본 연구는 자살을 생각하는 학생들의 대학생활 적응, 심리상담 실태, 그리고 자살생각 영향요인을 파악 하고자 한다. 편의표집이나 특정전공자들을 대상으로 할 경우 자살생각 대학생들의 실태를 파악하기 어려 운 제한점이 있다. 따라서 비임상군인 재학생 전수를 대상으로 실시한 실태조사 결과를 분석함으로써 대학 생 자살생각의 심각성을 파악하고자 했다. 본 연구는 서울 소재 A대의 <학생실태 및 요구도 조사>(2021년 5~6월 실시, 재학생의 74.8%인 4,129명 응답)의 데이터를 사용하였다. 본 연구는 응답결과 중에서 기본정 보, 정신건강, 상담, 학교생활에 관한 내용을 중심으로 ‘자살을 생각한 집단’과 ‘자살을 생각하지 않은 집단’ 간의 차이를 비교하여 분석하였다. 자살을 생각한 집단은 혼자 거주하는 비율이 높고, 흡연량이 많고, 스마 트폰 사용 장애를 겪는 나타났다. 그리고 그들은 입학만족도, 전공만족도, 자아존중감 및 교우관계에 대한 만족도가 낮았고, 학업스트레스가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 그들은 교내보다는 교외에서 심리상담을 받 은 비율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 자살생각에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 성별, 학년, 흡연량, 입학만족 도, 학업스트레스, 자아존중감, 심리상담 여부 등인 것으로 확인되었다. 이런 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구는, 심리상담에 대한 접근성을 제고할 수 있는 상담시스템의 구축과 자살위험군에 대한 체계적인 관리시스템의 구축을 제언하였다.

목적 : 서로 다른 디자인의 시표를 사용하여 자각적 원거리 수평 주시시차 교정 값을 비교 및 분석해 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 35명의 시각적 불편함(설문지 기준)을 느끼는 대상자를 선정하였다. MKH 차트, 말렛 유닛, 중심융합자 극점이 있는 차트프로젝터 십자시표를 사용하여 원거리 주시시차 교정 값을 측정하고, 주시시차 교정 전후의 최소 입체각을 측정하였다. 결과 : MKH 차트, 말렛 유닛, 중심융합자극점이 있는 차트프로젝터 십자시표에서 자각적으로 측정된 원거리 수평 주시시차 교정 값은 각각 0.99±0.50 △, 0.31±0.30 △, 0.52±0.46 △으로 측정되었고 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=23.002, p=0.000). 주시시차 교정 전 최소입체각은 85.43±54.68″이었다. MKH 차트, 말렛 유닛, 중심 융합자극점이 있는 차트프로젝터 십자시표를 사용한 주시시차 교정 후에 증가된 최소입체각은 각각 58.00±40.2 1″(t=4.280, p=0.000), 75.14±54.09″(t=3.111, p=0.000), 69.14±50.66″(t=2.503, p=0.000)로 측정되었고 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결론 : 시표의 디자인에 따른 주시시차 교정 값에는 유의한 차이가 있었고, 주시시차 교정 후의 최소입체각은 모든 시표에서 유의하게 향상되었다. 본 연구에서는 서로 다른 디자인의 3가지 시표 중 MKH 차트를 통해 주시시차를 교정한 후 최소입체각이 가장 많이 향상되었다.

This study was performed to investigate the correlation between the primary squamous cell carcinoma in oral cavity (POSCC) and paired metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma in cervical lymph node (MOSCC) via immunohistochemical staining with Ki-67 and p53. The subjects included ten patients (20 specimens) who were diagnosed with OSCC with metastatic lymph nodes from 2010 to 2015 and surgically treated involving neck dissection in Kyungpook National University Hospital. Twenty specimens were stained immunohistochemically with Ki-67 and p53. The degrees of immunostaining by Ki-67 and p53 was evaluated as 0 (no positive cells), weak (1~25% positive cells), moderate (26-50% positive cells) and strong (>50% positive cells). Despite the strong tendency, there was no statistically significant result between expressions of Ki-67 and p53 in POSCC or MOSCC. We found that high expression of Ki-67 was significantly correlated with poor degree of differentiation. Our results suggest that expression of Ki-67 may be a predictable factor for degree of differentiation of POSCC and MOSCC.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) experiments have generally demonstrated that a differentiated cell directly converts into a undifferentiated or pluripotent state. In SCNT experiment, nuclear reprogramming is induced by exposure of introduced donor cell nuclei to the recipient cytoplasm of matured oocytes. Although nuclear reprogramming of cells by the ex-ovo methods is not always consistent or efficient, it has been suggested that a combination of nuclear reprogramming technique may improve the efficiency or frequency of normal development of SCNT embryos. Here we hypothesized that treatment of somatic cells with extracts prepared from GV stage sturgeon's oocytes prior to their use as nuclear donors for SCNT will improve subsequent development. We reported a reversible permeabilization protocol with digitonin to deliver sturgeon oocyte exteact (SOE) to porcine fetal fibroblast cell nuclei ex ovo. Porcine fibroblasts were permeabilized by 4 μg/ml of digitonin for 2 min at 4℃ and then incubated in SOE for 7h at 15 18℃ followed by resealing of cell membrane. As results, no difference was observed in the number of fused couplets or the number of fused couplets that cleaved between the extract treated or control group. However, there was a significantly decrease in the percentage of fused couplets that developed to the blastocyst stage in the SOE treated group (p<0.05). Histone acetylation status was determined using an antibody to acetylation at lysine 9 on histone 3 (H3K9Ac). The intensity of H3K9Ac staining in 1-cell stage NT embryos was significantly increased when treated with the SOE (p<0.05), similar to that in 1-cell stage IVF embryos. In addition, porcine NT embryos reconstructed by using donor cell exposed to SOE prior to cell fusion significantly decreased developmental competence to the blastocyst stage but increased pluripotent gene expressions (Sox2, Nanog and Oct3/4) when compared with those in normal NT embryos (p<0.05).

We have surveyed monthly diversity and seasonal prevalence of Macrolepidoptera in Wol-ak-san [Mt.] for the period of four months from May to August in 2010. Although it is not a part of KLTER/ME and KLPS study in Wol-ak-san conducted in recent few years, this year's data may be comparable with the previous ones as the collection sites and dates are very similar. The three representative vegetations are Quercus mongolica-, Quercus variabilis- and Pinus densiflora-formations, abbreviated as QM, QV and PD, respectively, and we collected exclusively larger moths with bucket-type of light traps for quantified survey. In 2010, as a result, QV showed higher species diversity and specimen number than QM or PD although the differences between QV and QM are very subtle. The result is very similar to the result in 2009. The only difference in 2010 over 2009 is that the number of species, not specimens, has been increased 1.5 times, and this may be caused by the inclusion of July records, which has been usually deleted due to heavy rainy season causing poor collection records. The number of species in Noctuidae was the highest in 2010, about twice more than that in 2009, but the dominant species in 2010 were either Pyralidae (Nacoleia commixta or Bradina geminalis) or Geometridae (Arichanna melanaria). We are still experiencing decline of specimen numbers: 567 specimens collected in 2010 while 651 in 2009 and 874 in 2008, which was already a huge reduction compared to over 2500 specimens in 2007.

This study was designed to improve the sensory characteristics and mitigate the bitter taste of Platycodon gradiflorum. It was aimed at investigating the qualitative properties of fermented P. gradiflorum after repeated steaming and drying treatments. P. gradiflorum was heated for 2 hr at 95℃, being the first and third treatments compared afterwards. Lactobacillus plantarum, at a concentration of 10%, was used as starter culture. As a result, the third steaming process and the addition of starter improved the physical and chemical properties of P. gradiflorum i.e., crude saponin and total polyphenol contents increased significantly. Moreover, P. gradiflorum steamed three times and fermented by L. plantarum showed the higher overall preference score. Our results indicated that the three-time steaming and drying was an effective manufacturing process for the production of high-quality fermented P. gradiflorum. Lactic acid-fermented P. gradiflorum also could have a potential use as a valuable resource for the development of functional products.

The plant Empetrum nigrum, valued in the traditional system of medicine, is well known for its antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. In the present work, the effect of removal of shoot apical meristem (SAM) on shoot proliferation was studied. It was observed that removal of SAM promoted shoot proliferation whereas intact tip resulted in higher survival percentage. Further, the effect of different concentrations of BA on above was also studied. During root formation the effect of light quality after treatment with IBA was investigated. For rooting, continuous red light without IBA resulted in maximum rooting percentage. The above factors when taken into consideration during micropropagation of this endangered plant can result in healthier plantlets. The results show that the species could be successfully conserved by in vitro propagation system.