The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of microencapsulation on the water absorption, DPPH radical scavenging activity (DRSA), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA) and tyrosinase inhibition activity (TIA) in corn silk extracts. The lowest value (0.20) of water absorption index (WAI) and the highest value (95.23%) of water solubility index (WSI) were maltodextrin+cyclodextrin microencapulated corn silk extracts (MD+CD) and cyclodextrin encapulated corn silk extracts (CD), respectively. The 18.60% for DRSA value of control was increased to 89.25% for that of CD. The 16.89% for HRSA value of control was increased to 47.46%, and 7.16% for TIA value of control was increased to 39.35% for that of MD+CD, respectively. The MD+CD would be used for functional food and cosmetics materials as antioxidant and skin whitening agents. All investigated responses between control and treatment were statistically significant (p<0.05).

본 연구는 옥수수수염 추출 후 미세캡슐화 과정에서 피복제의 종류에 따른 생리활성을 대조군과 비교분석하였다. 에탄올 추출 후 Celluclast 1.5L FG 효소처리를 한 시료를 핵물질로 사용하였으며 피복물질로는 말토덱스트린(MD), 사이클로덱스트린(CD), 말토덱스트린과 사이클로덱스트린(MD-CD)을 1:1로 혼합한 세 가지 피복물질을 이용하였다. DPPH radical 활성 측정 결과 대조군은 18.60%이었으며 미세캡슐화 처리군에서는 79.40-89.25%로 나타났고 CD 처리군은 대조군에 비하여 약 4.8배 높은 값을 보였다. Hydrogen peroxide 소거 활성에서는 대조군은 10.03%로 나타났으며 CD 처리군이 30.93%로 가장 높았으며 MD-CD 처리군이 25.64%, MD 처리군이 21.55%로 각각 나타났다. Hydroxyl radical 소거활성 측정 결과 대조군에서는 16.89%이었으며 MD-CD 처리군이 47.64%로 가장 높았으며 CD 처리군과 MD 처리군이 각각 41.89와 37.50% 순으로 나타났다. Elastase 저해활성 측정 결과 대조군의 경우 43.78% 저해활성을 보였으며 MD 처리군이 처리군 중 가장 높은 48.50%로 나타났다. Tyrosinase 저해활성에서는 대조군은 7.16%로 낮은 활성을 보인 반면 MD 처리군이 40.42%로 가장 높았다. 모든 분석 치에서 대조군과 처리군 간에 5%내에서 유의적 차이를 보였다.

본 연구는 옥수수수염 추출 후 미세캡슐화 과정에서 피복제의 종류에 따른 이화학성질을 대조군과 비교분석하였다. 에탄올 추출 후 Celluclast 1.5L FG 효소처리를 한 시료를 핵물질로 사용하였으며 피복물질로는 말토덱스트린(MD), 사이클로덱스트린(CD), 말토덱스트린과 사이클로덱스트린(MD-CD)을 1:1 로 혼합한 세 가지 피복물질을 이용하였다. 주사전자현미경으로 1,800배 확대한 후 표면미세구조를 분석한 결과 대조군의 표면은 구형의 상태로 확인 되었으나 캡슐화 분말의 입자표면구조는 구형이 아닌 다양한 형태로 나타났으며 MD 처리군의 표면미세구조는 거칠게 나타났다. 미세캡슐화 전과 후의 입자분포를 비교하여보면 대조군의 평균 직경인 28.84μm에서 MD, CD, MD-CD 미세캡슐화의 경우 각각 5.67, 3.61, 3.85μm로 작아졌다. 미세캡슐화 분말의 수분흡수지수 및 수분용해지수의 경우 대조군의 수분흡수지수는 0.68로 가장 큰 값을 보였으며 미세캡슐화 시료는 0.20-0.26이었으며 MD-CD 처리군이 0.20으로 가장 작은 값으로 나타났다. 수분용해지수에서는 대조군이 72.23%로 가장 작았으며 CD 처리군이 95.23%로 가장 크게 나타났다. 총 메이신 함량에서는 대조군의 경우 3752.79 mg/100 g이었으며 미세캡슐화 시료에서는 2338.85-3338.20 mg/100 g의 범위이었고 MD-CD 처리군이 3338.20 mg/100 g으로 처리군 중 가장 높은 함량을 보였다.

Maternal stress was very common symptom that every pregnant women could have experienced during pregnant period. We found that the causative factors of stress for subjects were physical change(50.8%), family relationship(13.6%), change of body image(7.4%), concern baby(6.8%), economic difficulties(6.4%), depress(4.3%), morning sickness(3%), and miscellaneous(3.5%). According to our study, maternal stress during the first trimester negatively correlated with food and nutrients intake of pregnant women and gave low weight gain during pregnancy and low birth weight of infants. It also significantly correlated with monthly income(p〈0.001) and monthly food cost(p〈0.001) during pregnant period. Mean intake of Calcium and Iron were 47~60% of RDA and 35~48 of RDA, respectively. With the Iron supplement the total intake of Iron exceeded 100% of RDA. We also found majority of food items, except seaweeds, fruits and vegetables, were negatively correlated with maternal stress during three trimesters. Additional support system projected by professionals in health-care field could mediate maternal stress and lead to healthy pregnancy outcome.

Since 1982, female agricultural workers are populous than male in Korea. Previous study was suggested that female workers are more sensitive to the agricultural medicine poisoning than male. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the impact on plasma components and nutrient intakes in female agricultural workers by the use of pesticides. Data were obtained from 44 females residing in Wonjoo, Kangwon-do area. Analysis for the general characteristics, nutrient intakes, and plasma components of the subjects were performed by physical examination, 24-hour recall method and venous blood sampling. They were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of the pesticide use: 8 in none(Non-expose group), 14 in low(〈4/yr)(Low-expose group), and 22 in high(≥4/yr)(High-expose group). The results are summarized as follows. Serum glucose, SGOT, SGPT, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol did not correlated with pesticide use and were not different among the groups. But serum total cholesterol was higher in pesticide use group. With increasing the number of pesticide use times, leukocyte count was tended to increased. Eighty two percent of the subjects were hemoglobin less than or equal to 12g/dl. Hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, serum Fe, Serum ferritin belonged to normal range and did not correlated with pesticide use. Intake of energy, Fe, vitamin B2 were lower than RDA. Fe, K, and vitamin A intake were higher in don't use group than the other groups. There are not many differences according to using the pesticide in anthropometric measurements, nutrient intakes, and blood components, except for serum total cholesterol level and some nutrients intake. But these results suggest the need the systemic researches about the effects the pesticide using on nutritional status in Korean agricultural workers.

This study attempted to investigate the effect of housemaker's interest in dietary life on the knowledge of cooking principles and cooking methods, and on the daily meal management. Housemakers whose age ranged from 20 to 50 were surveyed in their residence. The results of this study were as follows. First, the level of interest in dietary life was positively related with ages, education and income levels. Moreover, housemaker who did not work or did not take care of relatives had higher level of interest in dietary life than those who did. Second, most housemakers bought foods and prepared a meal by themselves. The average time spent in preparing meals was 2 to 3 hours, and the number of side dishes cooked per day expect for the main dish was 5.46 percent of the total respondents ate out more than once a month for a 'family tie'. Third, there was no relation between the knowledge of cooking principle and the variables such as ages, education and income levels. Fourth, the level of the knowledge of cooking method about Korean traditional dishes was positively related with ages, education and income levels. In addition, housemakers who did not work or did not take care of relatives had less knowledge of Korean traditional dishes than those who did. Finally, the interest in dietary life was significantly correlated with the knowledge of cooking principle and cooking method of Korean traditional dishes.

This study was carried out to find out the effect of dietary intake on cognitive function retardation in old age using dietary survey and cognitive function test. The subjects were 332 men of 50-94 years old and their activities of daily living were very similar. The cognitive function was tested by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)-K which was translated from MMSE, and the 24-hour recall method was used for dietary survey. Scoring of MMSE-K was a little different from MMSE, that is, in case of no education, one to four points were added to exclude the effect of education which has been considered as a confounder by many researchers. The number of subjects belonging to below 23 of MMSE-K score was increased by increasing age. Even though points were added in case of no education, the ratio of below 23 MMSE-K score group was diminished by increasing education. Therefore, education seems not to be a confounder but a independent variable on cognitive function. Income, past occupation, family type, self-evaluated health status did not play any effect on cognitive function significantly. On the other hand, the correlation between each nutrients and the score of cognitive function test showed that the more consumption of vitamin A and protein, the higher cognitive function score was obtained. In case of iron and Ca, even though it was not statistically significant, there was a tendency of increasing cognitive function score by increasing the intake of those nutrients. This study suggests that micronutrient intakes might be more related to cognitive function than macronutrients.