year were not observed. However, we estimated that natural breeding had sufficiently occurred since we observed many young turtles in the lake. Furthermore, the presence of young red-eared slider individuals can be a persistent problem for reeve’s turtle(M. reevesii) as they are competing species. In conclusion, in-situ conservation method should be considered for protecting the endangered turtle and their habitat.

본 연구는 Rolling Asymmetric VAR-BEKK-GARCH 모형으로 한·중·일·미 4개 주식 시장 변동성의 비대칭 전이효과를 분석하였다. 연구는 시장 변동성의 정태적인 전이 효과뿐만 아니라 시간가변적인 비대칭 전이효과를 파악하였다. 분석 결과에 따르면, 중국 시장 호황기에는 비대칭 변동성 전이효과의 부호가 대체로 음(-)으로, 시장 불황기나 불안정 시기에는 양(+)의 부호로 나타났다. 또한, 한국, 일본, 미국 등 시장의 충격이 중국 시장 변동성에 대한 영향은 비교적 일관된 방향성을 보이며, 반면에 중국발 충격이 타 시장의 변동성에 미치는 영향은 시간가변적인 특징을 나타냈다. 이는 중국 금융 시장의 동태적 특성을 파악하는 데 유의미한 시사점을 제공할 수 있다.

중국 아동 도서 시장은 ‘두 자녀 정책’과 초기 교육 중시 경향으로 빠르게 성장하 며, 자국 창작 도서 개발과 해외 도서 수입이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 2010년을 전후로 한국 아동 도서는 감성적 그림책, 학습 만화, 가정 교육 도서 등으로 중국 시 장에 성공적으로 진출하며 긍정적인 반응을 얻고 있다. 최근 중국 아동 도서 시장은 ‘아동 도서 출판+’ 개념을 도입해 콘텐츠를 확장하고, 온·오프라인 홍보 전략을 결합 하는 방향으로 변화하고 있다. 그러나 관련 연구는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 중국 아동 도서 시장의 발전 양상과 변화를 분석하고, 한국 아동 도서의 성 공 사례를 검토하여 중국 출판 시장에 대한 이해를 높이며 향후 연구의 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다.

중국 드라마 <겨우, 서른>은 “여성소재(女題材)” 열풍을 일으킨 작품으로 작가, 인 물, 관객 측면에서 모두 여성 주체성이 돋보인 작품으로 평가받는다. 본고는 작품 속 여성 목소리를 통해 여성의 주체성이 어떻게 구현되었는지 살펴보았다. 주인공들의 내레이션과 방백을 분석한 결과, 드라마 <겨우, 서른>은 기존 여성에게 부과되었던 신체와 일치된 목소리, 비자발적 발화, 비의미적 발화와 같은 특징을 거부하고, 여성 의 목소리에 더 많은 권한을 부여함으로써 중국 현대 여성의 주체성을 드러낸다. 또 한, 시청자를 향한 주인공들의 방백은 시청자를 대화의 청자로 끌어들이며 그들과 강한 유대감을 형성하고, 새로운 ‘여성’ 목소리를 확립하는데 기여한다.

본 연구는 새로 도입되는 2022 개정 교육과정의 중국어 기본어휘 865개 항목이 고 등학교 ‘중국어’ 과목 교과서에서 어떻게 활용되고 있는지 분석하고, 이에 근거하여 기본어휘의 개선 방향을 모색하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 교과서별 기본어휘 비율, 범위 초과 어휘, 공통 어휘와 미수록 어휘라는 세 가지 측면에서 분석을 진행 하였다. 각 교과서 어휘 색인의 목록 어휘 비율은 58.8%에서 77.4%까지 다양하였으 나, ‘일러두기’에 따라 기본어휘로 인정되는 낱말들까지 포함하면 모두 80% 이상이었 다. 4종 이상의 교과서에 공통으로 쓰인 범위 초과 어휘는 49개였는데, 대부분은 기 본어휘로 간주되는 경우였다. 7종 교과서에 공통으로 쓰인 낱말은 108개였는데, 이 가운데 1, 2급 어휘가 91.7%로 비중이 매우 높았다. 한편 미수록 어휘는 332개였으 며, 그중 1급 어휘는 55개로 많지 않았다. 기본어휘 활용의 효율성 제고와 학생들의 학습 부담 경감을 위해 목록 어휘 활용에 관한 공통 지침의 강화가 요구된다.

The Japanese government's longstanding policy on Taiwan and the continuous promotio n of Japanese education, coupled with the economic and cultural exchanges with Japan aft er the restoration of Taiwan, have resulted in a considerable amount of Japanese vocabula ry remaining in Taiwan, which has first entered the Taiwanese vocabulary system.However, as far as these words are concerned, instead of focusing on the writing of words, it is bet ter to present them in the form of sounds, which are naturally present in the language of daily life. These words have not disappeared with the breakup of Taiwan from Japanese ru le, and they are still used regularly, especially for native speakers (73.3% of the population of Taiwan speaks Taiwanese), and the use of Taiwanese interspersed with Japanese vocabul ary is a natural thing to do. Chinese language borrows words from Taiwanese, not only be cause of the lack of Taiwanese culture and daily life words, but also because of the lack o f Chinese vocabulary, as there are still words with similar meanings or synonyms, but to e xpress the lively and vivid character of the Chinese language. In any case, with the freque nt exchanges between Taiwan and Japan, and the increasing use of Chinese in the Taiwan ese society, many Japanese words originally belonging to Taiwanese usage are gradually b eing used as Chinese, with Chinese pronunciations. These loanwords from Japanese, whether they still exist in Taiwanese, or have been intro duced into Chinese from Taiwanese, or have even been introduced directly into the Chines e language system in recent years, can all indicate that the Taiwanese language is a very i mportant part of the Chinese language system. These loanwords from Japanese, whether t hey still exist in Taiwanese, or have been imported from Taiwanese into Chinese, or have even been directly introduced into the Chinese language system in recent years, all illustrat e the fact that Taiwanese culture has been deeply influenced by Japanese culture. The reas on why a large number of Japanese loanwords can be commonly used in daily life is due to the inclusiveness of other cultures and the acceptance of words, and the use of many of these loanwords will be partially changed in the process of cultural exchange, whether i t is an increase in meaning, a change in meaning, or an increase in the number of words in a particular language. Many borrowed words are more or less partially changed in the process of cultural exchanges, no matter whether the meaning of the word is increased, d ecreased or modified, but they can still be used, which shows that the use of language is very flexible. From the exchange of vocabulary, we can also see the sense of identification with the culture of a certain country. In the case of Taiwan, there has always been a deep affection for Japan, and this affection has not diminished over time, as evidenced by the l arge number of loanwords used in daily life in recent years