대부분의 수경재배 딸기 농가에서는 기존의 토양재배에서처럼 베드의 작물체 상단에 끈끈이트랩을 설치하고 있다. 이처럼 작물체 상단에 끈끈이트랩을 설치하면 수경재배의 경우에는 설치 및 작업상 불편, 통기 시 바람에 의한 움직임으로 유인효과의 저하 등의 애로사항이 있다. 수경재배는 베드 아래에 끈끈이트랩을 설치하기에 적당한 간격으로 끈끈이트랩 고정끈을 묶을 수 있는 가로형 쇠가 지지대로 설치되어 있다. 이를 활용하여 수경재배 베드 아래에 끈끈이트랩을 설치하면 작업시간 절약, 작업 불편 해소, 유인 효과의 상승 등 장점이 있어 딸기 수경재배지에서 는 작은뿌리파리의 예찰 및 포살을 위해서는 끈끈이트랩을 베드 아래에 설치하는 것이 효율적이다. 실제로 몇몇 농가에서 베드 아래, 작물체 상단으로 구분하여 황색 끈끈이트랩(15×25 ㎝)을 설치한 후 작은뿌리파리의 유인 및 포살수를 조사한 결과 베드 아래에 설치하는 것이 3.7∼12.6배 효과가 좋았다

최근 관광여가를 목적으로 하는 고속도로 이용자가 증가하고 고속도로의 기능 역시 통행기능 외에 관광, 여가, 문화교류의 개념으로 확대되는 등 고속도로의 이용목적 및 패턴변화에 따라 고객들의 쾌적한 고속도로 환경 조성 및 경관관리에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 반면 한국도로공사의 조경 관리 및 경관관리의 경우 조경관리 기계화 확대시행, 직선구간 경관다양화, 자생수목의 관리방법 개선, LID 기법확대, 통일희망나무 프로젝트, 졸음쉼터 확충 등 다양한 형태로 조경 및 경관관리 등을 시행하고 있으나 고속도로를 이용하는 이용자의 요구를 해결하지 못하고 있으며, 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이용자의 설문과 소셜분석을 이용하여 이용자의 요구를 분석하였으며, 고속도로 조경담당자의 설문을 통해 고속도로공사의 빅데이터 활용방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 소셜분석의 경우 K-ICT 빅데이터센터(https://kbig.kr/)에서 제공하는 소셜분석을 이용였으며, 검색일자는 2016년 12월 03일로 검색일을 기준으로 1년으로 설정하여 조사하였다. 조사 시 키워드는 각각 블로그, 뉴스, TWITTER등 웹 또는 SNS에서 한국도로공사, 고속도로, 고속도로 조경을 검색하여 분석하였다. 또한 이용자의 인식도 및 만족도를 파악하기 위하여 2016.10.31.~2016.11.09.간 고속도로 이용자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. “한국도로공사”에 대한 소셜분석 결과 1년간 한국도로공사에 연관된 데이터소스는 뉴스에서 5,348건, TWITTER에서 119건, 블로그에서 127건이 언급되었다. 연관된 단어로는 스포츠 리그관련 및 정책에 연관된 단어가 대부분 차지하고 있었다. “고속도로”에 대한 소셜분석 결과 뉴스에서 22,948건, TWITTER에서 7,026건, 블로그에서 2,025건이 언급되었으며, 관련 키워드로는 통행료 및 정책, 소음구간, 소음구간 공원화, 방음터널 위 공원에 관련된 키워드가 주를 이루었다. “고속도로 조경”의 분석결과 고속도로조경에 연관된 데이터소스는 뉴스에서 432건에 불과하였으며, 블로그에서 23건이 언급되었다. 연관된 단어로는 지명 관련 부동산 및 신 도로개통에 연관된 단어가 대부분으로 조사되었다. 설문을 통한 이용자의 인식도 및 만족도는 I.C / J.C, 휴게소, 요금소, 터널, 옹벽, 노선, 중앙분리대 등으로 우선 순위가 정해졌으며, 공간별 종합 분석 결과 휴게소와 요금소에서 인식도, 중요도, 만족도가 모두 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 고속도로 관련 소셜분석결과 고속도로 이용자가 아닌 주변 주민의 요구 특히 소음과 노선 및 부동산에 관련된 키워드가 주를 이루었다. 이용자 설문의 경우 휴게소, 요금소에서 높은 관심도와 만족도를 보였으며, 노선과 옹벽에서 낮은 만족도를 보였다. 옹벽의 경우 인식도는 높았지만 만족도가 낮아 관리수준을 상향 조정해야 할 것으로 분석되었다. 설문결과 노선의 경우 낮은 인식도를 보였으나 소셜분석에서는 조경 관리 관련 키워드가 상당부분 차지하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 기존 이용자 중심의 조경실시 설계가 이용자 외 고속도로 주변 주민을 함께 고려한 설계와 시공이 필요할 것으로 분석되었다. 고속도로 조경 식물의 하자율 빅데이터 분석은 한국도로공사에 축적된 데이터를 기반으로 연도별 하자공사 시행에 따른 하자량과 하자율을 도출하였다. 하자율에 영향을 미칠것으로 판단되는 기상요소의 경우 각 지역의 기상청 자료를 활용하여 하자발생년도의 각 월별 평균 기온, 월별 강수량, 누적 강수량, 월별 최고기온, 최저기온의 데이터를 분석에 활용하였으며, 하자보수공사 시행시기에 맞추어 춘계와 추계로 구분하였다. 지역 구분의 경우 기존의 데이터를 토대로 본부별로 구분하여 분석을 실시하였다. 춘계 하자발생요인으로는 전해 12월부터 당해 1~2월의 동계기상요소가 하자율에 영향을 미쳤을 것으로 판단하였고 추계 하자발생요인으로는 당해 6,7,8,월의 기상요소가 하자율에 영향을 미쳤을 것으로 판단하여 하자율과의 상관관계 분석을 실시하였다.

Safety accidents, which are called industrial accidents in construction work, are often caused by unstable physical and personal conditions combined during preparation and execution of work. It is difficult to manage all the construction works, but especially in the field of apartment construction work, complex and many kinds of works are being carried out at the same time. In the current construction, safety regulations such as safety management guidelines are generally well maintained, but the execution of manpower resources that can fulfill them is limited, and it is difficult to reduce the accident rate and loss cost. Therefore, in this study, it is a reality that most of the types of construction work are under contruction by subcontracting contract, so they are limit by methods of manual maintenance and safety education. Currently, the subcontractor is also allowed to perform safety management through the composition of the safety management review body, but it is operated formally. So alternatives to this were studied. As a result, safety accidents occur in the subcontractor's workplace due to vertical integration, which is a characteristic of the construction industry. Therefore, the safety management should be carried out by the subcontractor as well as the subcontractor It is concluded that effective and practical safety management can be achieved when management based on the personality that can communicate with each other through the management team is able to reduce the accident rate and loss cost.

This study applied the self-protected maintenance activities of the TPM activities that are implemented as a means of ensuring operability of the facility as a result of maintenance of facilities and maintenance. 1 STEP is to achieve the basis and systemic management of the equipment preservation by maintaining the initial cleaning, maintenance of the 2nd STEP source, filling the TDEP cleaning tank, filling the TDEP function 6 STEP functions, maintaining the overall STEP Independent Inspection, 6 STEP Independent Inspection, and SEEP Independent Management. Based on the introduction of the TPM activities by the Tire Automation Center, the analysis of the environment, personnel and facility changes was analyzed by the implementation of the TPEP activity at the site of the project. As a result, productivity improvements and facility management have become important. It is expected that the application of the TPM activities to the automated manufacturing plant will be implemented and enforced to enhance competitiveness through enhancing vitality and facility efficiency.

The systematic management of technology infrastructure increasingly becomes critical as it represents the driving power for creating competitive advantage of nations and enterprises. In this sense, public facility and equipment, which is one major asset of technology infrastructure, should be managed effectively, systematically and efficiently to increase its overall equipment effectiveness. However, the manual and off-line communication was the unique way to communicate between the suppliers who provide facilities in the public sector and the customers who utilize the facilities in the industrial sector. This communication way caused invisibility of available usage time and increase of idle time, thereby decreasing the equipment effectiveness. This paper presents an web-based scheduling system that enables real-time collaboration and information sharing for increasing the equipment effectiveness. The designed system performs scheduling, facility management, order management and customer relationship management in an on-line platform, and carries out the processing and storing of relevant information in an integrated database. The paper includes a development approach to identify business process models and standardized system models by using object-modeling technique. The deliverable of the present work will contribute to increasing the equipment effectiveness by enhancing visibility, transparency and predictability by means of the integration with a legacy Enterprise Resource Planning.

In construction work, safety accidents often occur in combination with unstable physical and human conditions during preparation and execution of work. In Korea, the accident rate is higher to that of any country in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures by fundamental prescription. In this paper, in the case of construction safety management, we tried to find a reasonable alternative through a questionnaire survey to apply to subcontracting and small-scale construction. In conclusion, workers who are well aware of the task could be able to reduce the accident rate by deploying them as safety management officers after receiving the training.

The knock-in efficiency in the fibroblast is very important to produce transgenic domestic animal using nuclear transfer. In this research, we constructed three kinds of different knock-in vectors to study the efficiency of knock-in depending on structure of knock-in vector with different size of homologous arm on the β-casein gene locus in the somatic cells; DT-A_cEndo Knock-in vector, DT-A_tEndo Knock-in vector I, and DT-A_tEndo Knock-in vector II. The knock-in vector consists of 4.8 kb or 1.06 kb of 5’ arm region and 1.8 kb or 0.64 kb of 3’ arm region, and neomycin resistance gene(neor) as a positive selection marker gene. The cEndo Knock-in vector had 4.8 kb and 1.8 kb homologous arm. The tEndo Knock-in vector I had 1.06 kb and 0.64 kb homologous arm and tEndo Knock-in vector II had 1.06 kb and 1.8 kb homologous arm. To express endostatin gene as transgene, the F2A sequence was fused to the 5’ terminal of endostatin gene and inserted into exon 7 of the β-casein gene. The knock-in vector and TALEN were introduced into the bovine fibroblast by electroporation. The knock-in efficiencies of cEndo, tEndo I, and tEndo II vector were 4.6%, 2.2% and 4.8%, respectively. These results indicated that size of 3’ arm in the knock-in vector is important for TALEN-mediated homologous recombination in the fibroblast. In conclusion, our knock-in system may help to create transgenic dairy cattle expressing human endostatin protein via the endogenous expression system of the bovine β-casein gene in the mammary gland.

The current study aims to propose a reorganization plan for the national emergency management system to improve the current organizational structure for responding to national disasters and emergency situations. As a theoretical framework, the current study identified four key elements of successful disaster response systems: responsiveness, controllability, expertise, and devotedness. On the basis of the four key elements of disaster response systems, this study critically reviewed the current state of the organizational structure of the Korean national emergency response system by discussing the issues inherent in the current structure and by doing a comparative analysis of two high-profile national disaster cases—the Sewol ferry disaster in 2014 and the Gwangsan Rescue of buried people in 2013. Then, this study proposed the reorganization plan for the national disaster response system in which the NEMA is under direct control of the Prime Minister of Korea. It coordinates and controls the related government departments, such as the police, maritime police, and military during the national disaster and emergency situation. This study also proposed a reorganizational plan for the regional disaster response system in Korea. Finally, it was suggested that the status of firefighters should be elevated to the national public servant level in order to achieve organizational efficiency and solve existing problems that come from the current separated systems.

역삼투막 운영에 있어서 유기물 오염에 대한 문제들을 해결하기 위해 많은 연구를 하고 있다. 현재 가성소다 (NaOH)를 사용하여 유기물 오염 제거를 하고 있다. 본 연구는 지속적인 막오염 증가 문제를 해결하기 위한 물리/화학적 세정 기법으로서 기존에 사용하던 가성소다와 Micro-bubble를 이용하여 유기물 오염 제거 실험을 수행되었다. 멤브레인 강제 오염 을 위해 Humic acid sodium, Bovine serum albumin, Sodium alginate 약품을 사용하여 유기물 오염을 시켰다. 유기물 오염에 따른 Flux를 관찰하였고, 가성소다와 Micro-bubble를 이용한 유기물 오염 제거 실험은 가성소다로만 사용했을 때보다 향상 된 것을 관찰했다.

PURPOSES: The goal of this study is to analyze the operational efficiencies of special roundabouts using simulated programs. METHODS: This study primarily focuses on comparing the delays and traffic flow disturbances occurring at special roundabouts. In this study, the operational efficiencies of 450 scenarios (5 roundabout types × traffic volumes × directional ratios × measures) are analyzed according to the corresponding delays and traffic flow disturbances using VISSIM and SSAM. RESULTS : The main results are as follows: 1) the Hamburger roundabouts are determined to yield the least common-type delays, 2) the amount of delays at Turbo and Flower roundabouts with respect to relatively increased right-turn-type delays, in addition to the amount of delays at the Left-turn slip-lane roundabout with respect to relatively increased left-turn-type delays, are found to be reduced as compared to the common-type delays. Lastly, common- and increased right-turn-type traffic flow disturbances at the Turbo roundabout and increased left-turntype traffic flow disturbances at the Left-turn slip-lane roundabout are determined to be the most infrequent. CONCLUSIONS: This study comparatively analyzes five roundabout types: standard, Flower, Turbo, Hamburger, and Left-turn slip-lane. The effectiveness of roundabouts can increase according to given traffic volume, directional ratio, and measure of effectiveness.

무기실리카 입자로 구성된 고탁도 원수를 처리하는 침지식 정밀여과 운전에서 휴민산과 2가 양이온의 존재유무에 따라 시간에 따른 파울링 저항을 관찰하였다. 공기폭기로 인한 무기실리카 입자의 파울링 감소효과는 휴민산과 칼슘이 혼합 으로 존재 시 감소하였다. 파울링층의 전자현미경 관찰결과 칼슘의 존재 시 휴민산의 무기실리카 입자 표면흡착이 관찰되었 다. 이는 멤브레인 표면에 조밀한 파울링층을 형성시켜 공기폭기 효과를 감소시킨 것으로 판단된다. 용액의 조성에 따른 고탁 도 원수의 탁도 제거율에는 큰 변화가 없었으나 공기폭기량에 따라 칼슘과 무기실리카 입자의 혼합 존재 시 유기물질의 제거 율은 80% 이상으로 증가하였다. 이는 공기폭기 하에 무기실리카 입자 표면에 흡착된 일부 휴민산들이 멤브레인 표면으로부 터 함께 역수송 되어 유기물질 제거율을 증가시킨 것으로 사료된다.

RTG (Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator) is a power generation system producing electricity by converting the thermal energy gained from shielding radioisotope. RTG generates power without being charged from outside and as it utilizes radioisotope, RTG mainly serves as an energy source operated for a specific purpose in environment hardly accessible by human. Its design structures vary according to its purpose of operation, thermal source of operation and environment of operation. Since RTG is a power generation system, it should have the highest power efficiency with limited heat source. In this study, heat transfer analysis was implemented to investigate diverse design factors influencing the insulation system of RTG for aerospace use. Design factors considered in this study were silver coating, number of radiation shields inside vacuum insulation and supporter material. As a result, it was found that, depending upon design factors, insulation efficiency increased by 9.3% and finally insulation efficiency of RTG v2.0 was estimated at 84.3%.

Relatively low efficiency in anaerobic digestion process is mainly caused by unproper mixing method. In this study, tray motion type agitator was applied in actual anaerobic digestion tank in order to improve the digestion efficiency, equalize the flow velocity distribution and energy saving. The impeller of tray motion type agitator was reciprocated vertically. Gas lift type agitator and tray motion type agitator appears almost same mixing efficiency include digestion rates. However, tray motion type agitator have shown that lower energy consumption compared to the conventional gas lift type agitator. Implementation of tray motion type agitator in the anaerobic digestion tanks contributed to the stabilization of mixing environment, efficiency and energy efficiency of the tank.

The analytical investigations of the filtering efficiency with multi-layered stainless screen filter, which is designed to generate swirling stream of micro metal dust from industrial manufacturing processes, were conducted. Compared to general filter dust collecting using bag filter, it can be expected that the metallic screen filters in this study enable the higher dust collecting efficiency of a system to be maintained even under harsh filtering conditions. The CFD analysis includes dust particles behavior, filtering efficiency, and pressure loss in the flow-field. The results show that the proposed 16 layered screen filter is able to collect 10 microns metal dust up to 97 % under 487.84 ㎩ differential pressure.

Modified coagulants were investigated for the removal of phosphorus from secondary effluent of wastewater treatment. The modified coagulants were prepared by mixing alkali earth metal ions such as calcium and magnesium. The basicity of a coagulant influenced on the removal of phosphorus, and coagulants with basicity of 5.9% showed a better removal of total phosphorus than that of 38.5%. Also, coagulants with alkali earth metals enhanced the performance of coagulation by 10% and resulted in 67.1% for total phosphorus removal. Moreover, the removal of suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand was improved using coagulants with low basicity and earth metal ions. Results of this study demonstrated that the use of coagulants with low basicity, and calcium and magnesium ions is recommended to improve wastewater effluent quality.

A membrane module including grid was designed and introduced to MBR (membrane bio-reactor) for the purpose of better control of membrane fouling. It could be anticipated that the grid enhances the shear force of fluid-air mixture into the membrane surface by even-distributing the fluid-air to the membrane module. As MLSS concentration, packing density which is expressed in the ratio of the housing and the cross-sectional area of membrane fibers (Am/At) and air-flow rate were changed, membrane foulings were checked by monitoring fouling resistances. The total fouling resistance (Rc+Rf) without grid installation (i.e., control) was 2.13×1012 m-1 , whereas it was reduced to 1.69×1012 m-1 after the grid was installed. Regardless of the grid installation, the Rc+Rf increased as the packing density increased from 0.09 to 0.28, however, the increment of resistance for the grid installation was less than that of the control. Increase in the air flow rate did not always guarantee the reduction of fouling resistance, indicating that the higher air flow rate can partially de-flocculate the activated sludge flocs, which led to severer membrane fouling. Consequently, installation of grids inside the housing have brought a beneficial effect on membrane fouling and optimum air flow rate is important to keep the membrane lowering fouling.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the change of wind velocity and processing efficiency of sulfuric compounds and more complex odors. The research was conducted in a facility specializing in odor prevention applications using upgraded existing research equipment (from 30 CMM to 200 CMM) on wastewater treatment. The research equipment was installed with the purpose of removing odor from the wastewater treatment (Pasteur Factory) located in Hoengseong-gun, GangWon. To investigate the treatment efficiency of hydrogen sulfide test samples were evaluated with different blower installation positions and changes in wind speed. The wind speed at the static pressure is about 1.70~2.08 times faster than that of the static pressure, although the blower power is different. The efficacy of sulfur compounds and complex odor treatment was 91.27% and 95.20%, respectively. The study results show that it is necessary to review the design point of wind speed due to the increase in facility scale. In addition, considering the characteristics of complex odor, it is necessary to consider additional surcharges. It was determined that the facility plan for odor prevention in relation to wind velocity will be reexamined. Ongoing research will also be considered to help identify any disadvantages and solutions for the ventilator positioning, which is currently installed in the back.

Bloom of small centric diatom Stephanodiscus is quite occasional in winter season in temperate freshwater ecosystems. It often leads to degradation of water quality and affects the quality of supplied drinking water. In a previous study, we have found that naphthoquinone (NQ) 4-6 derivate is an effective tool for efficient mitigation of natural S. hantzschii blooms. In the present research, polylactide (PLA) and agar foam were used as immobilized agent for NQ 4-6 to improve the efficiency of NQ 4-6 compound releasing process for its application under various field conditions. Mesocosm experiments at 10 ton scale suggested that the abundance of S. hantzschii was continuously increased in the control and upon treatment of the mesocosm with immobilized NQ 4-6 from PLA and agar foam. Their algicidal activities were 78.8% and 77.1%, respectively, on S. hantzschii after 10 days. In the mesocosm experiments, the dynamics of biotic (bacteria, HNFs, ciliates, zooplankton) and abiotic (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, nutrients) factors remained unaffected. They exhibited similar trends in the control and treatment groups. Therefore, the immobilized NQ 4-6 from PLA and agar foam has potential to be used as an alternative algicidal substance to effectively mitigate natural S. hantzschii blooms under various field conditions. In addition, it not only can be used to control S. hantzschii, but also is an effective technique. The immobilized NQ 4-6 showed stable controlled release in desired system.