This study explores the use of Midjourney (V6) by fashion design undergraduates for AI-supported ideation, focusing on how outcomes differ based on fashion-domain competence and prompt/parameter instruction. A focused ethnographic, comparative case-study design was used to observe a short collection-development module. Data included Discord prompt and parameter logs, generated image outputs (mood boards, look proposals, and pattern drafts), one-on-one interviews, classroom observation notes, and expert co-coding and qualitative evaluation. Participants were organized into four groups by crossing Basic vs. Advanced Fashion competence (BF/AF) with Basic vs. Advanced Prompt training (BP/AP): BF-BP, AF-BP, BF-AP, and AF-AP. BF-BP depended on repetitive/imaginary use and generic descriptors, resulting in visually appealing yet conceptually fragmented and low-feasibility results. AF-BP leveraged a richer domain vocabulary to improve item-level adequacy but struggled to maintain collection-level consistency, leading to the use of external editing tools such as Photoshop and Illustrator for portfolio-level refinement. BF-AP quickly mastered commands and parameters (e.g., /describe, --chaos, --stylize, --ar, --tile, --no, --sref, --cref), generating appealing concept imagery while failing to convert outputs into wearable garments and cohesive collections. AF-AP combined advanced fashion knowledge with strategic parameter sequencing— broad exploration, followed by consistency control and selective refinement—achieving the most coherent, feasible outcomes and positioning AI as an early-stage accelerator rather than a substitute for core design and making skills. Overall, this study proposes “parameter literacy” as a domain-specific extension of GenAI literacy and offers a parameter–process mapping (divergent generation, consistency control, and editing/refinement) to enhance fashion curricula.

In this study, the structural analysis for the compressor wheel of a high-speed rotating turbocharger is presented, and the failure phenomenon that occurred during the durability test is analytically reproduced. Next, in order to set the optimization conditions, the stress for design shape, fastening force, and press-fit condition were analyzed. As a result, the maximum stress in the failure areas increases as the fastening force increases. Therefore, in order to improve the durability of the compressor wheel, the axial force is reduced while applying the press-fit between the wheel and the shaft. Meanwhile, when the shape of the back surface of the wheel was changed, the stress was additionally reduced by approximately 8.5%.

The seriousness of environmental pollution and Particulate matter is becoming a hot topic around the world, and interest in air pollution problems caused by exhaust gases generated from industrial sites, automobiles, and ships is also increasing. Korea's air environment has a significant external impact due to its regional characteristics, so there is a limit to establishing an air environment management plan according to regional emission characteristics. In order to reduce Particulate matter emissions, various industrial fields use technology to remove air pollutants by using an electric precipitator to reduce fine pollutants. In this study, we intend to optimally design the dust collecting plate and electrode plate of the low-pressure electric precipitator to confirm the changes in physical properties and properties of SUS316L materials before and after exposure to diesel engine exhaust gas.

This research introduces a novel probabilistic approach to consider the effects of uncertainty parameters during the design and construction process, providing a fresh perspective on the evaluation of the structural performance of reinforced concrete structures. The study, which categorized various random design and construction process variables into three groups, selected a two-story reinforced concrete frame as a prototype and evaluated it using a nonlinear analytical model. The effects of the uncertainty propagations to seismic responses of the prototype RC frame were probabilistically evaluated using non-linear dynamic analyses based on the Monte-Carlo simulation sampling with the Latin hypercube method. The derivation of seismic fragility curves of the RC frame from the probabilistic distributions as the results of uncertainty-propagation and the verification of whether the RC frame can meet the seismic performance objective from a probabilistic point of view represent a novel and significant contribution to the field of structural engineering.

Seismic demand on nonstructural components (NSCs) is highly dependent on the coupled behavior of a combined supporting structure- NSC system. Because of the inherent complexities of the problem, many of the affecting factors are inevitably neglected or simplified based on engineering judgments in current seismic design codes. However, a systematic analysis of the key affecting factors should establish reasonable seismic design provisions for NSCs. In this study, an idealized 2-DOF model simulating the coupled structure-NSC system was constructed to analyze the parameters that affect the response of NSCs comprehensively. The analyses were conducted to evaluate the effects of structure-NSC mass ratio, structure, and NSC nonlinearities on the peak component acceleration. Also, the appropriateness of component ductility factor (R p) given by current codes was discussed based on the required ductility capacity of NSCs. It was observed that the responses of NSCs on the coupled system were significantly affected by the mass ratio, resulting in lower accelerations than the floor spectrum-based response, which neglected the interaction effects. Also, the component amplification factor (a p) in current provisions tended to underestimate the dynamic amplification of NSCs with a mass ratio of less than 15%. The nonlinearity of NSCs decreased the component responses. In some cases, the code-specified R p caused nonlinear deformation far beyond the ductility capacity of NSCs, and a practically unacceptable level of ductility was required for short-period NSCs to achieve the assigned amount of response reduction.

Eutrophication and algal blooms can lead to increase of taste and odor compounds and health problems by cyanobacterial toxins. To cope with these eco-social issues, Ministry of Environment in Korea has been reinforcing the effluent standards of wastewater treatment facilities. As a result, various advanced phosphorus removal processes have been adopted in each wastewater treatment plant nation-widely. However, a lot of existing advanced wastewater treatment processes have been facing the problems of expensive cost in operation and excessive sludge production caused by high dosage of coagulant. In this study, the sedimentation and dissolved air flotation (SeDAF) process integrated with sedimentation and flotation has been developed for enhanced phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment facilities. Design and operating parameters of the SeDAF process with the capacity of 100 m3/d were determined, and a demonstration plant has been installed and operated at I wastewater treatment facility (located in Gyeonggi-do) for the verification of field applicability. Several empirical evaluations for the SeDAF process were performed at demonstration-plant scale, and the results showed clearly that T-P and turbidity values of treated water were to satisfy the highest effluent standards below 0.2 mg/L and 2.0 NTU stably for all of operation cases.

The algal blooms in stagnant streams and lakes have caused many problems. Excessive algae leads to disturbance of ecosystem and overload of water treatment processes. Therefore, phosphorus(P), source of algal blooms, should be controlled. In this study, a filtration trench has been developed to convert dissolved phosphorus into hydroxyapatite(HAP) so that it could be crystallized on the surface of ‘phosphorus removal granular material’; and residual particulate phosphorus could be removed by additional precipitation and filtration. The front and rear parts of filtration trench consisted of ‘phosphorus removal granular material contact bed’ and ‘limestone filtration bed’, respectively. As a result of the column test using phosphorus removal granular material and limestone serially, PO4-P was removed more than 90% when EBCT(empty bed contact time) of the contact bed was over 20 minutes; and T-P represented 60% of removal efficiency when total EBCT was over 1.5 hours. The results of column tests to figure out the sedimentation characteristics showed that more than 90% of particulate phosphorus could be removed within 24 hours. It was necessary to optimize the filtration part in order to increase removal efficiency of T-P additionally. Also, it was confirmed through the simulation of Visual MINTEQ that most of particulate phosphorus in the column tests is the form of HAP. Based on the results of the study, it could be suggested that the design parameters are over 0.5 hour of EBCT for phosphorus removal granular material contact bed and over 1.5 hours of EBCT for limestone filtration bed.

Water quality improvement processes for stagnant area consist mainly of technologies applying vegetation and artificial water circulation, and these existing technologies have some limits to handle pollution loads effectively. To improve the purification efficiency, eco-friendly technologies should be developed that can reinforce self-purification functions. In this study, a multi-functional floating island combined with physical · chemical · biological functions (① flotation and oxidization using microbubbles, ② vegetation purification and ③ bio-filtration with improved adsorption capacity) has been developed and basic experiments were performed to determine the optimal combination conditions for each unit process. It has been shown that it is desirable to operate the microbubble unit process under conditions greater than 3.5 kgf/cm2. In vegetation purification unit process, Yellow Iris (Iris pseudacorus) was suggested to be suitable considering water quality, landscape improvement and maintenance. When granular red-mud was applied to the bio-filtration unit process, it was found that T-P removal efficiency was good and its value was also stable for various linear velocity conditions. The appropriate thickness of filter media was suggested between 30 and 45 cm. In this study, the optimal design and operating parameters of the multi-functional floating island have been presented based on the results of the basic experiments of each unit process.

PURPOSES : One of the main components of road projects funded by the Economic Development Cooperation Fund (EDCF) is the improvement or rehabilitation of existing pavements. The result is that pavement structures are critical to the success of a project. There is, however, no design standard available at present that reflects a region's specific features including climate conditions and quality of pavement materials. For this reason, a comparative study of the major EDCF borrowers' flexible pavement design standards was conducted. This study led to the proposal of a new method for applying flexible pavement designs which can be used for EDCF-funded projects in Asia. METHODS : The method has been produced by adjusting some input data of the "AASHTO Interim Guide for Design of Pavement Structures" in accordance with certain Asian countries' geometrical features, tropical and subtropical weather, and strength of pavement materials. The Philippine regional factors, having five different grades, have been selected after taking into consideration the amount of rainfall, strength of pavement materials, and characteristics of the Asia and Pacific regions. Structural layer coefficients have been prepared for two different regions according to the geometric difference between Southeast and Southwest Asia. The Philippine and Sri Lankan coefficients have been used for Southeast Asia and Southwest Asia, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : Owing to applying this new method, it was verified that the thickness of the pavement was underestimated by between 11 cm and 16 cm compared with the originally designed thickness. Having discovered that the use of the Korean and Americanoriented factors and coefficients is not appropriate for other Asian countries, the new method is expected to enhance the quality of pavement in future projects.

본 논문에서는 원통형 혼합기를 대상으로 블레이드의 각도, 길이, 개수 및 블레이드와 탱크 바닥과의 간극을 설계변수로 선정하고, 각각의 설계변수가 혼합성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이산요소법을 이용하여 임펠러 회전에 의한 고체 입자 의 혼합공정을 해석하였으며, 혼합지수를 도입하여 혼합성능을 정량적으로 평가하였다. 다양한 설계변수의 조합을 고려한 실험계획법으로 설계변수의 주효과와 교호작용을 분석함으로써, 블레이드 각도가 입자의 혼합성능에 가장 지배적인 영향을 미치며 간극의 영향은 상대적으로 작다는 결론을 도출할 수 있었다. 또한 가장 우수한 혼합성능을 보이는 설계변수의 조합 을 제시하였다.

This paper presents the approach of design parameters optimization based on Taguchi method for the uniformity of outlet pressure in a plasma discharge chamber. The key issue of a plasma discharge chamber is to have the uniformity of outlet pressure which can make a high performance of surface treatment. To extend the length of a outlet from 60mm to 250mm with the uniformity, This study optimally designed the middle holes, outlet width and height, and diameter of the second chamber by using SolidWorks and flow simulation tool. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.

In the car speaker, because the sound characteristics is changed by the space of car which mount the speaker, the speaker elements must be decide according to sound field. In this study, the mass of cone paper and damper is changed and the characteristics of the sound pressure and loudness are investigated by the experimental approach. According to the change of the speaker characteristics, the sound pressure and loudness level are changed. The effect of the con paper is larger than that of the damper in the aspect of the loudness. In the future, these data will be used to investigate the correlation between the sound quality and measurement data.

This study is concerned about the optimal design of the main frame in a moper. Mopper is widely used for cleaning in the fields such as airport, subway, train station, large shopping mall, department store, hospital, government buildings, school, industrial building floor, etc. Especially, main frame in mopper are stressed by high, mostly loads. Nevertheless, design of main frame is dependent on experience, and it will cause reliability reduction and cost increase. This research purpose is to propose and verify a method to achieve higher product quality, lower costs, and far less physical testing. In this study, design parameters used for optimization are each thickness of 4 square pipes and 1 plate in the main frame. The result after optimization showed that the weight of main frame reduced to maximum 6.5% when compared with the initial design in main frame.

The object of this study is concerned about the optimal design of the supporting frame in a twist screen. Twist screen is widely used for grading and screening materials in the fields such as coal-selecting, mining-selecting, building materials, electrical power and chemical industry, etc. It is composed of base, supporting frame, vibrator, screen, spring, trough, clamp and etc. Especially, supporting frame in twist screen are stressed by high load, mostly it is shock-type loads. Nevertheless, design of base is dependent on experience, and it will cause reliability reduction and cost increase. The supporting plate is composed by the upper plate, the bracket and etc. This research purpose is to propose and verify a method to achieve higher product quality, lower costs, and far less physical testing. In this study, design parameters used for optimization are the upper plate thickness(8㎜, 10㎜, 12㎜) and the bracket thickness(8㎜, 10㎜, 12㎜) in the supporting frame. The result showed that base weight reduced to maximum 25.8% when compared with the current twist screen.

본 연구에서는 SOI 구조를 이용한 50μm 두계의 규소 태양전지의 이용 가능성과 제한사항을 제시하기 위하여, interdigitated contact을 이용한 전극을 형성하도록 전지를 설계한 후 단계별 사진공정을 통해 태양전지를 제조하였다. Bonded SOI wafer를 이용하여 제조된 50μm 두께의 결정질 규소 태양전지의 효율은 전극간격이 1100μm과 base width가 35μm인 경우에서 11.5%로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 또한 실험결과로부터 전면전극을 이용한 태양전지의 구조는 power loss를 최소화하는 최적의 base fraction을 적용하는 것이 필요하며, 전지의 효율은 fill factor에 강한 의존성을 나타내기 때문에 fill factor loss를 최소화하는 설계조건이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

주로 경험에 의존하여 최선의 상태를 구하는 설계방식에 반하여 수학적인 해석방법을 사용하여 체계적으로 최상의 결과를 얻고자하는 것이 최적설계이다. 이때 상태의 해석방법 뿐아니라 비선형의 설계함수의 최적화에 관한 기법 연구가 요구된다. 해석적인 비선형 최적화의 기법중 공학설계에 사용할 수 있는 수렴속도가 빠르며, 사용하기에 편리하다고 알려진 반복 이차 계획법(Recursive Quadratic Programming Method)의 매개변수들의 역할을 살피고 이들의 변화에 따른 수치성능을 비교 분석하여 계산효율이 개선된 수치적 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 설계함수들의 일차 미분정보를 이용한 근사 이차 미분정보에 의하여 최적해의 접근속도가 빠른 RQP 알고리즘의 평가를 위하여 구조물의 무게를 최소화하면서 유한요소의 응력, 변위, 최소고유진동수등의 제한조건을 만족하는 주어진 형상의 최적단면을 가지는 구조물도 설계하였다.