This paper is intended to develop a Bayesian decision model for the repair of deteriorating system. A non-homogeneous Poisson process with a power law failure intensity function is used to describe the behavior of the deteriorating repairable system. The decision on whether to have minimal repair or imperfect repair should be made on the occurrence of a failure. However, it is difficult to make a reasonable decision due to many uncertainties intrinsic in repair actions. In this paper, prior distributions are used in order to analyze the uncertainties embedded in the decision alternatives. Especially, a prior distribution for imperfect repair with probabilistic reduction in the failure intensity is proposed. In addition, mathematical expressions to calculate the expected prior loss of each repair alternative are proposed.

In this paper we extend the classical decision model under uncertainty to a more general case. We propose an expected utility-uncertainty model and we can make a decision by trading off between a measure of uncertainty and a measure of expected value. As a risk analysis model, the expected utility-uncertainty model can be seen to be reasonable and flexible for states of nature or individuals' preferences. Moreover, the model can explain some decision paradoxes.

Supply Chain Management(SCM) system is a critical investment that can affect future competitiveness and performance of a company. Selection of a right SCM system is one of the critical issues. This paper provides the characteristic factors of SCM system selection and the SCM system evaluation and selection model based on Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). The proposed model can systematically construct the objectives of SCM system selection to support the business goals. A empirical example demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed model and the model can help a company to make better decision-making in selecting SCM system.

In order to implement Artificial Intelligence, various technologies have been widely used. Artificial Intelligence are applied for many industrial products and machine tools are the center of manufacturing devices in intelligent manufacturing devices. The purpose of this paper is to present the design of Decision Support Agent that is applicable to machine tools. This system is that decision whether to act in accordance with machine status is support system. It communicates with other active agents such as sensory and dialogue agent. The proposed design of decision support agent facilitates the effective operation and control of machine tools and provides a systematic way to integrate the expert's knowledge that will implement Intelligent Machine Tools.

In this paper we extend the classical decision model under uncertainty to a more general case. We propose an expected utility-uncertainty model and we can make a decision by trading off between a measure of uncertainty and a measure of expected value. As a risk analysis model, the expected utility-uncertainty model can be seen to be reasonable and flexible for states of nature or individuals' preferences. Moreover, the model can explain some decision paradoxes.

This paper is intended to develop a Bayesian decision model for the repair of deteriorating system. A non-homogeneous Poisson process with a power law failure intensity function is used to describe the behavior of the deteriorating repairable system. The decision on whether to have minimal repair or imperfect repair should be made on the occurrence of a failure. However, it is difficult to make a reasonable decision due to many uncertainties intrinsic in repair actions. In this paper, prior distributions are used in order to analyze the uncertainties embedded in the decision alternatives. Especially, a prior distribution for imperfect repair with probabilistic reduction in the failure intensity is proposed. In addition, mathematical expressions to calculate the expected prior loss of each repair alternative are proposed.

Jin, Jae-Hee. 2004. Aspects of Teacher-centered Communication in Conversations between Teachers and Learners in the Korean Language Classroom. Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea, 12(2). This paper examines how and why asymmetrical relationships are constituted through verbal interactions between teachers and students in the Korean language classroom. According to van Dijk (1989), 'power' in institutions such as hospitals or classrooms is best conceptualized as ‘group power asymmetrical relations’ between groups. As is the case for institutional members, members of dominant groups may derive their individually exercised power from the overall power of the group to which they belong. Speakers often possess an institutional role and their conversations are backed by the power or authority of the institution. From this perspective, this paper examines how power is being exerted and assigned in conversations between teachers and students in the Korean classroom. First, this research examined if the turns at talk for the participants (teacher and students) were equally distributed. The results showed that the teacher took about 50% of the total turns at talk, which is about eight times as many turns taken by each student. This indicates that the flow of classroom conversation starts from the teacher, or in other words, is teacher-centered communication. Second, this research considered inequality that occurs during problem solving meaning negotiation. Research results also showed that in 165 negotiated exchanges, over 85% were initiated by the teacher, which underscores the extremely asymmetrical instigation of conversation in Korean language classrooms. Student deficiencies in fluency and initiation, teacher questioning methodology and dialogue guidance, the teacher's almost exclusive right to choose the topic, the excessive adaptation of students to the classroom environment as well as the nationality of students were all factors contributing to this phenomenon.

The purpose of this paper is to value the intercultural communicative competence model in English language assessment. As for intercultural communication, it becomes of utmost importance that (1) the inappropriateness of the conventional communicative competence models be demonstrated, and (2) altemative models from interculturally communicative needs be proposed and their use defended. Qualitative methodolgy and narrative inquiry are needed to make the assessment of intercultural communicative competence press forward in Korea.

In order to enhance the effectiveness of students' learning behavior through teaching, it is necessary to investigate the differences between competent and less competent teachers' teaching practices. Furthermore, it is also important to examine various w

As quality becomes a primary leading factor of organizational success, various management strategies have been In-troduced to Improve quality competitiveness Quality competitiveness, however, is difficult to measure and numerous organ-izations are struggl

This study aims to examine the usefulness on the Evaluation Process for the Feasibility & Priority of A Certain Public Projects. and the Methodology used AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) which used pairwise comparisons of the alternatives and criteria for solving discrete alternative multicriteria decision problems. In this paper, we present a similar phenomenon, rank reversal problem, when we apply the AHP to group decision making process. The problem is identified by an example problem in that the previous rank order of Public Projects choices. we also present three different methods to prevent the undesirable characteristic of the original AHP in appling to Decision Making Process.

Finding an optimal solution in MADM(Multi-Attribute Decision-Making) problems is difficult, when the number of alternatives, or that of attributes is relatively large. Most of the existing mathematical approaches arrive at a final solution on the basis of many unrealistic assumptions, without reflecting the decision-maker's preference structure exactly. In this paper we suggest a model that helps us find a group consensus without assessing these parameters in specific cardinal values. Therefore, This research provides a comprehensive Decision Making of the theory and methods applicable to the analysis of decisions that involve risk and multiple criteria attributes. after, The emphasis of the procedure will be on developments from the fields of decisions analysis and utility theory of Taguchi Method. This theoretical development will be illustrated through the discussion of several real-world application and a case study. When the multiple number of decision makers are involved in the decision making procedure, the problem of uncertainties invariably occurs, because of the different views between them. In this paper, New decision making model using Taguchi Method is applied to effectively model the multi-attribute-decision making(MADM) procedure in the uncertainties dominated two area(quantitative and qualitative factors), Quantitative factors evaluation is used Loss Function of Taguchi, qualitative factors evaluation is used S₩N ratio by each specialist. thus it can be used for aiding of preferable alternative. as a result, We will be proved efficiency about New decision making model of applied Taguchi Method with Analytical presentation of all the expecting outcomes when a specific strategy or an alternative plan is selected under expecting future environment.

This paper aims to construct an effective decision making model on selection of product design in product development using fuzzy AHP technique. It is expected that this paper contributes to enhancement of company's market competitiveness by shortening the lead time to develop a new product and minimize initial investment. The proposed model using fuzzy AHP enables quick decision making by integrating and analyzing all customer requirements related to a product. In addition, it can deal with vagueness and uncertainty of decision making process using fuzzy set theory. Decision making processes for evaluating the best selection of product design are also constructed to describe the exact concept of development. A tennis racket is shown as an example. The proposed model is expected to be applied in various fields of managerial decision making processes as well as of product development process.

Finding an optimal solution in MADN[(Multi-Attribute Decision-Making) problems is difficult, when the number of alternatives, or that of attributes is relatively large Most of the existing mathematical approaches arrive at a final solution on the basis of many unrealistic assumptions, without reflecting the decision-maker's preference structure exactly. In this paper we suggest a model that helps us find a group consensus without assessing these parameters in specific cardinal values. Therefore, This research provides a comprehensive Decision Making of the theory and methods applicable to the analysis of decisions that involve risk and multiple criteria attributes. after, The emphasis of the procedure will be on developments from the fields of decisions analysis and utility theory of Taguchi Method. This theoretical development will be illustrated through the discussion of several real-world application and a case study. When the multiple number of decision makers are involved in the decision making procedure, the problem of uncertainties invariably occurs, because of the different views between them. In this paper, New decision making model using Taguchi Method is applied to effectively model the multi-attribute-decision making(MADM) procedure in the uncertainties dominated two area(quantitative and qualitative factors), Quantitative factors evaluation is used Loss Function of Taguchi, qualitative factors evaluation is used 50 ratio by each specialist. thus it can be used for aiding of preferable alternative. as a result, We will be proved efficiency about New decision making model of applied Taguchi Method with Analytical presentation of all the expecting outcomes when a specific strategy or an alternative plan is selected under expecting future environment.

This paper analyzes the high school textbooks for German which were developed according to the guidelines of the 7th National Curriculum. The study focuses on communicative features of texts/dialogues and the lessons in general. According to 7th National Curriculum, students have to practice all four communicative activities in German I, namely listening, speaking, reading and writing. This analysis aims at identifying and analyzing the elements which are relevant for communicative exercises. For that purpose, the author analyzes the proportion of texts in relation to dialogues, and the therein contained distribution of communicative situations or themes; another aspect of analysis deals with the question, how systematically the lessons are structured in order to enhance the four communicative activities and skills.

The basis of cyber trading has been sufficiently developed with innovative advancement of Internet Technology and the tendency of stock market investment has changed from long-term investment, which estimates the value of enterprises, to short-term investment, which focuses on getting short-term stock trading margin. Hence, this research shows a Short-term Stock Price Forecasting System on Learning Agent System using DTA(Decision Tree Algorithm) ; it collects real-time information of interest and favorite issues using Agent Technology through the Internet, and forms a decision tree, and creates a Rule-Base Database. Through this procedure the Short-term Stock Price Forecasting System provides customers with the prediction of the fluctuation of stock prices for each issue in near future and a point of sales and purchases. A Human being has the limitation of analytic ability and so through taking a look into and analyzing the fluctuation of stock prices, the Agent enables man to trace out the external factors of fluctuation of stock market on real-time. Therefore, we can check out the ups and downs of several issues at the same time and figure out the relationship and interrelation among many issues using the Agent. The SPFA (Stock Price Forecasting System) has such basic four phases as Data Collection, Data Processing, Learning, and Forecasting and Feedback.