This study aims to measure the current control waveform of an injector in real time using the developed monitoring system and verify its compliance with the manufacturer’s control waveform requirements. The measured operating waveforms include a peak current phase of 20A and a hold current phase of 10A. The injector of the engine was tested at 1500 RPM and 2000 RPM under conditions of normal fuel injection, small fuel injection, and large fuel injection. In this research, a real-time monitoring system was designed, incorporating an FPGA board and RS232 communication for PC interaction. This system is capable of measuring four channels simultaneously. Furthermore, it is expected that the system could measure up to 12 cylinders concurrently with the addition of more current probes while maintaining the same system configuration. The real-time collection of output waveforms using the developed monitoring system confirmed that the injector operates correctly and meets the manufacturer’s requirements.

최근 농지 및 수자원의 염류화로 인해 염생식물에 대한 작물화와 생육 조건 구명을 위한 연구 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 그러나 재배 조건 변화에 따른 작물의 생육 및 기능성 성분 변화 분석을 위해서는 양액 및 작물 생육부 시료를 채취하여 이를 전처리 및 분석해야 하여 시간적, 인적 자원의 소모가 높다. 본 연구에서는 염생식물의 최적 생육 조건 구명을 효율적으로 수행하기 위해 비파괴적으로 재배 현장에서 실시간으로 작물 생육부와 수경재배 근권부의 염분 농도를 모니터링할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였다. 개발 시스템을 통해 NaCl 0 mM, 50 mM, 150 mM, 300 mM의 4가지 농도 조건에서 갯방풍을 대상으로 재배실험을 수행한 결과, 재배 중 염분 농도 수치의 변화 및 염분 농도가 높을수록 생체중이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 실제 생육 분석 결과에 따르면 개발 시스템을 통한 모니터링 결과에 상응하는 생체중 결과를 확인하여 염생식물의 생육 모니터링 적용이 가능할 것으로 평가되었다. 그러나 단위 생체중 당 기능성물질 함량의 경우, NaCl 농도가 증가할수록 증가하는 것으로 나타나 갯방풍의 상업적 재배 조건의 구명을 위해서는 생체중 외에 기능성 성분의 모니터링을 위한 시스템 보완이 필요하다고 판단되었다.

PURPOSES : For large-scale construction, such as a concrete pavement, design and construction are not entirely consistent. If the inconsistency between design and construction is very large, construction quality is significantly degraded, affecting performance life span and driving comfort. The quality of pavement construction is managed according to standards. However, it is difficult to improve construction quality as the standard measures construction quality after construction is completed. Therefore, this study developed a system to measure the construction quality of concrete pavement in real-time and presented the corresponding standards. METHODS : A basic module for simultaneously measuring the width, thickness, and roughness of the concrete pavement was designed. Based on the measurement results of the distance measurement sensor, a calibration method is presented that can remove noise. The system process was developed to measure construction quality based on location and distance data, measured in real-time using GPSs and sensors. The field application experiment was conducted and the results were analyzed. RESULTS : The measurement module is properly designed to be used in concrete pavement construction sites. Noise was removed from the distance measurement sensor results according to the presented calibration method, leaving only the wave of pavement surface irregularities. As a result of applying the system process in the field application, a reasonable level of PRI was observed. CONCLUSIONS : In the past, the width, thickness, and roughness were measured after construction was completed and, if the standard was not met, construction quality control was performed via reconstruction or repair. Through this study, it is expected that the width, thickness, and roughness of the concrete pavement can be measured in real-time and, if the standard is not met, construction quality can be immediately controlled during construction to maintain high quality.

본 연구는 양액 내 존재하는 다량 영양소의 농도를 실시간으로 측정하기 위해 이온 선택 전극 (ISE) 으로 구성된 임베디드 시스템의 개발을 보여준다. NO3, K 및 Ca 이온을 감지하기위한 PVC ISE, H2PO4를 감지하기위한 코발트 전극, 기준 전극, 샘플 용액이 담기는 챔버, 펌프 및 밸브를 사용하여 측정하는 시스템으로 구성된다. 양액 샘플양 조절과 데이터 수집을 위해서 데이터 Due 보드가 사용되었고, 각각의 샘플 측정 전에, 측정 중 발생하는 드리프트를 최소화시키기 위해 2 점 정규화 방법을 사용하였다. PVC 멤브레인을 기반으로 한 NO3 및 K 전극의 농도 예측 성능은 표준 분석기의 결과와 근접한 일치 (R2 = 0.99) 나타내며 만족스러운 결과를 나타냈다. 하지만, Ca Ⅱ 이온 투과체 제조된 Ca 전극은 고농도 양액 농도에서 Ca 농도를 55 %로 낮게 측정하였다. 코발트 전극 기반 인산 측정은 반복측정 중에 발생한 코발트 전극의 불안정한 신호로 인해 표준 방법과 비교하여 45 ~ 155 mg / L의 인산 농도 범위에서 24.7 ± 9.26 %의 비교적 높은 오차를 나타냈다. 수경 P 감지의 예측 능력을 향상시키기 위해 코발트 전극의 신호 컨디셔닝에 대한 추가 연구가 필요함으로 판단된다.

In this study, real-time monitoring of air quality using a real-time mobile monitoring system was conducted to identify the emission characteristics and current status of air pollutants and odorous substances that are mainly generated in domestic dyeing industrial areas and to trace the pollutant sources. The concentration of toluene in the industrial area was detected up to 926.4 ppb, which was 3 to 4 times higher than that of other industrial areas. The concentration of methylethylketone was 124.7 ppb and the concentration of dichloromethane was 129.5 ppb. Acrolein concentration was highest at E point at 521.6 ppb, methanol concentration was highest at D point at 208.8 ppb, and acetone concentration was highest at M and N points at 549.3 ppb. The most frequently detected concentration of pollutants in the air quality monitoring results in the industrial area was, in descending order, toluene > methanol > acrolein > dichloromethane > acetone, which was similar to the chemical emissions used in the industrial area by the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register data. The concentration of odorous substances measured in real time was compared with the concentration of minimum detection, and the concentration of hydrogen sulfide was about 10 times higher than the concentration of minimum detection at A point, which was judged to be the main odorous cause of A point. In the future, if the real-time mobile measurement system is constructed to automatically connect wind direction/wind speed, PRTR (Pollutant Release and Transfer Register) data and SEMS (Stack Emission Management System) data, etc., it was judged that more accurate monitoring could be performed.

In this study, the odor generated in a livestock farm with 500 heads of finisher breed in 661 m² was monitored during 6 months using a gas sensor, a wired / wireless communication system and database server. Odor unit, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) were monitored using the gas sensor. To show the tendency of odorous substances generation, the odor concentration was shown in the graph on a monthly and daily basis. Among the analysis items, the maximum generation of odor was found to be closely related to the generation of hydrogen sulfide. Through observing the daily and monthly trends of odor substances, it was found that each substance was a useful indicator for monitoring odor, because ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, odor and TVOC were increased and decreased in a similar pattern. The odors were highest in the hours of the early morning (00:00-05:00), the evening (18:00-23:00), and the morning (06:00-11:00) in a day. After the use of the microbial agent was discontinued in autumn (October), anaerobic digestion of the manure in a pit proceeded and the amount of hydrogen sulfide increased. Therefore, despite a slight decrease in ammonia production, the odor unit level did not decrease after October but rather was somewhat increased. In the future, the use of the odor monitoring system is expected to improve the efficiency of odor sources management.

This study suggests a model of production information system that can reduce manufacturing lead time and uniformize quality by using DNC S/W as a part of constructing production information management system in the industrial field of the existing marine engine block manufacturing companies. Under the effect of development of this system, the NC machine interface device can be installed in the control computer to obtain the quality information of the workpiece in real time so that the time to inspect the process quality and verify the product defect information can be reduced by more than 70%. In addition, the reliability of quality information has been improved and the external credibility has been improved. It took 30 minutes for operator to obtain, analyze and manage the quality information when the existing USB memory is used, but the communication between the NC controller computer and the NC controller in real time was completed to analyze the workpiece within 10 seconds.

As the development environment is changing with the development of information communication technology, the systems that were used by each service became used with integration. In the process of integrating from existing legacy systems to new system, it should be smoothly integrated or shared, however, it cannot help holding existing technology or component due to significant cost burden for conversion. In this paper, it was not only classified by types with analyzing the various elements that make up legacy system but an approach and monitoring system were developed to each type. After System application results, data's information generated in each process is provided to other system in real time, so that it has not only secured the work efficiency and reliability but also it is made possible by integrating data in various formats for efficient data management, rapid search and tracking to history. With real-time monitoring system developed in this study, It can be very useful in a variety of industries which require real-time monitoring of distributed legacy system data.

A number of plating companies have been exposed to the risk of fire due to unexpected temperature increasing of water in a plating bath. Since the companies are not able to forecast the unexpected temperature increasing of water and most of raw materials in the plating process have low ignition temperature, it is easy to be exposed to the risk of fire. Thus, the companies have to notice the changes immediately to prevent the risk of fire from plating process. Due to this reason, an agile and systematic temperature monitoring system is required for the plating companies. Unfortunately, in case of small size companies, it is hard to purchase a systematic solution and be offered consulting from one of the risk management consulting companies due to an expensive cost. In addition, most of the companies have insufficient research and development (R&D) experts to autonomously develop the risk management solution. In this article, we developed a real time remote temperature monitoring system which is easy to operate with a lower cost. The system is constructed by using Raspberry Pi single board computer and Android application to release an economic issue for the small sized plating manufacturing companies. The derived system is able to monitor the temperature continuously with tracking the temperature in the batch in a short time and transmit a push-alarm to a target-device located in a remoted area when the temperature exceeds a certain hazardous-temperature level. Therefore, the target small plating company achieves a risk management system with a small cost.

There has been a huge progress in semiconductor manufacturing processes such as reduction of the design rule(DR) and development of multi-processes. And, semiconductor industries have steadily extended its business and market share by reducing the design rule(DR) and enlarging the wafer size as well as by resolving many difficult technical problems through various noble approaches in order to reduce the production cost and to improve the yield. In semiconductor manufacturing, there is a significant difference in the number of memory chips produced according to the wafer size, wafer yield, and the level of the design rule even though the same number of wafers were put to the manufacturing process. So, almost all semiconductor manufacturing companies reach the conclusion that the enlarged size of wafer should be adopted in order to enhance the productivity and reduce the production cost. Thus, in this study, we investigate the specifications of the key functions and capabilities of the necessary modules in the yield analysis and improvement system required to acquire the stationary wafer yield with considering the 450mm wafer manufacturing system. Then the results of this research will be helpful for constructing the advanced yield analysis and improvement system called Real-Time Fault Monitoring and Detection (RTFMD) system.

The process of berthing/deberthing operations for entering/leaving vessels in Busan northern harbor was analyzed and evaluated by using an integrated VTS(vessel traffic service) system installed in the ship training center of Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea. The integrated VTS system used in this study was consisted of ARPA radar, ECDIS(electronic chart display and information system), backup(recording) system, CCTV(closed-circuit television) camera system, gyro-compass, differential GPS receiver, anemometer, AIS(automatic identification system), VHF(very high frequency) communication system, etc. The network of these systems was designed to communicate with each other automatically and to exchange the critical information about the course, speed, position and intended routes of other traffic vessels in the navigational channel and Busan northern harbor. To evaluate quantitatively the overall dynamic situation such as maneuvering motions for target vessel and its tugboats while in transit to and from the berth structure inside a harbor, all traffic information in Busan northern harbor was automatically acquired, displayed, evaluated and recorded. The results obtained in this study suggest that the real-time tracking information of traffic vessels acquired by using an integrated VTS system can be used as a useful reference data in evaluating and analyzing exactly the dynamic situation such as the collision between ship and berth structure, in the process of berthing/deberthing operations for entering/leaving vessels in the confined waters and harbor.

레이더 정보의 수록 및 정량적 해석을 위한 시도로써 타선의 위치정보를 자선의 전자해도 및 radar 화변상에 모니터링하여 두 선박의 간격을 측정할 수 있는 양선거리측정시스템과 ARPA radar가 탐지한 표적의 추적정보를 자선의 전자해도 화면상에 실시간으로 모니터링하기 위한 시스템을 구축함과 동시에 이들 레이더 정보를 필요에 따라 수록 및 재생할 수 있는 레이더 정보수록 및 해석 시스템을 개발하고, 실용화 실험을 행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 목포 인근해역에서 레이더 신호를 수록하고, 이 레이더 영상에 위치발생시뮬레이터에 의해 생성한 타선 위치를 RS232C interface를 통해 전송 및 중첩시켜 타선의 위치를 추적하면서 실시간으로 본선과 타선의 양선 간격을 산출한 결과, 양선 거리 및 방위의 실시간 측정이 가능하여 이 시스템을 양선 거리계로써 활용할 수 있음이 입증되었다. (2) 타선의 레이더 신호를 수신한 후, α-β tracker를 이용하여 타선 영상의 중심 위치를 실시간으로 추적하면서 침로, 속력, 방위, 거리 등을 예측한 결과, 매우 안정된 평활화 추정치를 얻을 수 있었다. (3) ARPA 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 표적의 추적정보를 TTM sentence 등으로써 생성한 후, 이 코드를 전자해도상에 전송 및 중첩 표시시킨 결과, 추적표적의 위치, 속력, 침로, 방위, 거리 등의 추적정보의 실시간 모니터링이 안정적으로 실현된 바, 선내의 여러 장소에서 ARPA 정보를 공유하기 위한 멀티 모니터링 장치의 개발이 기대된다.