Currently, KHNP-CRI has developed 100 kW plasma torch melting facility to reduce the amount of radioactive waste in nuclear power plant. Plasma torch melting technology uses electric arc phenomena like lightning to melt the target material at a high temperature of about 1,600°C. The technology is applicable to treatment for various types of waste such as combustible, non-combustible and mixed wastes. The volume reduction ratio by the technology is respectively expected to be about 1/60 of combustible wastes and about 1/5 for non-combustible wastes. It is important to discharge the melt without problems in the melting technology. In general, molten slag has properties such as high viscosity and quick solidification. Because of the properties, when discharging into slag container, the final product is accumulated like a mountain. To improve this problem, there is three suggestions; 1) rotation of the slag container, 2) vibration of the slag container, and 3) heating of the slag container.

By developing plasma torch melting technology in 1996, our company has developed the first generation 150 kW (’96~’02), the second generation 500 kW (’08~’12), and the third generation MW plasma torch melting facility (’14~’18), and completed facility upgrading (’20~’23). The MW plasma torch melting facility is equipped with CCTV to monitor waste input, melting, torch integrity, and melt discharge. The lens is installed inside a metal housing made of stainless steel to prevent damage caused by external impacts and high temperatures, and supplies nitrogen to prevent cooling and lens contamination. As a result of the demonstration test, as the temperature inside the melting furnace increased after starting the plasma torch, the resolution decreased along with noise in the CCTV, and facility monitoring was difficult due to high temperatures and foreign substances (fume). Based on the test results, CCTV was changed to a non-insertion type that was not directly exposed to high temperatures, and a filter (quartz) was additionally applied to monitor the melt smoothly. As a result of applying the newly manufactured CCTV to the demonstration test, smooth monitoring ability was confirmed even at normal operating temperature (above 1,500°C). Through this facility improvement, the operation convenience of the plasma torch melting facility has been secured, and it is expected that it will be able to operate stably during long-term continuous operation in the future.

본 연구는 재가노인복지시설 중 데이케어센터 종사자인 요양보호사의 직무스트레스가 직무만족에 미치 는 영향을 살펴보고, 이들 간의 관계에서 데이케어센터 요양보호사의 자아탄력성이 조절효과를 갖는지 검 증하였다. 데이케어센터 요양보호사의 다양한 업무요인에 따른 직무스트레스를 확인하고, 요양보호사의 자아탄력성이 직무만족에 미치는 영향을 규명함으로써 데이케어센터 요양보호사의 직무만족을 위한 직무 환경 개선방안을 도출 하였다. 본 연구는 요양보호사의 직무스트레스와 직무만족도의 관련성 분석을 위해 자아탄력성을 조절변수로 하 였다. 자료 수집을 위해 서울, 충북, 경남의 데이케어센터에 근무하는 요양보호사들을 대상으로 총 471부를 최종분석 자료로 사용하였다. 자료 분석을 위해 IBM SPSS 및 AMOS 25.0 프로그램을 활용하였다. 본 연 구 결과 첫째, 직무스트레스는 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인했다. 둘째, 자아탄력성은 직무만족 에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인했다. 셋째, 직무스트레스의 하위요인인 행정적 지원에 스트레스가 높을수 록, 업무관련 스트레스가 높을수록, 보호자 관계에 스트레스가 높을수록 자아탄력성이 낮아짐을 확인했다.

The railroad facilities are intended for long-term operation as the initial acquisition costs necessary for infrastructure construction are high. Therefore, regular maintenance of railroad facilities is essential, and furthermore, system reliability through systematic performance evaluation is required. In this study, the signal control system of railroad electrical equipment was selected as the subject of research and the performance evaluation target facility selection study was conducted using AHP. The results of the study can contribute to the reliability of the signal control system as well as to the reliability of the railroad system, which is a higher system.

본 연구의 목적은 악취 발생 저감을 위해 국내에서 최근 권고되는 밀폐(무창)형 돈사와 기존 개방형 돈 사의 비용 편익을 분석하여 이러한 추진 방향의 객관적 타당성을 확보하는 데 있다. 두 돈사 유형의 비용은 설치비와 운용비로 구분한 후 관련 문헌 자료와 현장 조사 결과를 근거로 추정하였고, 편익은 축산 환경 전문가들을 대상으로 한 델파이 설문 조사 기법 적용을 통해 추정하였다. 비용 편익 분석 결과, 양돈 규모에 상관없이 개방형과 밀폐형 돈사 모두 편익/비용 비율이 1 초과로 추정되어 돼지 생산에 따른 경제적 이익이 창출되는 것으로 분석되었다. 하지만 소규모, 중규모, 대규모 양돈 농가 모두 밀폐(무창)형 돈사의 편익/비용 비율(B/C ratio)이 개방형 돈사보다 상대적으로 모두 높은 것으로 추정되었다. 결론적으로 기존 양돈 농가들의 인·허가 시 경제성 우위 측면뿐만 아니라 축산 악취의 효율적 관리를 위해서도 개방형 돈사를 밀폐(무창)형 돈사로 변경하도록 권고해야 하며, 특히 편익/비용 비율이 상대적으로 가장 높은 수치를 보인 대규모 농가인 경우 이를 이행 조치하는 것이 합리적이라 판단된다.

본 연구는 레저스포츠 종목 중 사고 위험도가 높은 번지점프시설에 대해 분야별, 국·내외 사고사례 및 우리나라의 번지점프시설 안전점검 관련 자료를 중심으로 분석하였다. 번지점프시설의 심화과정에서 시설분야, 장비분야, 운영분야, 위생분야 내용에 대한 문제점을 도출하고 개선방향을 제시하였다. 그리고 안전사고의 근본적인 원인을 찾고, 운영자 및 종사자의 설문을 통하여 현장에 적합하고 필요한 사항, 운영자 측면의 합리적 운영, 운영요원의 교육 및 안전매뉴얼 숙지, 이용자 측면의 안전성 확보 등을 찾아 관련 법안인 ｢레저스포츠 진흥 및 안전에 관한 법률｣의 기초자료에 적용 및 도움을 줌으로써 안전사고 감소에 의한 재해를 사전에 예방할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

중·저준위 방사성폐기물 처분시설의 운영 중 사고로 인한 방사선적 영향을 평가하기 위해서는 운영 중 발생 가능한 사고 에 대한 타당성이 입증되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 처분시설의 운영 중 사고분석 체계를 처분시설의 구성요소에 대한 안전 기능분석, 잠재위험요소분석, 위험도분석, 그리고 향후 조치대안으로 사고평가체계를 개선하였다. 이를 위하여 위험도분석 에 필요한 설계대안과 관리대안을 추가하여 설계-운영-평가가 연계되도록 하였다. 또한 운영 중 사고의 발생확률과 평가결 과의 심각성에 따라 운영중 사고에 대한 분류기준을 제안하여 처분시설 운영 중 대표 사고시나리오에 대한 정당성을 확보 하였다. 본 논문의 개선된 평가체계를 우리나라의 2단계 중·저준위 방사성폐기물 표층처분시설에 대한 처분시설 운영 중 사고분석의 사례에 대해 적용하였다.

The purpose of this study is to present improvement for classification system of current neighborhood living facility to correspond rapid social change and various industries after understanding its status and problem. In current Building Standard Law, various kinds of buildings are classified for their structure, purpose of use, and building types. The Neighborhood Living Facility is divided into First Neighborhood Living Facility and Second Neighborhood Living Facility with applying area standards, according to facilities of convenience degree for neighborhood inhabitants. This classification, however, has problem in an arbitrary decision and applying of buildings without any definition or standards to adopt. And, there are some mixed neighborhood public functional facilities and amusement business affecting public morals among the Neighborhood Living Facility, so hazard environmental problems are also existed. According to the improved program, the study presents a prompt adoption of new facilities according to various industry increase, with minimum public discontent over adopted area standards. This study suggests making a clear scope through reclassification of Neighborhood Living Facility within the scope of the law on current Neighborhood Living Facility and an improvement plan of introducing necessary definitions on purpose of facility.

Because recently(July 14, 2011) fire occurred in the engine room of a moving taxi under Namsan Tunnel 1, 51 vehicles' driver and more than 250 passengers in the road tunnel were urgently evacuated with abandoned vehicles. Vehicle fires in Namsan Tunnel that day, Sufferers struggled to escape quickly difficult to escape the two-way by abandoned vehicles on the road and to fear many casualties by using vehicle fuel and combustible interior and the driver who is ignorant of vehicle accident continuous entered in the road tunnel had accessibility the site of fire department was more difficult. In this study, It is to investigate structure and basic materials, such as fire extinguish equipment and facilities for damage prevention and to analyze the problems and to plan improvement method of fire extinguish equipment, facilities for damage prevention and transportation facilities(Large traffic signs, Breaker, etc.) on the Namsan Tunnel that in the long-term plan is prepared to strengthen for accessibility of the site of fire department in case of Vehicle's fire.

Today's fierce competition and global economic recession make most of manufacturing companies in the world difficult to gain a profit. In order to survive such a environment and increase competitiveness, manufacturing companies have to continuously eliminate their wasteful factors through an efficient process analysis, improve quality of products, increase the flexibility of manufacturing processes. In this paper, we consider a case study for the Shanghai New Auto which is a subcontractor of MOBIS in China, to improve productivity by using therblig method, one of the motion analysis, to minimize the work-in-process inventories and to shorten the manufacturing cycle times. We also try to relocate the facility layout to increase the efficiency and flexibility of manufacturing processes.

The Korean government had enacted 'Special Regulation on the Safe Maintenance of Facilities' and carried out regular safety inspections since the mid-1990s, consequently establishing and enforcing an effective maintenance and management system. And throughout this entire process, the government searched for new methods to increase the overall effectiveness of the system. Nevertheless, the reality is that our society remains structurally unprepared to implement a commercial mindset that views the concept of "safety" as a product that can be traded in the open market based on supply and demand. Therefore, the government should establish mid to long-term plans to implement such a system in successive stages.

음식물류 폐기물은 2005년부터 분리배출 되고 있으며, 퇴비화, 사료화 등을 비롯하여 다양하게 자원화가 이루어지고 있다. 2015년 기준 생활 폐기물 중 음식물류 폐기물의 재활용률은 13,690톤/일로 전체 생활폐기물 대비 96.6%를 기록하였다. 이 중 49%가 사료화, 29%가 퇴비화, 7.3%가 바이오가스화, 14.7% 기타방법으로 처리되고 있는 실정이다. 정부의 음식물류 폐기물 자원화 정책에도 불구하고 음식물류 폐기물 자원화 업체의 제품 품질 문제, 퇴비의 미부숙 문제 등 자원화 업체에 대한 관리 감독 미흡, 자원화 시설 및 중간처리 등의 문제로 음식물류 폐기물의 자원화가 건전하게 이루어지지 않고 있는 실정이다. 또한 음식물류 폐기물 자원화 산물의 유통체계 미흡 및 부정적 인식으로 자원화 제품의 유통이 원활히 이루어지지 않는 문제점이 대두되었다. 음식물류 폐기물의 처리 실태 파악을 위하여 퇴비화, 사료화, 바이오가스화 등의 음식물류 폐기물 자원화 업체를 대상으로 방문 및 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 현재 음식물류 폐기물의 처리 실태를 파악하였다. 음식물류 폐기물 자원화 적격업체 심사 기준으로 음식물류 폐기물 자원화 업체를 관리 감독하고 있지만, 미부숙 퇴비 유통, 자원화 제품의 이물질 과다 포함 등의 문제로 자원화 제품 이용에 부정적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 음식물류 폐기물 자원화 건전성 확보를 위하여 본 연구에서는 음식물류 폐기물 자원화 업체에 대한 관리감독 개선 방안과 음식물류 폐기물 처리 선진화, 자원화 제품의 부정적 인식 등의 개선방안을 마련하였다.

In this study, in order to measure the seepage through dam body and foundation, we conduct geophysical survey such as electromagnetic survey in A dam that has not been measured quantitative seepage. Therefore we will analyze the reasons and establish the improvement.

As facilities performing the production, processing, preservation, and shipment of agricultural products; agricultural facilities are categorized into planting facilities and livestock facilities based on the management target. Agricultural facilities are set in farmlands, and facility users mainly complain about the legal or institutional restrictions on farm rather than their own facilities itself. From 2009 to 2012, the Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) published the "Casebook of farmer Complaints on Farmlands" in order to help answer farmers' questions and support public workers' workloads. However, contents related to agricultural facility installed in farmland are currently not dealt with in particular. Among agricultural facilities, demands of property rights with livestock facilities have risen due to construction permissions, operational restrictions, and high initial investment costs; and relevant laws were revised and are now being executed. However, for planting facilities such as mushroom facilities, ginseng facilities, and greenhouses; farmer complaints related to property rights are constantly increasing because revisions to relevant laws are not being made despite the rising diversity of construction materials through technical developments as well as the rising scale of assets-i.e. mechanization, automation, and the application of New Regeneration Energies according to capital influx. In this study, the current state of relevant agricultural facility legislation were organized and their drawbacks deduced in order to propose improvements of Agricultural Facility Legislation. The result of interviewing with public workers and farmers show that agricultural facilities should be regarded as extensions of farmlands rather than as facilities built in land where development actions were being taken. Alternatives able to reflect these opinions were suggested through expert consultation.