목적 : 본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자의 자기효능감과 인권감수성이 건강 상태에 미치는 영향이 무엇인지 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 대전 지역의 재활병원에 입원 또는 통원치료 중인 성인 뇌졸중 환자 150명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 자기효능감은 일반적 자기효능감 척도, 인권감수성은 인권감수성 지표, 건강 상태는 WHO Disability Assessment Schedule(WHODAS 2.0)을 활용하여 측정하였다. 뇌졸중 환자의 자기 효능감, 인권감수성과 건강 상태 사이의 상관관계를 분석한 후, 변수들 사이의 인과관계를 밝히기 위하 여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과 : 위계적 회귀모형의 전체 모델에 대한 설명력은 18%로 나타났고, 건강 상태에 영향을 미치는 유의 한 변수로는 자기효능감의 하위요인 중 하나인 자신감이 있었다. 인권감수성의 하위요인은 건강 상태에 유의한 설명력을 보이지 않았지만, 각 하위항목들은 건강 상태의 하위요인인 인지, 사람들과 어울리기, 사회참여 항목에서 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : 뇌졸중 환자의 자기효능감은 건강 상태에 영향을 미치는 요인이며, 그 중에서도 자신감이 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 인권감수성은 건강 상태에 영향력은 없었으나, 일부 항목에서 상관성이 있었다. 따라서 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 효과적인 심리, 사회적 중재 전략을 수립하기 위하여 두 요소를 고려할 필요가 있을 것이다.

생명에너지 통로/나디의[ 정화]와 생명에너지[ 조절을 승리법]의 기능과 역할이 인체 건강에 미치는 영향에 대한 논의를 하였다. 생명에너지 통로의 14개 가운데 이다 나디, 삥갈라 나디, 수슘나 나디가 더 중요하고 이들 셋 가운데 수슘나 나디는 가장 중요하다. 생명에너지의 10개 가운데 쁘라나 생명에너지와 아빠나 생명에너지가 더 중요하고, 이 둘 가운데 쁘라나 생명에너지가 가장 중요하다. 이들 14개 나디와 10개 생명에너지에는 각각 위치, 기능 및 역할이 있다. 이들 생명에너지 통로에 불순물이 껴서 막혀서 생명에너지가 원활하게 흐르지 못할 때 요가수행자는 생명에너지 통로를 정화하고, 원활하게 흐르도록 생명에너지를 잘 조절을 해야 한다. 여기에는 두 가지 방법, 곧 사히따 꿈바까와 께발라 꿈바까가 있다. ‘사히따 꿈바까’는 ‘날숨을 동반한 지식(止息)’이라면, ‘께발라 꿈바까’는 ‘들숨과 날숨이 완전히 소멸된 멈춤[止息]’이다. ‘께발라 꿈바까’는 ‘생명에너지 조절의 승리하는 방법’과 동의어이다. 이 방법이 완성될 때 피로, 갈증, 비장의 종양, 다른 질병, 세 도샤에서 발생한 병, 복부에 있는 질병이 모두 소멸되고, 열병과 음식물로 발생한 독소들이 모두 제거되고, 백발 등도 없어지고, 쁘라나 생명에너지가 브라흐마란드라로 향하게 된다. 이처럼 생명에너지 통로/나디의 정화와 생명에너지 조절의 기능과 역할이 인체 건강에 긍정적인 영향을 끼침을 확인할 수 있다.

This study was conducted to evaluate the health risk of workers exposed to phenyl glycidyl ether to prevent themfrom developing occupational diseases. The workplaces that coat floor with epoxy were selected and the sampleswere collected and analyzed with NIOSH 1619 Method. Unit risk was calculated according to the animalcarcinogenicity study. Excess cancer risk was also calculated by multiplying unit risk by exposure concentration.Monte Carlo simulation was performed to calculate the median, cumulative 90%, and cumulative 95% value.Phenyl glycidyl ether is a skin, eye irritator and can result in allergic reaction, nausea, intoxication. Unit risk wascalculated as 0.04 (mg/m³)-¹ based on the tumor incidence in rats. Geometric mean and geometric standarddeviation was also calculated as 0.112 ppm and 0.223, respectively by the workplace environment measurements.The median, cumulative 90%, and cumulative 95% value of excess cancer risk were calculated as 0.0244, 0.1328,0.1596, respectively. Not only cumulative 90% and cumulative 95% value but also the median of excess cancerrisk is much higher than 1×10-⁴ by the risk characterization, so there is a possibility of carcinogenesis to workers.Therefore, supervisors or managers of each workplace have to keep doing the risk management of their workplacesfor workers to reduce exposure to phenyl glycidyl ether.

Korean veterinary medicine is a member of a major health profession with its own system of education, licensing, organization, and ethics, and a pioneering profession in his or her scientific knowledge and skills for the benefit society through the promotion of animal health, the relief of suffering, the conservation of livestock resources, the promotion of public health, biomedical work for medicine including comparative medicine, and the advancement of medical knowledge. This manuscript is to emphasize the role of the Korean public health veterinarians preparing the twenty-first century in public health service for humans.

Few would dispute that good health is fundamental to a full and active life. It is the key to wealth and prosperity. Good health contributes directly to economic growth while poor health drives poverty. The right to health is considered directly in many international instruments including the World Health Organization. Every single country in the world is now a member of at least one of the many international instruments where health is treated as a human right. Sound health is a precondition to enjoy right to live peaceful. This right to health is guaranteed by the Constitution of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh. If anybody in Bangladesh is deprived of enjoying his life then he can go to the court in order enforce his right. This paper aims at giving an overview of legal and regulatory framework of different international legal instruments and national laws of Bangladesh relating to healthcare and shares the response of Bangladesh Government in relation to the framework.

Chronic exposure to Arsenic (As) causes significant human health effects including various cancers. Total As concentrations from 300 polished rice samples cultivated near the mining areas in Korea were analyzed to estimate a probabilistic assessment of human health risk from As-contaminated rice. The mean of total As concentrations in rice was 0.09 mg/kg and lognormal distribution model was set for total As concentrations. Human health risk for As in rice was estimated using gender-specific rice consumption data and average daily dose (ADD). While cancer risk (CR) and hazard quotient (HQ) were calculated using oral cancer slope factor (OCSF) and Reference dose (RfD) suggested by the U.S. EPA. Mean of CR posed by total As was 2.16 (for male) and 1.83 (for female) per 10,000. The HQ for general population from rice cultivated near the mining areas in Korea was below 1 as the 50th percentile of general population. However, less than 10% of general population consuming rice cultivated near the mining areas would exceed 1.0. This result is similar with those from each gender-specific group.

It is concluded from this study that human consumption of very low TDS water does not leach minerals from the body that cause ill health effects because; -The human body's own control mechanism of homeostasis and internal body secretions keep tight controls on body fluid composition regardless of drinking water TDS for a normal person under normal csonditions. -The unofficial WHO document's proposed guideline of a 100m/l lower limit for drinking water due to mineral leaching and subsequent ill health was not found to be scientifically or physiologically credible. Leaching of minerals from the body is not officially recognized by WHO. -The experience of the U.S. Navy, Army, NASA and dommunity demonstrations do not support ill health symptoms caused by consumption of low TDS drinking water. -Millions of people regularly consume maturally occurring low TDS water without symptoms of ill health.

The natural environment plays an important role not only in ecological sustainability, but also in human health. Growing attention has been focused on the health benefits of natural environments with increasing scientific evidence in this field. Urban green space has positive effects on individual and community health; thus, it is considered as social infrastructure. The natural environment promotes mental health by relieving psychological stress and depression. Physical health can be improved by experiencing nature, which reduces physiological stress and boosts the immune system. Several international initiatives have been undertaken to improve our understanding in this field and to utilize these benefits for health promotion. Interdisciplinary approaches are needed to promote human health through the natural environment in the fields of science, education, planning and policy.

The organic foods is the terminology calling the organic products, the organic livestock and the organic processing food. The value of organic food may be evaluated as the index of the nutrient content, the safety and the health promotion. The reason why consumers prefer the organic food in the market is because the value of health promotion to be obtained through its consumption is expected to be bigger than the expense according to the purchase of organic food. This study has the significance in developing the direct evaluation model like the human biomonitoring method. The hypothesis for this study is summarized, “If the metabolome of metabolic syndrome of decreases, the exposure of substance of health harm decreases, the number of hospital care decreases and the quality of life shall be improved if the organic food is incepted in the long term and the health care is managed well”. The consumer’s cooperative and the health consumer's cooperative select the experimental group of 100 persons and the comparative group of 100 persons in 5 areas in the whole country at the same time to verify this hypothesis. Its rate of change is compared and analyzed by measuring the blood and urine of each biomarkers such as the exposed agriculture pesticides, the nitrate in the body at intervals of 2 months for 1 year. Also, by letting participants in the experiment record the major activity such as the dietary intake and the exercise, etc., in the questionnaire and the performance evaluation form, the statistical analysis for the correlation of this with the metabolome, etc., is conducted. The time that is called minimum 1 year and a lot of expense are required to implement this model. Accordingly, the cooperative study by composing the consortium of the interdisciplinary and the interagency is desirable.

The effects of volcanic ashes on human health differ in distance and time. It was found that indirect and long-term damages are significant in remote areas from the volcanoes, while the direct and physical damages in adjacent areas are observed. In general, the minute polluted particles of volcano ashes are diffused to remote area from the volcanoes after staying over atmosphere. As a result, those particles have indirect and significant effects on human health such as eye disease, atopic dermatitis and PTSD, as similar as previous research results on Asian dust. This presentation presents the effects of volcano ashes and similar situation such as Asian dusts on human health based on indirect and long-term damage factors in remote areas from volcanoes. Further, this study provides a fundamental reference for medical hazard mitigation through examining the factors that affect health hazards in similar situation such as Asian dust.

The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine the literatures about human health effects due to the climate change and ozone depletion since 1990s. Over the past decade climate becomes an increasingly significant factor in world affairs because of its effect on food supplies, energy consumption, environmental quality and natural hazards etc. Simultaneously the scientific associations have had to reappraise the nature and scope of climatology, increasing political relevance, leading to a growth in interdisciplinary research involving natural and socioeconomic scientists. The 2000s promise to continue this broadening of scope as the three-way interaction of human society, medical system and atmospheric system are further explored and evaluated. This paper reviews this trends, paying particular reference to climate-based environmental concerns and human health effects being debated.

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) was analyzed in various marine organisms of Korea. HCB was detected in all organism samples with residual concentrations from 0.51 to 222 pg/g wet weight. HCB residue was the highest content in crustacean, and followed by bivalves, fish, cephalopods and gastropods. The residues were comparable to or lower than those in marine organisms of other countries. Daily dietary intake of HCB from seafood was estimated to be 13.4 pg/kg body weight/day. The relative contribution of taxonomic group to the total dietary intake of HCB were in the order of crustaceans (40.1%), bivalves (34.2%), fish (23.1%), cephalopods (2.22%), and gastropods (0.38%). Daily dietary intake of HCB expressed as toxic equivalent (TEQ) value was estimated to be 1.34×10-3 pg TEQ/kg body weight/day. This value did not exceed tolerable daily intake (TDI) proposed by the WHO, the UK toxicity committee and the KFDA. Cancer risk and target hazard quotient (THQ) due to the consumption of the marine organism in Korean adult population were evaluated using the exposure equation of food ingestion. This result suggests that dietary intake of HCB by the consumption of Korean seafood seems to be safe for human health with negligible cancer and non-cancer risks so far.