We report plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy of InXGa1-XN films on c-plane sapphire substrates. Prior to thegrowth of InXGa1-XN films, GaN film was grown on the nitride c-plane sapphire substrate by two-dimensional (2D) growthmode. For the growth of GaN, Ga flux of 3.7×10−8 torr as a beam equivalent pressure (BEP) and a plasma power of 150W with a nitrogen flow rate of 0.76 sccm were fixed. The growth of 2D GaN growth was confirmed by in-situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) by observing a streaky RHEED pattern with a strong specular spot. InN films showedlower growth rates even with the same growth conditions (same growth temperature, same plasma condition, and same BEPvalue of III element) than those of GaN films. It was observed that the growth rate of GaN is 1.7 times higher than that ofInN, which is probably caused by the higher vapor pressure of In. For the growth of InxGa1-xN films with different Incompositions, total III-element flux (Ga plus In BEPs) was set to 3.7×10−8 torr, which was the BEP value for the 2D growthof GaN. The In compositions of the InxGa1-xN films were determined to be 28, 41, 45, and 53% based on the peak positionof (0002) reflection in x-ray θ-2θ measurements. The growth of InxGa1-xN films did not show a streaky RHEED pattern butshowed spotty patterns with weak streaky lines. This means that the net sticking coefficients of In and Ga, considered basedon the growth rates of GaN and InN, are not the only factor governing the growth mode; another factor such as migrationvelocity should be considered. The sample with an In composition of 41% showed the lowest full width at half maximum valueof 0.20 degree from the x-ray (0002) omega rocking curve measurements and the lowest root mean square roughness valueof 0.71nm.

This study aims at developing a new shape damper and suggestion for seismic silo structure, which contribute to increase significantly seismic performance and constructional efficiency. The suggested N.B.B.D system is more likely to adoptable because it remarkably contribute to save inter-story drift also to have many advantages compared with conventional X or K type braced frame.

In case of domestic pyrolysis dry distillation gassification technology, it stays at the stage of its early introduction and development. Moreover, the companies possessed of this technology are limited to Japan and some countries in Europe, and domestic operative performance of this system is nominal, so there exist a lot of difficulties in securing its basic data. In addition, considering its operation and management, there happens a corrosion of metals by the production of corrosive gases in time of combustion of waste, and there arise a problem of occurrence of low temperature corrosion on exterior casing or gas ducts of a combustion chamber due to the high temperature corrosion around the burner of an incinerator, lowering the durability of an incinerator. Therefore, this study looked at the problems arising in time of incineration by understanding the characteristics of the pyrolysis dry distillation gassification incinerating facility, and did research on the improvement plan for durability of an incinerator for more economic, efficient waste incineration.

We report growth of epitaxial AlN thin films on c-plane sapphire substrates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. To achieve two-dimensional growth the substrates were nitrided by nitrogen plasma prior to the AlN growth, which resulted in the formation of a two-dimensional single crystalline AlN layer. The formation of the two-dimensional AlN layer by the nitridation process was confirmed by the observation of streaky reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) patterns. The growth of AlN thin films was performed on the nitrided AlN layer by changing the Al beam flux with the fixed nitrogen flux at 860˚C. The growth mode of AlN films was also affected by the beam flux. By increasing the Al beam flux, two-dimensional growth of AlN films was favored, and a very flat surface with a root mean square roughness of 0.196 nm (for the 2 μm × 2 μm area) was obtained. Interestingly, additional diffraction lines were observed for the two-dimensionally grown AlN films, which were probably caused by the Al adlayer, which was similar to a report of Ga adlayer in the two-dimensional growth of GaN. Al droplets were observed in the sample grown with a higher Al beam flux after cooling to room temperature, which resulted from the excessive Al flux.

We report the structural characterization of BixZn1-xO thin films grown on c-plane sapphire substrates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. By increasing the Bi flux during the growth process, BixZn1-xO thin films with various Bi contents (x = 0~13.17 atomic %) were prepared. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed the formation of Bi-oxide phase in (Bi)ZnO after increasing the Bi content. However, it was impossible to determine whether the formed Bi-oxide phase was the monoclinic structure α-Bi2O3 or the tetragonal structure β-Bi2O3 by means of XRD θ-2θ measurements, as the observed diffraction peaks of the 2θ value at ~28 were very close to reflection of the (012) plane for the monoclinic structure α-Bi2O3 at 28.064 and the reflection of the (201) plane for the tetragonal structure β-Bi2O3 at 27.946. By means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using a diffraction pattern analysis and a high-resolution lattice image, it was finally determined as the monoclinic structure α-Bi2O3 phase. To investigate the distribution of the Bi and Bi-oxide phases in BiZnO films, elemental mapping using energy dispersive spectroscopy equipped with TEM was performed. Considering both the XRD and the elemental mapping results, it was concluded that hexagonal-structure wurtzite BixZn1-xO thin films were grown at a low Bi content (x = ~2.37 atomic %) without the formation of α-Bi2O3. However, the increased Bi content (x = 4.63~13.17 atomic %) resulted in the formation of the α-Bi2O3 phase in the wurtzite (Bi)ZnO matrix.

Incheon Port has many advantages for import of log and timber for furniture. More than 50% of lumber which was imported is through Incheon Port. However, most companies move and set up their business by taking lease of workshop. Because of expensive cost of transportation, it is suggested to construct a lumber Industrial district in the North Port in Incheon. By researching the national plans about the North Port and Incheon Ports, an adequate acquaintance of lumber industry in Incheon has been realized. ills study conducted the economic effect analysis for lumber industry clustering and the necessity of cluster composition is derived. Then effectiveness analysis for lumber industry cluster composition is sequentially operated.

In a bi-fuel engine using gasoline and LPG fuel, with the current ignition timing for gasoline being used, the optimum performance could not be taken in LPG fuel supply mode. The ignition timing in LPG fuel mode must be advanced much more than that of gasoline mode for the compensation of its higher ignition temperature. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the ignition spark timing conversion influences the engine performance of LPG/Gasoline Bi-Fuel engine. In order to investigate the engine performance during combustion, engine performance are sampled by data acquisition system, for example cylinder pressure, pressure rise rate and heat release rate, while change of the rpm(1500, 2000, 2500) and the ignition timing advance(5°, 10°, 15°, 20°). As the result, between 1500rpm, 2000rpm and 2500rpm, the cylinder pressure and pressure rise rate was increased when the spark ignition was advanced but pressure rise rate at 20° was smaller value.

본 연구에서는 신형상 층고절감형 합성보에 대한 최적단면을 도출하기 위해 단면성능 계산 프로그램을 개발하여 단면성능에 대해 비교 분석을 하였다. 신형상 합성보는 상부 플랜지 하부에 바닥시스템이 위치하여 전통적인 공법 에 비해 층고절감의 효과와 최적단면으로 설계시 공기의 단축과 비용의 절감은 물론 물량의 감소를 기대 할 수 있 다. 그러나 단면은 기존 H형강 보와 달리 상하 비대칭으로 중립축의 위치가 중앙에 위치하지 않기 때문에 상하연 단에 대한 단면계수가 같지 않게 된다. 이에 따른 상하플랜지 판요소의 두께비에 따른 매개 변수적 분석이 요구된 다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 단면의 상부 플랜지 두께에 대한 하부 플랜지 두께의 비에 따른 중립축위치, 단면계수의 변화추이를 분석하여 최적단면을 도출하는데 주목적을 두었다.

In the present study, we developed optimal heat supply algorithm which minimizes the heat loss through the distribution pipe line in group energy apartment. Heating load variation of group energy apartment building in accordance with outdoor air temperature was predicted by the correlation obtained from calorimeter measurements of whole households of apartment building. Supply water temperature and mass flow rate were conjugately controlled to minimize the heat loss rate through distribution pipe line. Group heating apartment located in Hwaseong city, Korea, which has 1,473 households divided in 4 regions, was selected as the object apartment for verifying the present heat supply control algorithm. Compared to the original heat supply system, 10.4% heat loss rate reduction can be accomplished by employing the present control algorithm.

The conventional RC flat plate slab system have many good features, which are design flexibilities, saving of story-height and economy of construction etc. But the study of flat plate slab system for H-steel or SRC column have been rare both at home and abroad. Main topics in this study is a new structural detail for connection between H-Steel or SRC column and flat plate slab. The test for lateral performance of connection between H-Steel or SRC column and flat plate slab was carried out. From the test results structural characteristics - yield moment, yield rotation, maximum moment, deformation capabilities and so on - are obtained and evaluated.

This study aims at grasping the structural performances of primary anchor assemblage through a nonlinear finite element analysis. Primary anchor unit may be used as one of the connection devices between ALC panel curtain-wall and RC slab or main frame of a building. From the analytical results structural characteristics such as yield strength, initial stiffness and maximum strength are obtained and compared with test results.

본 연구는 Primary Anchor의 비선형 유한요소해석을 통해 구조적 성능을 파악하는데 목적이 있다. Primary Anchor Unit은 ALC 패널 커튼월과 RC 슬래브 또는 주골조 사이에 연결장치로 사용할 수 있다. 항복강도, 초기강성과 최대 하중과 같은 구조적 특성을 구하고 자세히 비교분석하였다.

In this study, we took the census of the project satisfaction level of the employees who have participated in Six Sigma projects. We divided and measured the project satisfaction by the steps of performing the project (team building, execution, ownership

To investigate seasonal variation and species composition by depth layers in the deep sea ecosystem of the East Sea of Korea, bottom trawl survey was conducted at 4 depth layers during spring and autumn from 2007 to 2009. A total of 47 species were collected and were composed of 23 fish species, 9 crustacea, 6 cephalopoda and 9 gastropoda. The main dominant species at each depth layers were Chionoecetes opilio in 300m, Berryteuthis magister in 500m, Chionoecetes japonicus in 700m and 900m. In spring, richness indices (R) showed low value of 2.01 in 500m depth, and high value of 2.16 in 300m depth. Diversity indices (H') showed low value of 1.53 in 300m depth, and high value of 2.09 in 700m depth. Dominance indices (D) showed low value of 0.15 in 700m depth, and high value of 0.31 in 300m depth. In Autumn, richness indices showed low value of 1.48 in 900m depth, and high value of 2.69 in 300m depth. Diversity' indices (H') showed low value of 1.13 in 300m depth, and high value of 2.23 in 700m depth. Dominance indices (D) showed low value of 0.14 in 700m depth, and high value of 0.54 in 300m depth. In spring, similarity analysis in each depth layers showed the difference between 900m and othe depth layer, on the contrary 500m and 700m showed the similarity. In autumn, similarity analyssis in each depth layers showed the difference between 700m and other depth layers, on the contrary 300m and 500m showed the similarity.