지구 온난화 가속화에 따른 환경 규제 강화 속에서, 유럽연합(EU)은 2050년 기후 중립(Net-Zero) 달성을 목표로 ‘Fit for 55’ 패키지 를 발표하고 해운 부문을 탄소배출권 거래제(EU ETS)에 단계적으로 편입시키고 있다. 본 연구는 EU ETS의 해운 부문 적용이 우리나라 해 운선사에 미치는 경제적 영향을 정량적으로 분석하고, 온실가스 저감 수단으로서 바이오연료 사용의 경제성을 평가하여 효율적인 대응 방 안을 모색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 2024년 EU MRV에 보고된 THETIS-MRV 공개 데이터를 활용하여 국내 해운선사가 소유·관리 하는 선박의 연료소모량과 탄소배출량을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, EU ETS가 전면 적용되는 2026년 이후 국내 해운선사가 부담해야 할 연간 탄소배출권 비용은 약 1,262억 원(약 7,700만 유로) 이상으로 추정되며, 선종별로는 컨테이너선과 자동차운반선의 부담이 가장 큰 것으로 나 타났다. EU ETS 대응 방안으로 유럽 관련 항차에 바이오연료를 적용한 결과, EU/EEA 회원국 간 항차 및 EU 항만 내 구간에서 바이오연료 를 사용하는 경우가 가장 높은 비용효과성을 보였다. 그러나 현 시점에서는 바이오연료의 높은 가격으로 인해 EU ETS 비용 절감만을 목적 으로 한 사용은 경제적 타당성이 확보되지 않았다. 비용–편익 분석 결과, 2025년 말 EUA 가격(€82.22) 기준으로 바이오연료와 기존 화석 연료 간 가격 차이가 USD 75 이하로 축소될 경우 경제적 타당성이 확보되는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 바이오연료 확산을 위해 탄소가격 신호에만 의존하기보다는, 연료 가격 격차 완화를 위한 정책적 지원과 공급 인프라 구축이 병행될 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

This study investigates the applicability and feasibility of introducing lightweight safety helmets in industrial workplaces, with the aim of identifying subsequent research needs. Conventional industrial helmets often present limitations such as excessive weight, discomfort during prolonged use, and reduced compliance among workers—factors that may diminish protective performance and hinder the establishment of a strong safety culture. Recent advances in materials engineering and ergonomic design have renewed interest in lightweight safety helmets as a potential alternative capable of enhancing user comfort and improving wear-ability. To evaluate their practical adoption, this study examines the essential safety performance requirements of lightweight helmets, including impact absorption, durability, and structural stability, as well as their suitability across diverse work environments. Additionally, factors such as user acceptance, cost-effectiveness, and industry-specific operational demands are analyzed to determine the overall feasibility of implementation. Based on these multidimensional assessments, the study identifies key gaps and proposes future research directions necessary for the development, standardization, and field validation of lightweight helmets. The findings aim to provide foundational evidence to support the broader adoption of lightweight protective equipment and contribute to the advancement of worker safety in evolving industrial environments.

현재 해운업계는 환경 규제 강화와 인력 부족이라는 구조적 도전에 직면하고 있으며, 자율운항선박은 이에 대응할 수 있는 기 술적·친환경적 대안으로 주목받고 있다. 본 연구는 LNG 연료를 사용하는 자율운항 LNG운반선, 컨테이너선, 벌크선을 대상으로 초기투자 비용(CAPEX)과 유지관리비용(OPEX)을 분석하고, 시나리오 기반의 경제성 분석을 통해 자율운항 시스템 도입 효과를 정량적으로 검토하 였다. 분석 결과, 자율운항 기술과 LNG 연료의 결합은 경제성과 환경 지속 가능성을 동시에 확보할 수 있으며, 특히 컨테이너선이 가장 높은 경제성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 연구에서는 자율운항선박의 실증 데이터 축적과 차세대 친환경 연료를 적용한 경제성 분석 이 필요하다. 본 연구는 해운업계에서 장기 투자전략 수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 데 목적이 있다.

This study analyzes the feasibility of operating the E190-E2 aircraft at Ulleung Airport, which has a runway length of 1,200 meters. Using aircraft manufacturer data and PACE LAB under EASA standards, takeoff and landing performance were evaluated under various environmental conditions. Results indicate that with round-trip fuel tankering, the aircraft can carry up to 106 passengers at departure and 89 at arrival under wet runway conditions. If refueling is available at Ulleung Airport, the payload capacity can increase by approximately 10 passengers. A flight test conducted at Pohang Airport supported these findings. The study suggests that minor infrastructure improvements, such as refueling facilities and limited runway extension, would make E190-E2 operations at Ulleung Airport technically feasible.

This study aims to present a methodology and the corresponding results of an economic analysis, incorporating both costs and benefits, to assess the feasibility of introducing a smart on-board truck scale.The cost estimation was conducted based on direct expenditures associated with the installation and operation of smart on-board truck scales. The benefit analysis was performed by evaluating the reduction in social costs resulting from the mitigation of overloading, including transportation infrastructure maintenance costs, traffic accident costs, and environmental costs. The economic analysis outlines the variables required for each phase of the smart on-board truck scale implementation, along with their reasonable value ranges. In consideration of the uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of the smart on-board truck scales, a quantitative assessment of the impact of individual variables on the economic indicators was carried out through scenario analysis, focusing on key variables. The influence of the vehicle service life, the service life of the smart on-board truck scale, and personnel expenses—each related to installation and operation—on the benefit-cost ratio (B/C) and net present value (NPV) was determined to be limited. In contrast, the overload crackdown rate exhibited the most significant impact on the B/C and NPV, as it directly increased the number of vehicles contributing to measurable benefits. Notably, an increase in the discount rate led to a decrease in the values of both economic indicators. This outcome is expected, as the discount rate reduces the present value of future costs and benefits by increasing the denominator in the calculation. The introduction of smart on-board truck scales enables the achievement of economic feasibility in preemptive overload enforcement. Therefore, progressively expanding the number of vehicles equipped with smart on-board truck scales is essential to maximize their effectiveness in the near term.

본 논문에서는 진동대 실험 데이터를 활용하여 기존 지진취약도 곡선을 업데이트하기 위해 파티클 필터링(Particle Filtering, PF)의 적용 타당성을 분석하였다. PF는 비선형적이며, 비가우시안적인 문제를 다루는 데 적합하며, 기존 베이지안 업데이트 기법인 분산점 변환(Unscented Transformation, UT)과 마르코프 연쇄 몬테카를로(Markov Chain Monte Carlo, MCMC)에 비해 지진취약도 곡선 업데 이트 과정에서 더 높은 정확성과 안정성을 제공하였다. 연구 결과, PF는 HAZUS, HRC, 변형률 기반(Strain-based) 손상 상태에서 기존 기법보다 더 보수적인 지진취약도 곡선을 도출하였으며, 불확실성이 큰 상황에서도 안정적인 결과를 제공하였다. 특히, PF는 재추출 (Resampling) 과정을 통해 불확실성을 효과적으로 감소시켜 더 신뢰할 수 있는 지진취약도 평가 결과를 제공하였다. 본 연구는 PF가 지진공학 분야에서 지진취약도의 정확성과 안정성을 높이는 데 유용한 도구임을 시사한다.

The use of big data needs to be emphasized in policy formulation by public officials in order to improve the transparency of government policies and increase efficiency and reliability of government policies. ‘Hye-Ahn’, a government-wide big data platform was built with this goal, and the subscribers of ‘Hye-Ahn’ has grown significantly from 2,000 at the end of 2016 to 100,000 at August 2018. Additionally, the central and local governments are expanding their big data related budgets. In this study, we derived the costs and benefits of ‘Hye-Ahn’ and used them to conduct an economic feasibility analysis. As a result, even if only some quantitative benefits are considered without qualitative benefits, the net present value, the benefit/ cost, and internal rate of return turned out to be 22,662 million won, 2.3213, and 41.8%, respectively. Since this is larger than the respective comparison criteria of 0 won, 1.0, and 5.0%, it can be seen that ‘Hye-Ahn’ has had economic feasibility. As noticed earlier, the number of analysis using ‘Hye-Ahn’ is increasing, so it is expected that the benefits will increase as time passes. Finally, the socioeconomic value gained when the results of analysis using ‘Hye-Ahn’ are used in policy is expected to be significant.

PURPOSES : The evaluation of the low-temperature performance of an asphalt mixture is crucial for mitigating transverse thermal cracking and preventing traffic accidents on expressways. Engineers in pavement agencies must identify and verify the pavement sections that require urgent management. In early 2000, the research division of the Korea Expressway Corporation developed a three-dimensional (3D) pavement condition monitoring profiler vehicle (3DPM) and an advanced infographic (AIG) highway pavement management system computer program. Owing to these efforts, the management of the entire expressway network has become more precise, effective, and efficient. However, current 3DPM and AIG technologies focus only on the pavement surface and not on the entire pavement layer. Over the years, along with monitoring, further strengthening and verification of the feasibility of current 3DPM and AIG technologies by performing extensive mechanical tests and data analyses have been recommended. METHODS : First, the pavement section that required urgent care was selected using the 3DPM and AIG approaches. Second, asphalt mixture cores were acquired from the specified section, and a low-temperature fracture test, semi- circular bending (SCB) test, was performed. The mechanical parameters, energy-release rate, and fracture toughness were computed and compared. RESULTS : As expected, the asphalt mixture cores acquired from the specified pavement section ( poor condition – bad section) exhibited negative fracture performances compared to the control section (good section). CONCLUSIONS : The current 3DPM and AIG approaches in KEC can successfully evaluate and analyze selected pavement conditions. However, more extensive experimental studies and mathematical analyses are required to further strengthen and upgrade current pavement analysis approaches.

Heavy bitumen scattered in the underground sedimentary layer is a kind of unconventional energy source, and by extracting it, a production well is excavated in the sedimentary layer and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is injected to reduce the viscosity of bitumen and recover it to the ground steam assisted method is applied. As a recovery method that uses the steam effect of the dilution effect of solvent injection, it is a recovery method that can increase thermal efficiency. In this study, the process system of the central processing facility(CPF) of the hybrid steam-solvent recovery method that injects solvent into the existing steam assisted method was analyzed, and the core facilities for each process were identified, and hybrid steam-solvent recovery compared to the existing steam assisted method. In the case of the method, it was evaluated that the amount of steam supply and all utility costs decreased according to the solvent injection.

최근 도시 과밀화와 건축물 고층화로 인해 빌딩풍에 의한 시설 피해는 물론 보행자의 안전을 위협하는 풍환경에 대한 우려 가 커지고 있다. 빌딩풍 피해 저감을 위한 방안으로 건축물 주변 풍환경 평가를 통해 도시의 풍환경을 개선하는 것이 중요하다. 이를 위해 풍동실험을 대체하거나 보완하는 수단으로 최근 전산 유체역학 기법 (CFD)의 적용이 받아들여지고 있으며, 국토교통부가 보행 자 풍환경 평가를 위한 CFD 활용 가이드라인을 제시한 바 있다. 본 논문에서는 이 가이드라인의 적정성을 평가하기 위한 전산해석을 수행하였다. CFD 결과의 검증을 위해 일본 건축학회가 제시한 모형과 풍동실험 결과를 사용하였다. 평가결과 일부 위치에서 풍동 실 험값과 CFD 결과의 풍속 차이는 있으나 격자의 상세도가 정확도에 미치는 영향과 CFD를 이용한 보행자 풍환경 평가 가능성을 확인 하였다. 또한, 건물 주위의 상승풍, 하강풍 및 와류 등으로 인한 돌풍이 잘 모사되고 있음을 확인하였다.

This study deals with replacement analysis of deteriorated equipment for improving productivity of production system. Frequent breakdown of the deteriorated equipment causes a situation that reduces productivity such as low product quality, process delay, and repair cost. However, the replacement of new equipment will be required a high initial investment cost, so it is important to analysis the economic feasibility. Therefore, we analyze the effect of the production system due to the aging effect of the equipment and the feasibility of equipment replacement based on the economic analysis. The process flow, working time, logistics movement, etc. are analyzed in order to build the simulation modeling for a ship and land switchboard production system. Using numerical examples, the economic feasibility analysis of equipment replacement through replacement of existing deteriorated equipment and additional arrangement of new facilities is performed.

This study aimed to analyze the economic feasibility of the reduction of working safety accidents in stow net fishery through the prevention education to fishing crews. The benefit was evaluated by estimating insurance payment amount that was reduced through prevention education. The decreasing rate of working safety accidents was presumed to follow the experience in Japan. The cost was assumed as the cost of textbook development. Results indicated that IRR was estimated to be 79.9% in case of scenario assuming no additional operating costs while IRR was 56.3% in case of scenario assuming 10% additional operating costs. In addition, the economic feasibility would be secured when annual operating costs increased to 274 million won according to the result of sensitivity analysis.

Aimed at determining whether China’s active carbon emission reduction policy can respond to the threat of carbon tariff of the USA, this study proposed two kinds of carbon tax schemes for the USA and China, same carbon tax policy and a differential carbon tax policy. Four scenarios are set: the USA only charging carbon tax on domestic products; the USA charging carbon tax on domestic products and carbon tariff on imported products from China; the USA and China taking the same carbon tax policy on domestic products; the USA and China taking the differential carbon tax policy on their domestic products. Global Trade Analysis Project Energy model is applied to discuss whether China’s active measure to reduce carbon emissions can be an effective solution to the threat of carbon tariff of the USA. The research results show that China’s active measure of the same carbon tax policy as the USA is not effective to cope with carbon tariff of the USA. However, it is an effective measure to take a differential carbon tax policy. The specific policy implications of the study are discussed in conclusion.

PURPOSES: This study analyzes feasibility for application white pavement markings in the roadways with median barrier. METHODS : By reviewing numerous relevant laws, standards, and operational cases, the white pavement markings' excellence was demonstrated. Driver’s behavior was analyzed through a virtual driving experiment using driving simulator and field tests. RESULTS: First, white pavement markings are superior to yellow pavement markings in terms of visibility, economics, and safety. Second, as a result of virtual driving experiment, the color of line in the roadway with median barrier didn’t affect the driver’s behavior such as the average vehicle speed, the distance bias in the lane and the separation distance from the centerline. Third, field test demonstrated that the driver tended to recognize the median barrier as an obstacle. In addition, the central driving ratio in the lane was increased due to improving the visibility of line at night in case of the white pavement markings. CONCLUSIONS : The application of white pavement markings in the roadways with median barrier can enhance traffic safety by improving the visibility of line at night.

This study aimed to analyze the profitability and economic feasibility of hairtail trolling line gear that was developed for the last 3 years (2015-2017). The new fishing gear technology development was accomplished to solve the current problem of fishermen shortage in hairtail targeting fisheries in Jeju region. Results indicated that the profitability of developed hairtail trolling line fishery was estimated to be 36.1 % which would be higher than that of other hairtail targeting fisheries in Jeju region. In addition, as an economic feasibility, the net present value and the internal rate of return of a 20-year cash inflow and outflow were evaluated to be 400.2 million won and 66.9 %, respectively. However, sensitivity analyses of main variables showed that the profitability and economic feasibility would be vulnerable to catch amount and market condition changes.

Ohmic heating is one of advanced thermal processing techniques which utilize conversion of electrical energy into heat. In our study, a feasibility of ohmic heating was tested to cook instant rice cake to improve energy efficacy as an alternative heating methods of conventional electrical kettle. Ohmic heating was conducted using customized ohmic cell (7.5×4.5×9.5 cm) equipped with titanium electrodes. Instant rice cakes in soup were ohmically heated up to 100°C at different electric fields (9, 12, 15 & 18 V/cm) and temperature holding times (60, 80, 100 & 120 s). Thermocouple was placed into both soup and rice cake to evaluate the temperature profile and energy efficacy. Temperature, voltage and current across the sample were measured and recorded at every 3 s using data acquisition system (DAQ). Mathematical model was developed to calculate the internal energy generation rate (QR, W). Internal energy generation rate (QR, W) was integrated versus temperature come-up time (s) to compute the total internal energy dose (ET, J) using MATLBA software. For energy efficacy (Eff), it was calculated ratio of total internal energy dose (ET, J) to heat quantity (Qh, J). During ohmic heating, temperature come-up time was significantly reduced as a function of elevated electric field (P<0.05). For example, 9V/cm of electric field showed 6.2±0.4 min of temperature come-up time up to 100°C. Higher electric field at 18 V/cm reduced temperature come-up time to 1.9±0.1 min. The electric field of 15 V/cm showed the best energy efficacy as 0.78 which meant 78% of electrical energy was converted into thermal energy for heating. In the texture profile analysis, the most preferable harness was found as 6.191 N at 15 V/cm and 100 s holding time. Our study showed the potential of ohmic heating to cook instant rice cakes for home meal replacement (HMR) and outdoor foods.