龍崗秦簡은 진(秦)의 사회와 법률을 이해하는데 중요한 출토 문헌으로 본고에서 는 제23간부터 제34간까지의 내용을 해독하고 주석을 붙였다. 이 12매의 죽간에는 금원(禁苑) 안에 들어온 짐승에 관한 규정, 불법적으로 얻은 재화에 관한 처리, 금원 및 금원을 둘러싼 공터(격리지대)에서의 사냥 및 어로(漁撈) 행위에 대한 허용 범위 와 금지 사항에 대한 기록이 담겨 있다. 본고는 龍崗秦簡 제23간부터 제34간에 대 한 기존의 연구 성과 및 적외선 카메라로 재촬영한 죽간 사진을 토대로 더욱 정확한 고석(考釋)을 진행하고자 하였으며, ‘敺’와 ‘驅’·‘每’와 ‘毒’·‘灋’와 ‘法’ 등의 한자에 대해 서 고대한자 자료에 보이는 관련 자형을 수집해 보다 상세하고 명확한 주석을 작성 하고자 하였다.

본 연구에서 Pemphigus populitransversus 미루나무면충(신칭)을 국내에서 처음으로 보고한다. 이 종의 형태학적 정보, 분포지역, 기주식물, 한국에 분포하는 Pemphigus 속 종들에 대한 분류키를 제공한다.

Rhaphidophoridae (Orthoptera: Ensifera), commonly known as cave crickets, are a wingless family and considered the most ancient lineage within Tettigoniidea. However, previous molecular phylogenetic studies and morphological hypotheses have shown inconsistencies. Although their fossils have been found in Baltic amber, their systematic placement remains unrevealed. This study reconstructed a comprehensive phylogeny integrating both extant and fossil lineages. Initially, we revealed relationships within extant lineages through molecular phylogenetics including all extant subfamilies for the first time. Subsequently, using a cladistic approach based on morphology, we confirmed the systematic position of fossil taxa †Protroglophilinae with a report of a new species. Integrating molecular and morphological phylogeney by total evidence tip-dating, we present the comprehensive phylogeny of Rhaphidophoridae considering both extant and fossil groups.

This study reports the first records of four coleophorids, namely Coleophora kamchatica (Anikin, 1999), C. lativittella Erschoff, 1877, C. levantis Baldizzone & Oku, 1988, and C. citrarga Meyrick, 1934, in Korea. Additionally, the presence of two species, C. montaniella Oku & Kusunoki, 2018, and C. artemisicolella Bruand, 1855, in Korea has been overlooked in the previous checklist of the family Coleophoridae in Korea, despite there being evidence of their existence. Consequently, with these additions, the total number of known species in Korea has been confirmed to be 42, expanding from the previously identified 36 species. Diagnostic characteristics and photographs of adults and genitalia for the four newly recorded species are provided, along with evidence supporting the presence of the two overlooked species in Korea.

본 논문은 청일전쟁기 『국민신문(国民新聞)』의 특파원으로 종군한 마 쓰바라 이와고로(松原岩五郎)의 『정진여록(征塵餘録)』(1896)에 대해 분 석하고 작품 속에 나타난 19세기 후반 조선에 대한 작가의 인식을 살 펴본다. 식민지 조선의 여행과 관련된 대부분의 연구에서 여행의 기록 물들은 제국주의의 산물이자 식민주의의 프로파간다 전략으로 읽혀왔 다. 본 논문은 청일전쟁 종군기를 분석함에 있어 종군기자의 문학가로 서의 양심이나 개인의 신념에 따른 독자적인 인식이 담겨있을 것이라 는 점과 청일전쟁 시기 조선에 대한 다양한 정보가 대중화되지 않았던 까닭에 조선의 이질적인 문화를 접하는 데 가치중립적인 시선이 있었 을 것이라는 점을 전제로 하여 텍스트를 분석한다. 분석의 결과 마쓰바 라는 하층민의 생활상에 대한 개인적인 관심과 식민지 탐험에 대한 사 명감 등으로 조선과 조선인을 바라보는 시선에 있어서도 일종의 연민 의 인식이 있었다는 점과 그가 사실적인 내용을 기록하되 미개나 야만 성, 낙후성과 연관 지어 문화 지체의 척도로 삼지 않았고 우열이나 멸 시와 같은 시선을 배제하였다는 점에 대해 알 수 있었다.

Korean historical literatures offer numerous records on astronomical phenomena such as eclipses, comets, and close approaches, etc. Records of close approaches often use specific terms to describe the angular distance, which lack translation into modern numerical values. We study the usage of the five commonly used terms, namely, Entry (入, En), Invasion (犯, In), Occultation (掩, Oc), Eclipse (食, Ec), as well as the unit Chi (尺). Our analysis is based on more than 2,300 records from Goryeo (918–1392 CE) and Joseon (1392–1910 CE) Dynasties. Through statistical analysis, we determine their quantitative definitions. We convert the lunisolar calendar to the Julian and Gregorian date and utilize the modern ephemeris DE431 to calculate the angular distance between celestial bodies. We find that the angular distances of the terms En, In, Oc, and Ec correspond to respectively 1.78◦+2.36 −1.11, 0.89◦+3.54 −0.51, 0.44◦+1.15 −0.31, and 0.29◦+2.61 −0.16 for the Goryeo Dynasty and 1.36◦+1.15 −0.64, 0.51◦+1.11 −0.32, 0.25◦+0.27 −0.17, and 0.21◦+0.25 −0.11 for the Joseon Dynasty. Additionally, we determine the angular size of the unit Chi by using the records from Korean chronicles along with the drawings of comets’ tails in the Daily Log (天變謄錄). We estimate the unit Chi to be 1.11◦+0.46 −0.40 and find that the numerical definition was consistent throughout the two dynasties in Korea. Furthermore, we find that the terms were used to describe the closest approach and that there is no observational bias in the angular distances against the apparent magnitudes of the objects. We show that the terms En, In, Oc, and Ec represent decreasing angular distance in that order and this ordering was consistent in both dynasties.

J ogyeongdan is an altar built by the Korean Empire within the burial grounds of Sijomyo(始祖墓), the Jeonju Lee clan, as a part of their posthumous respecting project. This site adheres to strict rules and formalities that are comparable to those of the royal tombs of the Joseon Dynasty, with its altars and monument House demonstrating construction techniques that hold high value in architectural history. This study compares and analyzes construction-related records such as Uigwe, Statements, and Figure, along with their historical context. Through this effort, the study explores in detail the original form of J ogyeongdan at the time of its construction and subsequent transformations in later periods. Findings showed that the Figure was drawed by Chae Yongsin and was only a blueprint prior to the construction; it was modified during the actual construction process. A part of J ogyeongdan project was carried out by demolishing four government office buildings that were closed because of the Gabo Reform in order to secure wood and roof tiles, among other materials. Additionally, concluded the J aesil was by relocated Deokryudang from Samryeyeokcham. Further, instances of distinctive terminology usage were found related to construction materials in the J ogyeongdan Uigwe , which were not used in another Uigwe . These terms were distinguished in detail according to the locations in which the materials were used.

The family Erebidae is acknowledged as a highly diverse group in Lepidoptera. The genus Ischyja Hübner, 1823 has been known from India, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, southern China, Borneo, and Sundaland, predominantly in the old world tropic region. This research presents identification of two species, which have been in Vietnam for the first time. With these new findings, the total number of Ischyja species has increased to four. We present a checklist of them, including descriptions and illustrations of the newly recorded species.

Pseudopomyzidae (Diptera: Nerioidea) is rare and a small family of dark-colored acalyptrate flies, comprising 24 extant species in eight genera and two fossil species in a single genus. To date, only one species Pseudopomyza atrimana (Meigen, 1830) has been recorded in the Korean Peninsula. This study reports the first Korean records of the family Pseudopomyzidae, with two genera and two species, Polypathomyia stackelbergi Krivosheina, 1979 and Tenuia smirnovi Shatalkin, 1995. A key to Korean Pseudopomyzidae is provided with morphological diagnosis and illustrations of habitus and genital structures of males.

A literature study was conducted on the management of the pavilion of the royal tomb in the late Joseon Dynasty, focusing on “Gakneung Suri Deungnok(Records relating to the repair of royal tombs)”. This study analyzed the royal tomb management system, organized the types of damage identified in the building, and examined how the damage status was recorded by type. In the above, the records related to the 1675∼1713 repair of three JeongJaGak(Geonwonneung, Sungneung, and Mokneung), which are registered as state-designated cultural properties, are summarized in three aspects: management system, damage status, and expression words. The results of the study are as follows. First, the royal tomb pavilion was regularly inspected by Observator(觀察使) in spring and autumn, and Surunggwan(守陵官) every 5th, and Servant(守僕) regularly inspected every day and night, and also inspected and reported emergency cases of natural disasters or unexpected damage. Second, the damage status of each building was continuously observed and reported for the continuous maintenance of the buildings in the royal tomb. A total of 75 records of damage to the three royal tombs' pavilion were found to have been most frequently inspected, including 19 cases (25.3%), 14 cases (18.7%), 23 cases (30.7%) of the roof, and 19 cases (25.3%) of the roof. Third, the expression of the damage status is confirmed in various ways, such as separation, separation, burst, damage, excitation, moisture, leakage, and exfoliation. Among them, the main damage records were confirmed due to the separation of the base from the peeling, the furniture, cracks, leaks, leaks in the roof, and the collapse of the roof was able to check the damage records.

깡충좀벌과에 속하는 Neastymachus japonicus (Tachikawa,1970)와 Boucekiella depressa Hoffer, 1954 2종을 한국에서 처음으로 보고한다. 본 종의 기술, 분포, 삽화를 수록한다

본 연구에서 Pemphigus bursarius를 국내에서 처음으로 보고한다. 이 종의 분포지역, 기주식물, 형태학적 정보를 제공한다.

We investigated the records of astronomical phenomena in the Hyeonjong-Donggung-Ilgi written by the educational office for a crown prince, Sigang-won, during the time of a crown prince of the king Hyeonjong (i.e., from 1649 to 1659). Of the total of 3,625 days, 3,044 astronomical accounts were compiled from astronomical records of 2,003 days. We classified these astronomical accounts into 16 items, grouped into five categories, and statistically analyzed each group. In our analysis, the accounts for atmospheric optical phenomena equates to 57.9% of the total, and for celestial phenomena visible during the daytime the percentage is 17.3%. The records related to the approach between two objects such as planets, moon, and stars account for 3.3%, and solar or lunar eclipses take up 0.6%. The ratio of accounts regarding meteor, comet, and fire light (火光) stand at 13.8%, 0.30%, and 6.8%, respectively. Sunny days account for 71.1% of all days per year during this period. We determined that the distribution of the fire light by month is similar to that of the solar halo. We also found that the astronomical records from the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty correspond to only 30% of those of the Hyeonjong-Donggung-Ilgi for the same period. In particular, the phenomena of celestial objects occurring outside the atmosphere are transmitted to the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty in a higher proportion than the phenomena inside the air. It is therefore necessary to use a historical diary like a Donggung-Ilgi to interpret the phenomena in the air such as atmospheric optical events, meteor, and fire light.