This study presents the fabrication and application of a graphene-assisted voltammetry platform for the sensitive detection of nitrate ions in PM2.5 (atmospheric aerosols with a maximum diameter of 2.5 μm). The MoS2/ reduced graphene oxide/ glassy carbon electrode ( MoS2/rGO/GCE) was prepared using a simple and efficient electrochemical deposition method. The rationale behind selecting MoS2/ rGO stems from their individual properties that, when combined, can enhance the electrode’s performance. MoS2 offers excellent electro-catalytic activity and selectivity for nitrate ion detection, while rGO provides high conductivity and a large surface area for enhanced sensitivity. The electrochemical performance of MoS2/ rGO/GCE was investigated and compared with MoS2/ GCE and bare GCE using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that MoS2/ rGO/GCE exhibited enhanced electro-catalytic activity, high conductivity, and improved selectivity for nitrate ion detection. The optimal pH value for detecting nitrate ions was determined to be 8.0. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed to investigate the linear range and detection limit of nitrate ions on MoS2/ rGO/GCE, resulting in a linear range from 1 to 300 μM and a detection limit of 0.35 μM. The reproducibility and the stability of MoS2/ rGO/GCE were assessed, showing satisfactory performance. Real sample analysis from Chengdu City showed a strong correlation between the results obtained using MoS2/ rGO/GCE and ion chromatography, highlighting its potential application in monitoring nitrate ions in PM2.5. The findings of this study contribute to the development of a graphene-assisted voltammetry platform for sensitive nitrate ion detection in PM2.5, offering potential benefits for real-time air pollution monitoring and environmental health assessments.

This article delves into the development of Japanese Chinese character variations, and how they fit into the broader study of Chinese characters. By examining the differences between early Japanese kanji and modern Japanese writing systems, as well as the varying approaches of Chinese and Japanese scholars in studying Japanese kanji, we can propose a more fitting classification and naming method better suited to studying Chinese characters. To that end, we take the Wamyō Ruiju Shō (倭名類聚抄) as an example, exhaustively sorting out the situation of variant characters in the manuscript across different eras, and referring to other ancient Chinese dictionaries from the same period. This article introduces concepts like “inherited variants” and “Japan saved variants” to make studying these characters more comprehensive.

Insurance and unit trust (also known as mutual funds) are high-involvement financial products that require investors to hold for long term to gain desired returns. These financial products are also considered unsought products, which require salespeople’s personal touch with their potential customers to make sales. Therefore, the relationship between salespeople and their potential or existing customers becomes crucial in the sales of insurance and unit trust. In theoretical terms, this relationship represents business ties. A strong business ties between the salespeople and the customers enable them to exchange resources and knowledge, and co-create values in their business relationships. Such exchange and co-creation of values are desirable in a business network. Weak ties are irregular and infrequent exchanges, creating structural holes that bring about an opportunity for bridging but have not yet been capitalized.

As Hollywood relies heavily on global markets, it is particularly important for studios to understand how their decisions, including on casts, may affect their movies’ box-office in foreign markets. Anecdotal evidence shows that casting actors with similar facial features may be problematic in foreign markets, often disorienting international audiences.

Cracks are an inevitable problem during the use of materials, and flexible sensors with self-healing capability are of great importance for applications in wearable devices and skin-like electronic devices. This paper prepared self-healing flexible strain sensors by compounding self-healing polyurethane with carbon nanotubes. First, by changing the ratio of disulfide bonds, a good balance between mechanical properties and self-healing efficiency was achieved in the prepared self-healing polyurethane. The most balanced sample reached 12.28 MPa in tensile strength, after 24 h of self-repair at 30 °C, the tensile strength was 7.75 MPa, and the self-repair efficiency was 63.11%; after 24 h of self-repair at 80 °C, the tensile strength was 11.64 MPa, and the self-repair efficiency reached 94.79%. Then the sensors prepared by compounding with carbon nanotubes showed a good electrochemical response, and both slow and fast repeated bending of the finger wearing the sensors yielded significantly different electrical signal changes, and the sensors were cut off and still had the same function after self-repair at 30 °C, demonstrating their excellent potential for applications in soft robots, wearable devices, etc.

공상과학소설(Science-Fiction; 이후 Sci-Fi로 표기)은 미래 세계에 대한 인간의 판타지를 표현하는 장르다. 이는 TV 쇼, 영화, 게임 분야에서 항상 뜨거운 주제였다. Sci-Fi 영화와 Sci-Fi 게임은 대부분 상위권에 오르고 있다. 하지만, 학계에서는 주로 Sci-Fi 영화에서 대한 논의에 더 집중하는 경향이 있다. 예를 들어, <Research on Color Modes of Well-known Contemporary Films(2020)>에 따르면, 최근 몇 년 동안 할리우드 Sci-Fi 영화의 주류 색상은 빨간색과 파란색에서 주황색, 노란색, 파란색, 녹색으로 바뀌었다고 분석하고 있다. 또한, Sci-Fi 영화와 관련된 질적 연구와 연구의 많은 성과가 있었다. 그러나 Sci-Fi 게임의 색조 경향에 대한 연구와 연구 는 매우 부족한 상황이다. 이에 본 논문은 Adams Roberts의 Sci-Fi 소설의 7가지 요소를 사용 한다. 이러한 7 가지 요소에 대한 Metacritic 점수가 사례 선택의 표준으로 사용되었다. 본 연구의 분석 대상으로는<HALO 3>, <Death Stranding>, <Cyberpunk 2077> 등 우수 PC게임 3종이 선정하였다. 또한, 데이터 분석은 NCS 색상 시스템을 기반으로 수행되어 Sci-Fi 게임의 색조 유사성에 대해 논의한다. 마지막으로, 우수한 게임의 색상 적 용에 대한 주요 성향을 결론짓고 요약함으로써, 본 연구는 Sci-Fi 게임의 색상 생산에 대한 몇 가지 이론적 참 조와 기초 데이터를 제공하고자 한다.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were added into the self-healing polyurethane materials as conductive filler, the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes was adjusted, and 1% polyaniline was doped. The conductive self-healing polyurethane composites with different carbon nanotubes content (PU)-1/3/5/8/10 were prepared, and analyzed and tested. The result shows that the permeability threshold value of the composite material is 8wt%, and the comprehensive performance of the composite material PU-8 is the best; the resistance of PU-8 is 1278Ω, PU-8P has a resistance of 1400Ω; using an infrared camera, it can be seen that the material can reach 143.3 °C under the DC current of 0.1A, reaching the temperature condition when the material is repaired; the swelling test shows that the PU-8P equilibrium swelling rate is 177%, the gel content is 52.67%, and there is no dissolution in dimethyl sulfoxide. Solvent stability is better than PU-8;DSC test shows that the glass transition temperature of the soft segment of PU-8P is 43 °C, and the glass transition temperature of the hard segment is − 55 °C, which is not much different from that of PU-8; TG test shows that the epitaxial starting temperature of PU-8P is 365 °C; the observation photo is magnified by a stereo microscope at ten times and the PU-8P sample is cut of in the middle at room temperature, applying a constant voltage of 30 V, the cracks disappeared. The material cracks realized self-healing with electricity, and the repair efficiency reached 20.5%.

This study investigated the arsenide removal by using mesoporous CoFe2O4/ graphene oxide nanocomposites based on batch experiments optimized by artificial intelligence tools. These nanocomposites were prepared by immobilizing cobalt ferrite on graphene oxide and then characterized using various techniques, including small angle X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Artificial intelligence tools associated with response surface methodology were employed to optimize the conditions of the arsenide removal process. The results showed that back propagation neural network combined with genetic algorithm was suitable for the arsenide removal from aqueous solutions by the nanocomposites based on the minimum average values of absolute errors and the value of R2. The optimal values of the four variables (operating temperature, initial pH, initial arsenide concentration, and contact time) were found to be 25.66 °C, 7.58, 10.78 mg/L and 46.41 min, and the predicted arsenide removal percentage was 84.78%. The verification experiment showed that the arsenide removal percentage was 86.62%, which was close to the predicted value. Three evaluation methods (gradient boosted regression trees, Garson method and analysis of variance) all demonstrated that the temperature was the most important explanatory variable for the arsenide removal. In addition, the arsenide removal process can be depicted with pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm, respectively. The thermodynamics investigation disclosed that the adsorption process was of a spontaneously endothermic nature. In summary, this study showed that ANN-GA was an efficient and feasible method in determining the optimum conditions for arsenic removal by CoFe2O4/ graphene oxide nanocomposites.

The investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) system is such a means to an end of further economic development and wider social political goals. With major protective provisions of expropriation against compensation, fair and equitable treatment, national treatment, most-favored-nation treatment, full protection and security and umbrella clause, it helps establish a predictable, transparent, and enforceable legal regime to protect foreign investors’ legitimate expectations and lawful investment. As China intends to attract foreign investments by offering a stable business operation environment, its signing a large number of BITs and FTAs may help reduce political and socio-economic risks, which give states, businesses, and individuals the confidence to work in a coordinated manner. The economic development goal, rule of law strategy, tense US-China relations, ideology of multilateralism and community of common destiny, all add up to China’s inclination to incremental but effective ISDS reform.

In this study, six mainland Chinese designer brands—Xander Zhou, Sankuanz, Sean Suen, Feng Chen Wang, Pronounce, and Angel Chen—were selected that had their works presented at both Chinese and global fashion shows between 2016 and 2021. By analyzing the design characteristics of each brand, it is possible to understand the style characteristics and trends of Chinese menswear designs. A case study approach was adopted utilizing literature data, whereby 1663 photos were collected from the fashion information website POP (www.pop-fashion.com). Changes in Chinese men's image and the menswear market were identified. The design characteristics of modern Chinese menswear are as follows. First, the results from analyzing the target brands show that each brand has a distinct personality. Compared with the traditional or formal style, urban casual and sports styles (based on street style) account for a larger proportion. Second, the boundaries between different styles are becoming ambiguous, and contrasting styles are harmoniously expressed by breaking down boundaries through changes and combinations of colors, materials, and details. Third, after examining the overall trend, 2018 was a watershed point, after which the design trend has changed from either conservative or exaggerated to a practical and everyday style, demonstrating a genderless trend.

The oxygen-rich activated carbon (AC) was facilely developed using petroleum coke as a raw material by KOH activation under the rapid heating rate. The porosity and surface chemistry of ACs prepared under different heating rates were characterized and their adsorption properties for methylene blue (MB) were investigated. The results showed that the AC5 prepared under the heating rate of 5 °C min−1 had the highest surface area compared with the AC10, AC15 or AC20, while the AC20 prepared under the heating rate of 20 °C min−1 consisted of the highest oxygen content and most –OH functional group compares with the other ACs. These indicated that rapid heating rate was against the formation of more developed porosity, however, it was beneficial to producing more oxygen functional groups. As to MB adsorption, AC15 exhibited the maximum adsorption capacity for MB of 884 mg g−1 due to high surface area of 2803 m2 g−1 and high oxygen content of 23.27%. Moreover, despite the fact that AC20 had much lower surface area than the AC5, the AC20 showed higher MB adsorption capacity than the AC5. This was because the AC20 has the highest content of –OH, which was a positive impetus for MB adsorption. Therefore, rapid heating rate was an effective and simple approach to preparing the oxygen-rich ACs for improving the adsorption capacity of MB.

21세기 초부터 중국의 해외관광산업이 많이 활발해졌고, 운남성도 이러한 배경 하에 주변국가와 관광산업분야에서 협력의 폭과 깊이를 넓힐 수 있었다. 중국-미얀마 경제회랑은 중국이 설립 된 두 번째 무역회랑이며 이는 란창-메콩 지역발전에 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 학술계는 운남 및 미얀마 양측의 관광산업을 중심으로 한 협력이 더욱더 활성화 될 거라고 전망하고 있다. 본 논문은 중국-미얀마 경제 회랑 건설을 기반으로 중국 Dehong지역과 미얀마 간의 관광산업협력 현황 및 협력 메커니즘, 인프라 구축, 국경 간 관광 상품 개발 및 관광 서비스 등을 분석하였고, 또한 Dehong과 미얀마 간 관광 협력에 적합한 친환경적인 협력모델을 탐색하였다.

Orthorhombic DyMnO3 films are fabricated epitaxially on Nb-1.0 wt%-doped SrTiO3 single crystal substrates using pulsed laser deposition technique. The structure of the deposited DyMnO3 films is studied by X-ray diffraction, and the epitaxial relationship between the film and the substrate is determined. The electrical transport properties reveal the diodelike rectifying behaviors in the all-perovskite oxide junctions over a wide temperature range (100 ~ 340 K). The forward current is exponentially related to the forward bias voltage, and the extracted ideality factors show distinct transport mechanisms in high and low positive regions. The leakage current increases with increasing reverse bias voltage, and the breakdown voltage decreases with decrease temperature, a consequence of tunneling effects because the leakage current at low temperature is larger than that at high temperature. The determined built-in potentials are 0.37 V in the low bias region, and 0.11 V in the high bias region, respectively. The results show the importance of temperature and applied bias in determining the electrical transport characteristics of all-perovskite oxide heterostructures.

Orthorhombic dysprosium manganite DyMnO3 with single phase is synthesized using solid-state reaction technique and the crystal structure and dielectric properties as functions of temperature and frequency are investigated. Thermally activated dielectric relaxations are shown in the temperature dependence of the complex permittivity, and the respective peaks are found to be shifted to higher temperatures as the measuring frequency increases. In Arrhenius plots, activation energies of 0.32 and 0.24 eV for the high- and low-temperature relaxations are observed, respectively. Analysis of the relationship between the real and imaginary parts of the permittivity and the frequencies allows us to explain the dielectric behavior of DyMnO3 ceramics by the universal dielectric response model. A separation of the intrinsic grain and grain boundary properties is achieved using an equivalent circuit model. The dielectric responses of this circuit are discerned by impedance spectroscopy study. The determined grain and grain boundary effects in the orthorhombic DyMnO3 ceramics are responsible for the observed high- and low-temperature relaxations in the dielectric properties.

Isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber was successfully prepared from tetrahydrofuran-soluble fraction of coal tar pitch cocarbonization with petrolatum by air-blowing. The effects of reaction temperature and time, amount of petrolatum added on the composition and spinning properties of resultant pitches were investigated. It indicated that petrolatum could effectively improve the softening point, aromaticity, hydrogen content and molecular weight of the resultant pitches by promoting cross-linking and dehydrogenation polymerization reactions at low air-blowing temperature. Moreover, more aliphatic and naphthenic structures had been introduced into resultant pitches as addition of petrolatum and also inhibited the generation of quinoline-insoluble particles. The obtained green fibers were facile to be stabilized and carbonized and the resultant carbon fibers showed fully isotropic and finer, uniform diameter with smooth surface and higher tensile strength of up to 0.92 GPa. It provided a facile chemical modification method for isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber production.

Hay-making is one of the most common way for forage preservation in livestock industry. The quality and production of hay could be affected by various factors. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of tedding time and frequency on drying rate and feed value of forage rye (Secale cereale L.) hay. Rye was harvested on heading stage using mower conditioner. Hay was tedded at each set hour(09:00, 13:00 and 17:00) and sampled at each set hour to determine dry matter (DM) content. After two months’ preservation, CP (crude protein), ADF (acid detergent fiber), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), IVDMD (in vitro dry matter digestibility), TDN (total digestible nutrient), RFV (relative feed value), DM loss, visual scores and total fungi count were determined for estimation of hay quality. Tedding was necessary for both speeding up drying rate and improving forage quality. Tedding at 17:00 showed lower NDF content (p<0.05), and also higher RFV value was found compared with tedding at 9:00 and 13:00 (p<0.05). On the other hand, it was observed that more DM losses would be found when tedding later (p<0.05). Tedding in 1~3 times per day were lower in ADF and NDF content (p<0.05), increased CP, TDN and RFV (p<0.05), got less DM loss (p<0.05), and contained less fungi during conservation compared with no tedding (p<0.05). On the other hand, tedding too frequent caused more DM loss (p<0.05). In conclusion, for shorter drying process and higher quality of forage rye hay, tedding at 13:00∼17:00 for 1∼2 times per day was recommended in this study.

A new deformation micromechanism operating in the carbon cathode for aluminum electrolysis termed a ripplocation has been proposed in this paper. The creep deformation of semi-graphitic cathode was measured using a modified Rapoport equipment at 965 °C with cryolite ratio = 4.0. The characteristic of the defect was obtained by analyzing TEM photograph of the carbon cathode with different testing times. The results indicated that basal dislocations, bulk ripplocations, kink bands and delamination cracks appeared in succession in the first two stages of the creep deformation. Ripplocations in the carbon cathode make a layer of carbon atoms to glide relative to each other without damaging the in-plane bonds. Ripplocations could also attract each other and result in kink boundaries. The creep strain of the carbon cathode could be accommodated by kink band and delamination cracks during aluminum electrolysis. A more comprehensive understanding of their micromechanics behaviors is very important and could deeply influence our current knowledge of the deformation mechanism of the carbon cathode for aluminum electrolysis.

Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus, is the main pest that mediates pine wilt nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, that causes serious damage to pine forests. In this study, we studied the strategy to control M. alternatus using entomopathogenic fungi. The fungi were collected from soil by an insect-baiting method and two fungal isolates (Metarhizium anisopliae JEF-197 and JEF-279) showed high virulence against M. alternatus. The Metarhizium isolates were evaluated for insecticidal activity against M. alternatus by spray treatment on live pine trees and wintering trees, and the M. anisopliae JEF-197 showed high insecticidal activity. In addition, the interaction of fungi and M. alternatus were analyzed by RNA-seq. This result can contribute to the development of insect control agents using entomopathogenic fungi.