This study examines the spatial structure of Jeju-eupseong (Town-castle) in the Joseon Dynasty. The spatial structure of Jeju-eupseong has distinctive features and regional characteristics that are substantially different from typical eupseong in inland regions. This is mainly attributed to the geographical characteristics of the island and the administrative system with strengthened military functions. Jeju-eupseong displays a distinctive layout of major buildings and road system with a plaza located in its center in comparison with the ones found in inland regions. Gwandeokjeong Plaza in Jeju-eupseong served as the center of Jeju’s politics, administration, and culture during the Joseon Dynasty, and it, in the modernization period, has become an open public space in the heart of Old Downtown used for community gatherings. Therefore, this study aims to explore the historical background and distinctive spatial structure of Jeju-eupseong in comparison with eupseong in other parts of Korea. Moreover, the study examines the characteristics of Gwandeokjeong as a plaza that has not been dealt with in other studies of eupseong.

In this study, using the concept of perezhivanie as an analytical tool, we were trying out new ways to investigate L2 identity taking the peripheral educational context into account. We examined how two graduates from non-academic high schools perceived their peripheral school situation through their perezhivanie, and described how this situation affected the individual trajectories of L2 identity development as well. When two students immersed themselves in marginalized classroom contexts, they have experienced academic stigma in the context of classroom community. Moreover, they all experienced emotional conflicts related to English learning. Besides, they struggled over deficit remedial L2 identity, entailing identity tensions. As they attempted to reconcile the contradictions between themselves and their circumstances, their perezhivanie made their social situation of development differently. Depending on how the contradiction was being emotionally experienced through the prism of each student’s perezhivanie, the same contradiction had different meanings, led to different reactions, and had differing impacts on their L2 identity.

The purpose of this study was to analyze laws and policies related to personal mobility (PM) in foreign countries, review Korean laws, hear opinions from experts on the orientation of personal mobility devices to propose a framework for the safe use and activation of personal mobility devices. At the local government level, the following were suggested as matters that Jeju Island should pursue with interest and should be stipulated in the ordinance. First, designate the availability of personalized mobile devices. Second, promote the availability of personal mobile devices. Third, establishing a basic plan for activating the use of personal mobile devices to ensure safety. Fourth, support for personal mobile driving roads. Fifth, the restriction and prohibition of traffic of personalized mobile devices and the content regulations for time designation and management. Sixth, regulations on the contents of regulations such as prohibition of parking and illegal parking, prohibition and processing of long-term neglect, etc. Seventh, designation and operation of a special zone for individual vehicles. Eighth, various rules for driving.

This paper is based on the presentation I made for the online conference as part of Peace Talks series in Paris, June 10, 2021 and as a follow up to the 2021 World Peace Island Forum: 6+1 Culture Forum in Jeju. A blending conference on Education, Peace, Sustainable Development and process of designation of Jeju 4.3 Victim Records as UNESCO World Program of Memory MoW. This is constructed from my perspective as Doctor in anglophone studies and gender and development studies, main IFBPW representative to UNESCO, member of the NGO-UNESCO Liaison Committee and the CCNGO-Education2030 coordination group, UNESCO key mechanism for reflection, dialogue and partnerships for the implementation of SDG4.

깔따구 (Diptera: Chironomidae)는 저서성 대형무척추동 물로 환경 및 수질 변화에 민감한 영향을 받는 중요한 환경 지표생물이다. 이러한 깔따구 유충이 정수장에서 본 연구에서는 제주 정수처리장에서 발견된 깔따구 유충의 종을 분류하기 위해 형태 사진 및 COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) Primer로 증폭시킨 DNA의 염기서열을 계통수 분석을 통해 분석을 실시하였다. 정수장 내 수도꼭지와 소화관 등에서 채집된 17개체는 둥근깃깔따구 (O. tamarutilus) 14개체, 타마긴털깔따구 (P. tammaater) 3개체 총 2종으로 확인되었다. 각 깔따구 종의 형태적 특징은 두부, 하순기절, 대악, 안테나, 발톱의 형태적 특징의 분류기로 종 동정하였다. NCBI Genbank에 등록된 깔따구 19종 COI 염기서열을 기반으로 본 연구에서 조사된 17개체의 계통진화적 분석 결과 채집된 깔따구 COI 염기서열이 둥근깃깔따구 (O. tamarutilus)와 타 마긴털깔따구 (P. tammaater) 2종으로 각각 계통군 (clade)를 이루는 것이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 정수장 환경별 발견 되는 깔따구 유충의 다양성의 확인과 형태적-유전적 종 동정 분류정보를 바탕으로 수환경 관리 및 평가를 위한 기반 정보로 활용될 것이다.

This study analyzed the effect of time of trot on hematology and blood chemistry values of the Jeju Pony crossbreed horses that are commonly used for riding (14.1±1.4 years old, Gelding). A total of 28 parameters including vital signs as well as stress hormones such as cortisol and lactic acid levels were examined as the time of the trot exercise progressed. Vital signs such as heart rate (38.0→81.0 times/min) and respiratory rate (11.7→35.7 times/min) increased significantly within 30 minutes of exercise. However, difference in the body temperature was not observed before and after exercise. The hematology including white blood cell count (8.03→9.52×103 cells/μL), red blood cell count (5.94×103→7.23–7.32×103 cells/μL), hemoglobin levels (11.82→14.65–14.78 g/dL), and hematocrit levels (25.04→30.27%) significantly increased 30 minutes after the start of the exercise (p<0.05). The blood chemistry value of albumin (3.25→3.47 g/dL) (p<0.05) only showed a significant increase after the exercise. However, the other blood chemistry levels such as, Na+, K+, Ca2+, total CO2, creatine kinase, glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate transaminase, total bilirubin, gamma–glutamyl transpeptidase, and total plasma protein did not change. Also, cortisol and lactic acid levels did not show significant difference. The middle-aged Jeju pony crossbreed horses were not stressed by the 30-minute exercise; therefore, it can be concluded that there is no problem regarding the safety of both the rider and the animal.

Jeju Island has been isolated historically from the central government socially, economically and politically as it has own insularity of the closed space and resources. A few cultural aspects for survival have grown in these harsh environments. Especially, Jeju's unique community culture of cooperation at any time was taken place while it kept the family system for guaranteeing the personal self-regularity, so called Kwendang. But the conflicts were seen from 'Kwendang' culture while population inflowed increasingly into Jeju Island today. There is a need to provide political solutions for the social issues arisen from confronting with the central government.

In this article, firstly, we talk about why we respond to “climate change impacts in nature and society” educationally. Secondly, we try to find ways that Jeju also has the ability to halt biodiversity loss and apply nature-based solutions to conserve biodiversity, enhance resilience, and so improve the well-being of the people on the island and in turn to improve the well-being of the people on the planet at the grass roots level of UNESCO internationally protected areas. Thirdly, we try to develop World Environment University Online School Leads Establishment of World Environment University so called “Lead WEU.” We will announce “World Environment University Online School Leads Establishment of World Environment University” at Private Meeting of the 2020 World Conservation Congress on September 9, 2021 in Marseille of France. We propose ”Jeju Global Governance of World Heritage; Climate Change Impacts and Integrated Management of UNESCO internationally Protected Area, at the graduate class of Jeju National University from September 2 to December 9, 2021. The core program centered at the University itself would be developed initially on the basis of the comparative advantage offered by its location in Jeju and the quality of faculty, full and part time, that could be recruited to the University.

The April 3 victim records are a collective history of victims, including the background of the incident, the history of the victims in the process of investigating the truth and restoring honor, the process of establishing the April 3 Special Act and resolving civil-private cooperation. The Jeju 4.3 Incident occurred on Jeju Island, a small South Korean island ruled by U.S. Government amid the global Cold War and the division of the Korean Peninsula after World War II was the second most serious casualty in modern Korean history. Of the island's total population of 280,000, between 25,000 and 30,000 were found to have been killed. Nevertheless, 50 years after the incident, no specific and comprehensive fact-finding has been made, and the truth and justice have been concealed. Since the late 1980s, the damage has gradually begun to be revealed as a fierce campaign to reveal the truth of Jeju civil society, including bereaved families, students, civic groups, media, cultural circles, and academic circles. On January 12, 2000, the Jeju April 3 Incident Truth and Victim Honor Recovery Committee was launched with the enactment of the "Special Act on the Truth and Restoration of Victims". The findings were announced at the time Roh Moo-hyun, the Korean President to visit Jeju Island at a “In the past power of the state of sympathy and heartfelt apology to family and the Jeju for a mistake to say.” and came to a formal apology. In addition, the government has taken steps to overcome past tragedies and move toward the future, including the creation of Jeju April·3 Peace Park in 2003, the establishment of Jeju April ·3 Peace Foundation in 2008, the designation of national anniversaries by the government in 2012, and the declaration of formalization between the bereaved families. The April 3 victim records are a collective history of victims, including the background of the incident, the history of the victims in the process of investigating the truth and restoring honor, the process of establishing the April 3 Special Act and resolving civil-private cooperation.

The thought occurs that through “Korean Tolerance” Wonsan and the Jeju “Peace Port” at Gangeong village could be linked as “sister holiday places” by ferry, which sailing could include other ports to promote peace and Korean tolerance cruises featuring entertainment from all parts of the peninsula. Those Korean relatives in Japan could meet their DPRK families on Jeju and at other places on the Korean Tolerance cruise itinerary. There no doubt are many barriers to such a proposal as a peace and Korean Tolerance voyage between the DPRK and RoK, but the principle of Korean Tolerance and exchange between Wonsan and Jeju World Peace Island should be able to overcome such difficulties with good will throughout the peninsular polity.. “Korean Tolerance Peace Cruises” would serve to promote cultural exchange by using artists from all of Korea to learn from one another’s experiences, using their common language, shared culture and deep history.

열대거세미나방(Spodoptera fruligiperda)은 열대성 비래해충으로서 우리나라에서도 최근 비래하여 피해가 발견되고 있다. 본 연구는 열대 거세미나방 비래 세대와 후세대의 옥수수에 대한 피해양상을 파악하고자 수행하였다. 옥수수 품종별 열대거세미나방 비래 세대에 의한 피해주율은 적게는 4.3% (알록이옥수수)에서 많게는 33.0% (초당옥수수)로 다양하였으며, 전체 평균 피해주율은 13.2% 이었다. 열대거세미나방에 피해 를 받은 옥수수 중에서 최종 번데기까지 이르는 데에 성공한 주의 비율은 19.3% 이었다. 비래 후세대가 암이삭에 미치는 피해는 비래세대에서 거의 무시할 수준으로 확인된 것과는 달리 높게 나타났으며, 종자까지 피해받은 암이삭의 비율은 60%가 되었다. 유충의 분산은 2령기에 가장 활발하였으며, 한 이랑을 따라서 일렬로 일어났다. 기타 열대거세미나방의 피해발달과 본결과의 활용방안에 대하여 고찰하였다.