포유동물 난자의 체외수정은 외래유전자 도입에 의한 형질전환동물 생산과 우수한 형질을 가진 개체의 보존, 인간의 불임연구 등과 같은 수정란이식 기술로서 널리 이용되고 있다. 돼지 난포란을 이용한 체외수정란의 생산은 초기단계인 체외성숙 기술의 미확립, 그로인한 체외수정 시 높은 다정자 침입율과 불완전한 웅성전핵 형성 몇 체외발달능 정지현상(cell blocking) 등 어려움 때문에 아직도 다른 가축보다 양질의 수정란을 생산하기가 어려운 것으로 알려져 있다

5% CO₂와 5% O₂ 농도 조건 하에서 NCSU23 배양액에 aesculetin을 0, 1, 5 및 10 ㎍/㎖를 첨가한 구에서 상실배기 이상 발육된 체외배양 성적은 10 ㎍ 첨가구(35.7%)가 여타구(0 ㎍, 30.2% ; 1㎍, 29.5% ; 5㎍, 29.2%)보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 성적을 얻었다(P<0.05). NCSU 23 배양액에 taurine을 0, 2.5 및 5.0 mM을 첨가, 체외배양을 실시한 결과 배반포기 이상 발육된 체외발육 성적은 각각 2.8%, 2.2% 및 7.0%였으며, 상실배이상의 체외 발육성적은 26.1%, 26.9% 및 31.7%로서 taurine 5.0 mM 첨가가 체외수정란의 체외발육 성적이 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다(P<0.05). NCSU 23 배앙액에 melatonin을 0, 1, 5 및 10nM을 첨가하여 체외배양을 실시한 결과, 배반포기까지 발육된 체외 발육성적은 17.8%, 26.1%, 20.0% 및 16.3%로서 melatonin 1nM 첨가구가 여타구에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 성적을 나타냈으며(P<0.05), 상실배기 이상 발육된 체외발육 성적에서는 melatonin 1nM 첨가구가 39.1%로서 대조구 33.3%, 5 nM 첨가구의 33.3% 및 10 nM 첨가구의 27.9%보다 높은 발육율을 나타냈다(P<0.05). 한편 배반포기 수정란의 세포수 조사에서는 melatonin 10 mM 첨가구가 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

The effect of several potential antioxidants were examined as a means of increasing the in vitro development of in vitro matured and in vitro fertilized oocytes into morulae and blastocysts. Korean native cattle embryos after in vitro fertilization were cultrued for 7 days at 38.5 in CR1aa containing varing concentration of the antioxidants in a gas phases consisting of 5% CO2, 95% humidified air. The results obtained were summarized as follows; The proportion of embryos developed to morulae and blastocysts in CR1aa containing 2.5uM -tocopherol(11.0% and 6.0%) was significantly higher than those of 0, 5.0, and 7.5uM -tocopherol (P<0.05). concentration of 50uM L-ascorbic acid (7.5% blastocysts) did affect the proportion of embryos developing into blastocystes(P>0.05). Addition of 200uM cysteamine was significantly higher than those of 0, 100 and 300uM (P<0.05). When the fertilized oocytes were cultured at 0. 200, 400 and 600uM of selenium for 168 hrs, the morulae rates were 12.2, 5.2, 16.0 and 16.1% respectively, and addition of 200uM selenium was significantly higher than those of 0, 400, 600uM (P<0.05). These results suggested that the addition of -tocopherol, L-ascorbic acid, cysteamine and selenicum can enhanced development to the morulae and blastocysts of in vitro derived fertilized oocytes.

This study was undertaken to evaluate antioxidative activities of substances isolated from marine resources against human low density lipoprotein (LDL). Methanol-water extract (80:20, v/v) of Sargassum ringgoldianum had the highest antioxidant activity and the active substance was purified by silica gel column chromatography by eluting chlorform : methanol mixture (80:20, v/v). The active fraction was separated to several spots on the TLC in chloroform : methanol (10:1, v/v) mixture. Antioxidative activity of band 4 of fraction 2 on TLC was highest than that of a-tocopherol against human LDL oxidation by the method of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). The band 4 of fraction 2 inhibited the copper mediated oxidation of human LDL with almost completely at 1 or 2 mg/ml.

변패된장에서 효모 2균주(Candida diddensii, Torulopsis etchellsii)와 곰팡이 3 균주(Aspergillus속 ; A-I, A-II, A-III)를 분리하여 보존제인 butyl-p-hydroxybenzated(POBB)와 sodium benzoate(SB) 및 항산화제인 butylated hydroxyanisole(BHA)와 butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT)의 각 농도에 따른 미생물의 성장 억제효과를 검토한 바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 보존제인 POBB의 농도가 증가할수록 성장이 점차적으로 억제되어 POBB 50ppm에서 C. diddensii는 성장속도가 대단히 느려졌으나 T. etchellsii는 완만히 느려졌으며 POBB 100 ppm에서는 2균주 모두 성장이 완전히 억제되었다. 항산화제인 BHA 역시 농도가 증가할수록 성장이 점차적으로 억제되어 BHA 50 ppm에서 2균주 모두 POBB 50 ppm 보다는 억제효과가 적었다. BHA 100ppm에서는 모두 성장이 완전히 억제되었다. 보존제인 SB와 항산화제인 BHT에서는 농도가 증가할수록 성장이 약간 느려졌으나 대조구과 거의 차이가 없었다. 보존제인 POBB 50 ppm에서 Aspergillus A-I와 A-II는 성장이 완전히 억제되었으나 Aspergillus A-III만이 4일째부터 성장이 시작되었고 POBB 100ppm에서는 3균주 모두 성장이 억제되었다. 항산화제인 BHA 역시 농도가 증가할수록 성장이 점차적으로 억제되어 BHA 50ppm에서 Aspergillus A-I 균주는 10일째부터 Aspergillus A-II 균주는 3일째부터 Aspergillus A-III 균주는 1주일 째부터 완만히 성장했으며 BHA 100ppm에서는 POBB 100ppm에서와 마찬가지로 3 균주모두 완전히 억제되었다. 보존제인 SB와 항산화제인 BHT에서는 3 균주 모두 대조구와 별로 차이가 없었다.

초록 (Abstract) Antithiamin activities of BHA, BHT, PG and TBHQ of synthetic antioxidants on the effect of temperature and pH was determined by means of HPLC. The influence of synthetic antioxidants on the degradation of thiamin was found to be dependent on temperature and pH. The degradation of thiamin was considerably more rapid at pH 7 than pH 4. The influence on the heat of synthetic antioxidants at pH 4 and 38℃ was extremely slight, but the degradation of thiamin at pH 7 was much more rapid at 60℃ than at 38℃. After 24 hours of incubation both PG and TBHQ at pH 7 and 60℃ nearly completely destroyed thiamin. Tests of antithiamin activities showed that TBHQ, which was decomposed completely in 72 hours, was more effective than PG at pH 7 and 38℃, but BHA and BHT hardly had antithiamin activities which was evaluated under various reactions of pH and temperature. Thiamin degradation, at pH 7 and 60℃, was proportional to the concentration of PG. When the ratio of PG to thiamin was increased from 0.15:1 to 2:1, the degradation rate also increased. However, the change between ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 was negligible

The prevention of oxidative degradation in fats and oils is largely controlled by the use of synthetic phenolic antioxidants. Antioxidants, BHA: 2-&3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisol, BHT: 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, TBHQ: tert-butylhydroquinone, PG: propyl gallate, PTG: pentyl gallate, OG: octyl gallate, were extracted from fatty foods with hexane and from hexane layer to presaturated acetonitrile with hexane. The polar phenolic hydroxyl groups of antioxidants were silylated with MSTFA and injected to Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. The calibration plots were linear in the investigated range, 0.1-10.0 ug/g. The limit of detection for 6 phenolic antioxidants was 0.1 ug/g. Recoveries and reproducibilities from samples fortified at 1.0 ug/g were in the range of 70-90% and 0.5-13%, respectively. The simultaneous determination of phenolic antioxidants in fatty foods using GC/MS-SIM mode and macro program was described.

탈지 가자박으로 부터 free, soluble 및 insoluble bound phenolic acids를 추출하여 식용대두유 기질에서 항산화효과률 0.02%(w/w)의 BHA, BHT의 항산화 효과와 비교하고자 각 기질과 대조구를 에서 35일간 저장하면서 매 7일 간격으로 과산화물가, TBA가를 측갱하였다. BHA, BHT와 free, soluble 및 insoluble hound phenolic acids를 첨가한 시험구와 대조구의 과산화물가는 21일의 경우 60, 30, 14, 11, 10, 100이었다. 같은 조건하에서 추출물의 TBA가는 0.150, 0.108, 0.105, 0.073, 0.078, 0.185이었다. 이것으로 보아 phenolic acids는 식용대두유 기질에서 우수한 항산화력을 나타내었다. 분리확인된 phenolic acids는 p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, phloroglucinol, pyrogallol, vanillic acid, caffeic acid으로 확인되었다.

The natural antioxidant such as e-tocopherol and synthetic antioxidant BHT were used to compare antioxidative effects of those antioxidants from the physico-chemical properties and fatty acid composition changes in the soybean oil due to number of frying. The composition of frying oil were consisted of a group(Fresh oil), B gorup(Fresh oil added with 0.05% α-tocopherol), C group(Fresh oil added with 0.2% α-tocopherol), D group(Fresh oil added with 0.1% BHT), E group(Tocopherol removed oil from oil by active alumina column chromatography The results obtained were as follws : 1. The color was determined by the Lovibond colorimeter color intensity increased number of frying oil. 2, The acid value, TBA value and Carbonyl value were increased number of frying oil. 3. Natural antioxidants less effective than BHT but effect of α-tocopherol was very similar to that of BHT. 4. The order of antioxidative effect was 0.1% BHT, 0.2% α-tocopherol, 0.05% α-tocopherol, fresh oil, tocopherol remove oil.

This study was carried out to study influence of antioxidants on serum and tissue of rats fed with thermally oxidized oil. The experimental animals used 30male rats of sprague-dawley weighting 150±25g. They are divided into 5 groups and fed to experimental diets which are composed of 15％ thermally oxidized oil in addition to ascorbic acid, Vitamin E, Ethylendintrioteraaceticacid(EDTA) and none added oxidized oil by heat and fresh soybean oil group. Thermally oxidized oil was prepared from the soybean oil by heating at 180℃ for 30 hours. After feeding for 4 weeks, the result are as follows; 1. Body weight gain were lower B diet group than A diet group. 2. Total cholesterol levels in serum of all experimental diet groups except B diet group were higher than that of A diet group. 3. HDL-cholesterol levels of all experimental diet groups except E diet group were lower than that of A diet group. 4. The activities of GOT, GPT in serum of all experimental diet groups except B diet group and D diet group were higher than that of A diet group. 5. Vitamin E levels in serum of E diet group were highest than that of all experimental diet groups, and Vitamin E levels in liver of A diet group were highest than that of all experimental diet groups. 6. Lipid peroxide in Serum were highest B diet group than that of all experimental diet groups and the other experimental diet group significantly lower than that of the A diet group. 7. Lipid peroxide in liver of all experimental diet group except E diet group were significantly higher than that A diet group and lipid peroxide in kidney of all experimental diet group except B diet group were lower than that of A diet group. Four these results, as Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and EDTA added diets have effect of thermally oil by antioxidants, it could be suggested that thermally soybean oil diet has required to add antioxidant because it has not sufficient Vitamin E for antioxidant and intake and overtake level of thermally soybean oil diet should be studied to go ahead.