Natural populations of numerous species have decreased sharply in recent years, and a number of mammalian species are also now at elevated risk of extinction globally. The long-tailed goral Naemorhedus caudatus, a vulnerable and protected species designated by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) and CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), is distributed in Northeast Asia including the Korean Peninsula. In South Korea, the Seoraksan National Park is known as the largest core habitat for the long-tailed goral population. In this study, phylogenetic relationships and population genetic features of the Seoraksan goral population were analyzed using fecal samples with both mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers. We found that Seoraksan gorals were the most closely related to Russian population, and also found that a unique Seoraksan lineage evolved there. In addition, the Seoraksan goral population showed higher genetic diversity than other South Korean populations, suggesting that this population might represent the most ecologically and evolutionarily important remnants of the long-tailed goral in South Korea. The Seoraksan goral population had a low level of genetic differentiation and a rather single genetic structure, suggesting that non-negligible levels of gene flow might have occurred across populations. Moreover, microsatellite genotype-based individual identification estimated that the population size was ≥81 in the Seoraksan National Park. Findings of our study suggest that effective conservation and restoration actions are needed for long-term conservation of N. caudatus in this protected area.

Vibrio vulnificus는 그람 음성 세균의 호염성 세균으로, 5월에서 10월 사이 해수 온도가 18oC 이상이고 염도가 15- 25 practical salinity units (psu)일 때 가장 활발하게 증식 한다. 전 세계적으로 해수, 강 하구, 갯벌 등 다양한 해양 환경에 서식하며, 굴, 전복 등 해산물에서 자주 검출되는 경향이 있다. 지속적인 지구온난화로 인한 해수 온도의 상 승으로 V. vulnificus의 분포 범위가 점차 확장되고 있으며, 그에 따라 비브리오 패혈증 감염에 대한 위험도가 증가하 고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수산물에서 V. vulnificus 분리, 항 생제 감수성 검사, MLST 분석, 전장 유전체 분석을 통한 병원성 유전자 확인, MIC를 통한 항생제 내성 유전자 분 석, 더 나아가 bv-brc에 등록된 아시아에서 분리된 V. vulnificus 균주들과 함께 cgMLST 분석을 진행하였다. 2023 년4월-7월까지 서울, 경기도 및 충청도 지역의 대형마트에 서 유통되는 수산물 시료 총 84건에서 V. vulnificus가 바 지락에서 총2주(2.4%) 분리되었으며, 2균주 모두 colistin 에 강한 저항성을 보였으나, V. vulnificus의 치료에 사용되 는 ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol 항생제에 내 성을 보이지 않았다. Whole genome sequencing 분석 결 과, 유전자 상 두 균주는 동일한 클론으로 확인되었으며, multi-locus sequencing typing 결과 기존에 보고되지 않은 새로운 sequence type으로 확인되었다. Virulence gene 분 석 결과, 총123개의 병원성 유전자가 확인되었으며, 그 중 중요한 병원성 유전자 rtxA, vvhA, viuB, ompU유전자가 확 인되었다. 항생제 내성 유전자 분석 결과 분리된 두 균주 에서 모두 tet(34), tet(35), varG, norM 내성 유전자가 확 인되었다. cgMLST 분석을 진행한 결과 본 연구에서 분리 된 두 균주는 동일 cluster로 확인되었고, 기타 국내 및 아 시아 지역에서 분리된 V. vulnificus를 포함한 분석에서 균 주 간 역학적 연관성은 관찰되지 않았다. 이는 V. vulnificus 가 해수의 흐름을 타고 이동하여 분포 범위가 넓고 특정 지역에 일정한 특징을 가진 균이 밀집되지 않기 때문으로 보인다. 따라서 V. vulnificus로 인해 매년 사망자와 환자가 발생하는 것은 V. vulnificus가 가지는 잠재적인 위험성을 보여주고 있고, 본 연구결과가 향후 질병 발생 시 V. vulnificus의 연구에 도움이 될 것으로 보이며, 지속적으로 V. vulnificus 검출 연구, 항생제 내성 모니터링이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 해산물을 통한 V. vulnificus 감염 위험성 이 증가하고 있는 상황에서 국내 수산물을 통한 V. vulnificus 전파 위험도에 대한 체계적 연구는 부족하다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 수산물 생산 및 유통 단계에서 V. vulnificus 의 모니터링 및 위험도 평가의 중요성을 제시한다.

본 연구는 강원 평창군에 위치한 발왕산 산림유전자원보호구역의 관속식물상 및 식생구조를 파악하기 위하여 2023 년 3월부터 9월까지 총 5차례에 걸쳐 현지조사를 수행한 후, 67개소의 식생 자료를 대상으로 이원지표종분석법 (TWINSPAN) 을 통하여 산림식생 유형을 구분하고 평균상대중요치, 종다양성, CCA를 통해 그 생태적 특성을 분석하 였다. 발왕산 산림유전자원보호구역의 관속식물상은 81과 186속 283종 7아종 28변종 2품종으로 총 320분류군이 확인 되었다. 특산식물은 숲개별꽃, 진범 등 총 13분류군, 희귀식물은 가시오갈피 (EN) , 바늘까치밥나무 (VU) 등 총 5분류군 이 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물종은 총 118분류군이 조사되었으며, 귀화식물은 하수오, 미국가막사리 등 총 11분류군으로 귀화율은 3.4%로 나타났다. 식생유형은 복장나무-난티나무군락, 분비나무-사스래나무군락, 전나무-단풍 취군락, 소나무군락, 신갈나무전형군락 등 총 5개의 유형으로 구분되었다. 종다양도는 2.222로 VT2가 다른 식생단위에 비하여 상대적으로 높게 나타났으며, 풍부도, 균재도에서도 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. CCA 분석 결과, 식생의 분포에 영향을 미치는 환경요인으로 해발고도, 종다양도, 암석노출도와 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 보호구역 내 공간분포 특성을 파악하기 위하여 현존상관식생도를 작성한 결과, 신갈나무군락, 복장나무-난티나무군락, 신갈나무-피나무군락, 물푸레나무-층층나무군락, 아고산침활혼효림, 소나무-신갈나무군락, 소나무군락, 전나무군락 등 총 8개의 군락으로 구분되었다.

Climate change and human activities have significantly threatened plant diversity in Nigeria, leading to the imminent extinction of plant genetic resources (PGR). The collected and conserved PGR are insufficient to slow the rate of diversity loss. To address this challenge, plant breeders have initiated various improvement programs aimed at utilizing available PGR to enhance plant resilience against the severity of climate change. Despite these efforts, several limiting factors hinder the sustainable conservation of PGR in Nigeria. The lack of up-to-date information on PGR in Nigeria restricts our understanding of crop diversity. This review explores these constraints and outlines the diverse strategies employed by relevant research institutes over the years to conserve PGR. It also evaluates both in-situ and ex-situ conservation efforts in the country. Collaborations and interactions between research institutes in Nigeria focused on managing PGR are highlighted. Establishing more ex-situ fields across all ecological zones of Nigeria is emphasized as a crucial step to enhance effective conservation measures. Additional recommendations are provided to encourage the conservation and sustainable production of PGR in Nigeria.

Tricholoma matsutake is a commercially valuable fungus that produces gourmet mushrooms. The artificial cultivation method that is currently used to produce fruiting bodies involves the transplantation of pine trees infected with T. matsutake from their natural habitats and the successful infection of young pine trees and mushroom production have been reported in Hongcheon. In this study, T. matsutake genetic diversity and relationships in this region were investigated. A genotype analysis was conducted on 25 fruiting bodies collected from an area approximately 2.56 km2 in size using 10 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The analysis revealed 25 genotypes and 23 alleles with mean observed (HO) and expected (HE) heterozygosities of 0.312 and 0.293, respectively. The average polymorphism information content (PIC), which indicates marker polymorphism, was 0.257. A phylogenetic analysis showed no clear correlation between collection location and genetic distance; a spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated no significant genetic structure within 1600 m; and the Mantel test showed no significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances. These results were consistent with previous reports on Japanese populations. This study provides insights into the genetic diversity and structure of T. matsutake at a local scale and highlights the need for further studies across broader geographical ranges.

본 연구는 백두대간 줄기에 위치하며 산림청 지정 산림유전자원보호구역으로 지정된 희양산의 관속식물상에 대해 조사하였다. 현지 조사는 2021년 4월부터 2024년 5월까지 총 10회에 걸쳐 이루어졌으며, 조사 결과 총 447분류군 94과 268속 395종 9아종 37변종 6품종의 생육이 확인되었 다. 산림청 지정 희귀식물은 총 10종이 확인되었으며, 멸종위기종(CR)에 왕벚나무 1종(식재), 위기종(EN)에 두메닥나무 1종, 취약종(VU)에 꼬리진 달래 등 3종, 약관심종(LC)에 금강제비꽃등 5종이 포함되었다. 특히 두메닥나무는 국내 신분포지로 판단된다. 특산식물은 은꿩의다리, 청괴불나무 등 14분류군이 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물은 총 73분류군으로 IV등급에 6분류군, III등급에 21분류군, II등급에 21분류군, I등급에 25분류군 이 포함되었다. 이 결과는 향후 산림유전자원보호구역인 본 조사지역의 지속적인 보전을 위한 보호대책 마련 등의 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

The purpose of this study is to identify factors that influence consumers’ acceptance intentions towards Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) Genetic Testing service. DTC genetic testing service can be considered in two aspects: the application of new technology in genetic testing customers can directly purchase and the services for receiving the test results customer can’t directly analyze. Existing technology-based acceptance models have difficulty fully explaining consumers’ acceptance intentions towards DTC genetic testing services. Therefore, this study aims to propose a new acceptance model considering these two characteristics. A survey was conducted with 377 potential consumers for this research. The analysis revealed that health interest, prior knowledge, subjective norms, innovativeness, perceived usefulness, and perceived value affect consumers’ acceptance intentions. The results obtained through this study can help establish strategies and marketing plans necessary for the diffusion of services, such as DTC genetic testing services, that combine a new technology and a service. In the long term, the accumulated DTC genetic testing results data can contribute to the development of national genetic information infrastructure and preventive medical applications, as well as improve individuals’ quality of life.

Phosphine (PH3) fumigation has been widely used for controlling storedgrain insect pests, causing the development of resistance of stored-grain insect pests to phosphine. PH3 resistance in Sitophilus oryzae has been reported in Korea. However, PH3 resistance in Tribolium castaneum has not been reported yet. This study was conducted to determine susceptibilities of T. castaneum collected from five different domestic locations to PH3. The susceptibility to PH3 was investigated using the FAO fumigation method. All domestic T. castaneum individuals were controlled by PH3 at 0.04 g m-3. At 0.01 g m-3, T. castaneum collected from two domestic locations did not exhibit 100% mortality. A P45S point mutation in dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (dld) gene was found in a PH3-resistant strain of T. castaneum (Aus07), but not in five domestic stains or a PH3-susceptible strain (Aus10). No significant difference was found in dld or cyt-b5-r gene expression across all tested strains. However, the Gyeongju-collected strain of T. castaneum showed more than a 1.7-fold increase in cyt-b5-r expression compared to the Aus07 strain. cDNA sequence analysis revealed that P45S (C133T) in the dld gene was only present in Aus07. A characteristic single nucleotide polymorphism in the cyt-b5-r gene sequence was identified in the five domestic strains. This study suggests that it is necessary to continuously monitor PH3-susceptibility of T. castaneum in Korea to quickly identify resistant individuals and prevent the spread of PH3 resistance through rapid control.

PURPOSES : This study aimed to develop a quantitative structure property relationships (QSPR) model to predict the density from the molecular structure information of the asphalt binder AAA1, a non-full connected structure mixed with a total of 12 molecules. METHODS : The partial least squares regression (PLSR) model, which models the relationship between predictions and responses and the structure of these variables, was applied to predict the density of a binder with molecule descriptors. The PLSR model could also analyze data with collinear, noisy, and multiple dimensional independent variables. The density and additive-free AAA1 binder’s molecule systems generated by an asphalt binder’s molecules-related study were used to fit the PLSR model with the molecular descriptors produced using alvaDesc software. In addition to developing the relationship, a systematic feature selection framework (i.e., the V-WSP- and PLSR-modelbased genetic algorithm (GA)) was applied to explore sets of predictors which contributed to predicting the physical property. RESULTS : The PLSR model accurately predicted the density for the AAA1 binder’s molecules using the condition of the temperature and aging level (R2 was 0.9537, RMSE was 0.00424, and MAP was 0.00323 for the test data) and provided a set of features which correlated well to the property. CONCLUSIONS : Through the establishment of the physical property prediction model, it was possible to evaluate the physical properties of construction materials without limited experiments or simulations, and it could be used to comprehensively design the modified material composition.

Background: As the number of households raising companion dogs increases, the pet genetic analysis market also continues to grow. However, most studies have focused on specific purposes or native breeds. This study aimed to collect genomic data through single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip analysis of companion dogs in South Korea and perform genetic diversity analysis and SNP annotation. Methods: We collected samples from 95 dogs belonging to 26 breeds, including mixed breeds, in South Korea. The SNP genotypes were obtained for each sample using an Axiom™ Canine HD Array. Quality control (QC) was performed to enhance the accuracy of the analysis. A genetic diversity analysis was performed for each SNP. Results: QC initially selected SNPs, and after excluding non-diverse ones, 621,672 SNPs were identified. Genetic diversity analysis revealed minor allele frequencies, polymorphism information content, expected heterozygosity, and observed heterozygosity values of 0.220, 0.244, 0.301, and 0.261, respectively. The SNP annotation indicated that most variations had an uncertain or minimal impact on gene function. However, approximately 16,000 non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) have been found to significantly alter gene function or affect exons by changing translated amino acids. Conclusions: This study obtained data on SNP genetic diversity and functional SNPs in companion dogs raised in South Korea. The results suggest that establishing an SNP set for individual identification could enable a gene-based registration system. Furthermore, identifying and researching nsSNPs related to behavior and diseases could improve dog care and prevent abandonment.

Background: The Hanwoo industry must develop technologies that can increase the production of preferred cuts to match changing consumer trends. In this study, we aimed to estimate the genetic parameters for carcass traits (carcass weight, eye muscle area, back fat thickness, and intramuscular fat) and primal cut traits (tenderloin, loin, strip loin, neck, clod, top round, bottom round, brisket, shank, and rib) in a Hanwoo population to obtain basic data for improving primal cut productivity. Methods: Data from 1,905 Hanwoo steers, including carcass traits and primal cut weights, were collected. Genetic parameters were estimated using REMLF90 in a multi-trait analysis. Results: High heritability was found for carcass weight (0.52) and strip loin yield (0.63). Genetic correlations between carcass weight and primal cut weights ranged from 0.52 to 0.93. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the significant potential for genetic improvement in Hanwoo cattle through selective breeding, particularly for traits with high heritability and genetic correlations. These findings provide crucial insights into optimizing breeding programs to improve Hanwoo cattle production efficiency.

Fluorescent bacteria were isolated from sporocarps that browned into various mushrooms during survey at places of the production in Korea. We examined the pathogenicity, biodiversity, and genetic characteristics of the 19 strains identified as Pseudomonas tolaasii by sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and White Line Assay. The results emphasize the importance of rpoB gene system, fatty acid profiles, specific and sensitive PCR assays, and lipopeptide detection for the identification of P. tolaasii. As a result of these various analyses, 17 strains (CHM03~CHM19) were identified as P. tolaasii. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that all strains were clustered closest to P. tolaasii lineage, two strains (CHM01, CHM02) were not identified as P. tolaasii and have completely different genetic characteristics as a result of fatty acids profile, specific and sensitive PCR, lipopetide detection, rpoB sequence and REP-PCR analysis. Pathogenicity tests showed 17 strains produce severe brown discolouration symptoms to button mushrooms and watersoaking of sporophore tissue within three days after inoculation. But two strains did not produce discolouration symptoms. Therefore, these two strains will be further investigated for correct species identification by different biological and molecular characteristics.

국내에서 V. parahaemolyticus로 인한 식중독 사고가 지 속적으로 보고되고 있으며, 최근 국내 수산물 판매량 및 수산물 양식에 사용되는 항생제 판매량은 증가하는 추세 이다. 따라서 본 연구는 국내에 유통되는 수산물에서 분 리한 V. parahaemolyticus의 분포, 항생제 감수성, 유전적 특성 및 유전학적 통계를 조사하였다. 79건의 유통 수산 물로부터 47건(59.5%)에서 V. parahaemolyticus가 분리되 었다. 항생제 내성 양상의 경우, 총 47균주의 분리 균주에 서는 ampicillin에 2균주(4.3%)가 내성을 보였으며, 이외 균주는 모든 항생제에 대해 감수성을 보였다. 항생제 내 성 유전자의 경우, 모든 균주(100%)로부터 blaCARB family gene, tet(35), catC가 확인되었으며, 1균주(2.1%)에서는 fos 가 확인되었다. 병원성 유전자 여부의 경우, 모든 분리 균 주에서 tdh, trh 유전자는 확인되지 않았으나, T3SS1은 모든 균주(100%), T3SS2는 1균주(2.1%)에서 확인되었다. MLST의 경우, 17균주로부터 15가지의 ST가 확인되었으 며, ST 658가 3균주, 이외 14가지 ST는 1균주씩 확인되 었다. 확인된 ST는 대부분 중국, 태국 등의 환경 분리주로 확인되었으며, ST 396, ST 3042는 중국 임상 분리주로부터 확인되었다. 이로써, 최근 국내에 수산물과 관련한 식중독, 유통량, 항생제 판매량 등의 추세에 따른 위험성에 V. parahaemolyticus에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사 료되며, 본 연구는 그에 대한 도움이 될 것이라 사료된다.

본 논문에서는 다목적 구조물인 다중연결 해양부유체를 대상으로 변형 기반 모드 차수축소법을 적용하고 차수축소모델의 구조응 답 예측 성능을 향상시키기 위해 유전 알고리즘 기반의 센서 배치 최적화를 수행하였다. 다중연결 해양부유체의 차수축소모델 생성 에 필요한 변형 기반 모드 데이터를 얻기 위해 다양한 규칙파랑하중조건에 대한 유체-구조 연성 수치해석을 수행하고 변형 기반 모드 의 직교성, 자기상관계수를 이용하여 주요 변형 기반 모드를 선정하였다. 다중연결 해양부유체의 경우 차수축소모델의 구조응답 예 측 성능이 계측 및 예측 구조응답 위치에 따라 민감하기 때문에 유전 알고리즘 기반의 최적화를 수행하여 최적의 센서 배치를 도출하 였다. 최적화 결과, 모든 센서 배치 조합에 대한 차수축소모델 생성 및 예측 성능 평가 대비 약 8배의 계산 비용을 절감하였으며, 예측 성능 평가 지표인 평균 제곱근 오차가 초기 센서 배치보다 84% 감소하였다. 또한, 다중연결 해양부유체 모형시험 결과를 이용하여 불 규칙파랑하중에 대한 최적화된 센서 배치의 차수축소모델의 구조응답 예측 성능을 평가 및 검증하였다.

In this study, we propose an optimal design method by applying the Prefabricated Buckling Restrained Brace (PF-BRB) to structures with asymmetrically rigidity plan. As a result of the PF-BRB optimal design of a structure with an asymmetrically rigidity plan, it can be seen that the reduction effect of dynamic response is greater in the case of arrangement considering the asymmetric distribution of stiffness (Asym) than in the case of arrangement in the form of a symmetric distribution (Sym), especially It was confirmed that at an eccentricity rate of 20%, the total amount of reinforced PF-BRBs was also small. As a result of analyzing the dynamic response characteristics according to the change in eccentricity of the asymmetrically rigidity plan, the distribution of the reinforced PF-BRB showed that the larger the eccentricity, the greater the amount of damper distribution around the eccentric position. Additionally, when comparing the analysis models with an eccentricity rate of 20% and an eccentricity rate of 12%, the response reduction ratio of the 20% eccentricity rate was found to be large.

살모넬라균은 가장 대표적인 수인성·식품매개질환 중 하 나이며 전 세계적으로 인간 위장염, 설사 질환의 가장 흔 한 원인이 되는 병원체이다. 식품 및 환경 검체, 식중독 또는 설사 환자로부터 분리한 살모넬라균의 혈청형, vitek2 를 이용한 항생제 내성검사, PFGE를 이용한 유전적 상관 관계를 조사하였다. 2020년부터 2023년까지 제주도의 식 품 또는 환경 검체에서 26주와 인체검체에서 313주로 총 339주가 분리되었다. 월별로 분리된 살모넬라균은 3월부 터 서서히 증가하여 8월에 가장 많이 살모넬라균을 분리 되었다. 환자로부터 분리된 살모넬라균은 성별에 따른 유 의미한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 살모넬라균은 70세 이상의 사람들에게서 가장 많이 분리되었고, 10-19세 사이의 사 람들에게서 가장 적게 분리되었다. 식품 및 환경 검체에 서 분리된 살모넬라균은 8개 혈청형이 있었으며, 주요 혈 청형은 S. Bareilly (26.9%), S. Rissen (23.1%), S. Thompson (19.3%) 순으로 확인되었다. 또한, 인체검체로 부터 분리된 살모넬라균은 27개 혈청형이 있었으며, 주요 혈청형은 S. Bareilly (31.0%), S. Typhimurium (24.6%), S. Enteritidis (11.5%) 순으로 확인되었다. 집단식중독의 원인이 되었던 살모넬라균 혈청형은 S. Bareilly, S. Enteritidis, S. Thompson이 있었다. 항생제 내성 검사 결과에서는 다양 한 항생제에 대한 내성이 나타났으며, 일부 살모넬라균에 서는 다제내성이 나타났다. 살모넬라균은 17개의 혈청형 에 따라 다양한 유전적 상관관계를 보여주었다. 이러한 결 과는 살모넬라균의 유행을 예측하고, 과학적 근거를 제공 함으로써 역학조사의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

This study focuses on developing diagnostic compositions, kits, and information provision methods for identifying species-specific genes in domestically residing Reticulitermes speratus and Reticulitermes kanmonensis, as well as the recently introduced Cryptotermes domesticus. The core innovation of this invention lies in the utilization of species-specific genetic markers to facilitate rapid and accurate species identification using a PCR (polymerase chain reaction)-based diagnostic technique. This approach enables swift identification of termites at quarantine stages, contributing to efficient management of imported goods and minimizing ecological and economic damages caused by termites. Through genome analysis of termites, this research has identified candidate species-specific genetic markers, developed diagnostic compositions and kits based on these markers, and proposed a rapid diagnostic method capable of determining termite species within a day, optimally within three hours. This invention provides a groundbreaking tool for termite management and research, significantly contributing to pest control and biodiversity conservation efforts.

The blackish cicada, Cryptotympana atrata Fabricius, 1775 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) was originally distributed mainly in the southernmost remote island, Jeju and rarely throughout low lands in South Korea, but has been explosively increased at the urban areas, where annual temperature is higher. In this study, we sequenced a partial mitochondrial COI from a total of 171 individuals collected throughout 12 localities in South Korea. The haplotype found with the highest frequency in Jeju island shares only with two inland localities in southern region with a low frequency, whereas the haplotype found with the highest frequency throughout inland localities was not found in Jeju island. These results showed that Jeju population, southern region, and other inland populations form somewhat different genetic groups.

With the increasing indroduction and spread of invasive quarantine pests, accurate diagnosis of pests detected in quarantine sites has become crucial. DNA barcoding, a standardized method that complements morphological analysis for rapid and precise species identification, is actively researched worldwide. In this study, we established a molecular biological identification system for major pests encountered during the import and export of agricultural and forestry products. By analyzing the DNA barcode sequences of pests collected domestically and those detected in quarantine inspections, we compiled genetic information for 1,292 individuals representing 472 species, 108 families across 11 insect orders. Among these, order Lepidoptera had the highest diversity, with 251 species across 27 families. We also secured barcodes for 52 species, 24 families in order Hemiptera, and 70 species, 20 families in order Coleoptera. By constructing a comprehensive biological foundation and database for various pests detected in quarantine sites, we aim to enhance the quarantine system by enabling rapid and accurate identification of invasive pests, thereby blocking early.

Numerous Dermestidae insects are considered significant pests because of their capacity to inflict substantial economic harm on stored food items. Trogoderma and Attagenus genera members are commonly discovered in imported grain and other food products. Usually, infestations of these species consist of various species that reproduce quickly and spread effortlessly. The small size of Attagenus and Trogoderma stored-product stages makes it extremely challenging to identify them based on their morphological characteristics. Hence, it is imperative to have precise identification techniques in place to ensure the safety and dependability of the grain industry, as well as to streamline efficient plant quarantine measures. Various molecular methods have been employed for insect species identification, such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), DNA sequence analysis, and species-specific primer PCR (SS-PCR) techniques. Despite the considerable focus on quickly identifying these species in stored products in recent years, there is a notable absence of systematic molecular identification. This research highlights the use of genetic techniques to differentiate between Trogoderma and Attagenus species.