In order to prepare a softener, alkyl imidazoline salt, fatty carbamide salt, and fatty polyamide salt were synthesized first, and then the synthesized salts were blended. The prepared softeners were applied to acrylic fibers, and then several properties were tested. As a result, the prepared softeners show good softening and lubricating properties, and they also show a little antistatic property. Through bending resistance tests and measurements of feeling change of acrylic fibers treated with the softeners, it was proved that the prepared softeners are durable softeners.

In this paper, we proposed the optimal process conditions on the electro-gilding process. The responses are plating thickness and Sn proportion. The factors are temperature, current density, and addition. We minimized the total number of experiments based

Fat and sugar reduced yellow layer cake system was developed with varied replacement level of 30%, 60%, and 90% for AD(amylodextrin) and 10%, 30%, and 50% for PD(polydextrose). Physicochemical and sensory characteristics were investigated and optimum replacement level was also decided using response surface methodology. Sample groups of PD10AD30 had significantly the lowest specific gravity and viscosity, indicating the stable batter system with high air incorporation. Sample groups with PD10AD90 showed the highest volume index and were not significantly different from those of the PD10AD30. Sensory results indicated that PD30AD30 were significantly the most springy and moist, and the least hard of all sample groups. Sample groups with PD10AD90 had the least adhesiveness value. To establish the optimum substitution level using RSM, the restriction level was set up as moistness over five point, hardness under five points, and adhesiveness under four points. The optimum substitution level was 20% for PD and 88% for AD.

Porous TiNi bodies were produced by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) method from a powder mixture of Ti and Ni. Porosity, pore size and structure, mechanical property, and transformation temperature of TiNi product were investigated. The average porosity and pore size of produced porous TiNi body are 63% and , respectively. XRD analysis showed that the major phase of produced TiNi body is B2 phase. Its average fracture strength and elastic modulus measured under dry condition were MPa and GPa, respectively. It could be strained up to 7.3 %. The transformation temperatures determined by DSC showed the temperature of and temperature of .

Hybrid ceramic particle reinforced 6061 and 5083 Al composite powders were prepared by the combination of twin rolling and stone mill crushing process, followed by consolidating processes of cold compaction, degassing and hot extrusion. The composite bar consists of lamellar structure of ceramic particle rich area and matrix area, in which the hybrid was decomposed into each TiC of about and particles of about in diameter. It also found that fine precipitates of about 30 nm were embedded in the matrix, which have grains of about 3 . Higher UTS was measured at the 5083 composite bar compared to the conventionally fabricated composite, due to again refinement effect by the rapid solidification. No particle was shown to form in the interface between the matrix and reinforcement, whereas carbon was diffused into the matrix.

표준 마요네즈 제조에 Bovine Plasma를 첨가하거나, 난황의 일부 혹은 전량을 Bovine Plasma으로 대체하여 마요네즈를 제조하고 점도, 색도, 유화 안정성, 관능검사를 통하여 Bovine Plasma의 마요네즈의 제조적성을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 점도는 표준 마요네즈 (난황비율 12%) 제조 배합비에 0.01 ~ 0.1% Bovine Plasma를 첨가하였을 때 다소 증가하였고, 난황 첨가비를 50% 감소한 시료에서도 1 ~ 3% Bovine Plasma를 첨가함에 따라 표준 마요네즈와 근접한 점도를 나타냈다. 난황을 전혀 첨가하지 않고 Bovine Plasma만으로 제조한 경우도 5% 첨가수준에서 표준 마요네즈에 근접한 점도를 나타냈다. 2. 색도의 측정결과, 난황의 비율 (6, 12%)과 Bovine Plasma의 첨가비율에 따라 명도값을 나타내는 L값은 전체 시료간, 저장기간 (30℃ 21일간)에 따른 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 황색도를 나타내는 b값은 난황의 비율에 따라 뚜렷한 차이를 보였고, Bovine Plasma의 첨가비율에 따른 차이는 보이지 않았다. 3. Bovine Plasma의 첨가가 유화 안정성에 미치는 영향 (30℃ 21일간)을 검토한 결과, 표준 마요네즈에 Bovine Plasma를 첨가함에 따라 안정성이 증가하였고, 난황비율을 표준 마요네즈의 50%로 감소시켜도 1 ~ 3% Bovine Plasma를 첨가함에 따라 표준 마요네즈와 근접한 유화 안정성을 보였다. 난황을 전혀 첨가하지 않고 Bovine Plasma만으로 제조한 경우도 5% 첨가수준에서 표준 마요네즈와 근접한 유화 안정성을 나타냈다. 4. 관능검사에서 표준 마요네즈에 0.01 ~ 0.1% Bovine Plasma를 첨가한 시료는 Bovine Plasma의 첨가비율에 따라 항목별로 다소 차이는 있었으나 전반적으로 낮은 기름냄새, 달걀냄새, 식초냄새, 기름맛, 달걀맛, 느끼한 맛, 식초맛을 나타내고 냄새와 맛의 조화도가 높아 표준 마요네즈보다 선호되는 것으로 평가되었다. 또한, 난황의 첨가비율을 50%로 감소시키고 1 ~ 3% Bovine Plasma를 첨가하여 제조한 마요네즈는 색을 제외하고는 모든 항목에서 표준 마요네즈와 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 반면에, 난황을 전혀 첨가하지 않고 5%의 Bovine Plasma만으로 제조한 마요네즈는 표준 마요네즈와 비교했을 때 다소 강한 기름냄새와 기름맛, 난황이 첨가되지 않아 색에 대한 기호도의 저하 등 관능적인 면에서 전반적으로 낮은 결과를 보였다.

Environmental friendly acrylic/urea high-solid paint(MUHC) were prepared through the curing reaction of acrylics resin(EBHC) containing 70wt% of solids content and butylated urea curing agent. The synthesis of EBHC Was done at 150℃ for 6 hours, and the results were obtained as follows : Mn=1830~2190, Mw 3290~4000, Mw/Mn=1.80~1.83 viscosity=110~352 cps, and conversion=82~92%. After the film was coated with MUHC, the various physical properties were measured. They showed that enhancement of the coating properties such as adhesion, flexibility, abrasion resistance, impact resistance, and water resistance could be expected through introdl1cing caprolactone acrylate component in acrylics resin for the high-solids content acrylics/urea coatings.

Fatty polyamide that gives softness, lubrication and bulky property and alkyl imidazoline that gives durable softness and antistatic property were synthesized. then, an O/W-type durable softener (DSN) was prepared by the emulsion of the synthesized fatty polyamide and alkyl imidazoline. Emulsion stability of the DSN was good, and the mixed HLB value was 11.2. From the measurement of softness, lubrication, antistatic property, bending resistance, and color fastness, it was proved that the prepared DSN was a good durable softener for nylon.

직접메탄올연료전지에 사용가능한 이온교환막을 개발하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 폴리설폰을 설폰화시켜 양이온교환막을 제조하였고 그에 대한 특성을 150℃에서 열처리 전과 후를 통해 메탄을 투과도, 이온전도도, 이온교환용량 그리고 함수율 등에 대하여 평가하였다. 폴리설폰 고분자의 단량체와 설폰화제의 몰비가 1.4일 때 메탄올 투과도는 2.87×10-7 ;cm2/s(열처리 안함), 1.52×10-7; cm2/s(열처리함)과 이온전도도는 1.10×10-2; S/cm (열처리안함), 0.87×10-2; S/cm(열처리함)을 각각 보여 주었다. 그 이후의 몰비에서는 거의 증가하지 않았으며, 이러한 경향은 함수율과 이온교환용량에서도 같은 경향을 보여주었다.