심지재배방법을 이용하여 감자 상위급종서의 대량생산기술을 개발하고자 경삽플러그묘를 SP2, PP2 2종류의 배지와 5종류의 심지수(폭 1.5cm, 길이 40cm)를 처리한 스치로폼 베드(길이 51×폭 31.5×높이 20cm, 0.032m3 )에 정식, 재배하여 배지의 물리성과 생육형질을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수확직후 총공극량은 SP2배지와 PP2배지간에 차이가 없이 83-85% 수준이었다. 가비중은 배지별로는 Jeju scoria가 혼용된 SP2배지가 0.27g. mL1로 높은 비율을 나타내었으며 심지수간에는 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. 2. 수확직후 배지내의 수분함유량은 SP2배지보다 PP2배지가 높았으며 심지수간에는 심지수가 많아질수록 55%에서 70%까지 함량이 많아지는 추세를 보였다. 3. 감자 지상부의 생육형질은 심지수가 많아질수록 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 1m2 당 총서중과 괴경평균수량은 SP2배지와 PP2배지 모두 심지수 6개에서 가장 높았다.

본 연구에서 간편 고효율 습해 저항성 검정법을 개발하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 동계습해와 춘계습해의 주요 유발요인의 조절이 용이한 수경재배 조건을 이용하여 산소, 양분 및 유기산의 농도가 보리 유묘의 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 배양액의 질소가스 통기처리에 의해 유도되는 혐기조건이 보리 유묘의 생육을 저하시키며 생육감소정도는 근장 그리고 근생체중 순으로 크게 나타났다. 2. 조사시기에 따라 양분 결집 처리에 따른각 조사형질의 반응이 다르나. 지상부 길이와 생체중이 양분결핍처리에 의해 감소하는 경향이었다. 양분결핍조건에 대한 반응은 지상부 형질이 지하부 형질보다 더 민감한 경향이였으나, 그 감소 정도는 크지 않았다. 3. 보리의 생육은 CA 처리에 의해 감소하였으며 CA 농도 가 높을수록, 처리기간이 길수록 감소정도가 컸다. 4. 생육은 혐기 및 양분결핍복합처리 조건에서 감소하였는데, 그 경향은 처리 7일 후에 가장 뚜렷하였으며 처리일수가 경과할수록 복합처리효과는 감소하는 경향이었다. 혐기 및 양분결핍처리에 의한 생육감소정도가 가장 큰 형질은 근장이었다. 5. 혐기와 양분결핍복합처리에서 생육저하효과는 혐기처리 효과가 양분처리효과보다 큰 경향이었다. 혐기와 양분결핍처리의 상호작용효과는 처리 14일 근생체중과 근건물중에서만 인정되었다. 6. 인위적 혐기조건에 대한 각 조사형질의 품종별 평균 감소율의 차이는 l1-19%이었으며, 올쌀보리의 감소율이 가장 낮고, 올보리가 가장 높은 경향이었다. 보리의 생육반응으로 보아 품종간 반응차이가 가장 민감하게 나타나는 것으로 평가된양분부족 +N2 척리 +CA 3mM 조건에서의 각 품종별 유묘형질의 평균 감소율은 올쌀보리＞내한발보리=흰찰발보리＞찰발보리＞두원찰발보리＞올보리 순으로 낮았다.eo, Daeyabyeo, Hwamyeongbyeo, 방eongsanbyeo, Dongjinbyeo) and two medium maturing cultivays (Donghaebyeo, Gumobyeo2). The rest cultivars were tore off by 1/10∼1/2 ELL. In yield components, the longer was flag leaf damage, the lower was ripened grain ratio, grain weight and brown/rough rice ratio, which was severly impacted to late than to ordinary season cultivation. However, rice yield did not decrease up to tearing by 1/10 ELL. Head rice ratio decreased from flag leaf tearing over 1/10 ELL in late season cultivation. The longer was flag leaf damage, the lower was eating quality, which could not show significantly different.the medium of Tang's costumes. the product category could be set up the population clearly.의 무게와 부피는 24주간 다소 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 통계적인 유의차는 없었다. 냉동저장 감자의 무게와 부피 변화는 48주간 전혀 없었다. 상온 냉장저장 감자의 조직의 강도(hardness)는 24주간 다소 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 냉동저장 감자는 48주간 hardness의 변화가 전혀 없었다. Frozen mashed 감

The seedlings of yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia Poeppig ＆ Endlicher), which were cuttings, plug seedling (PS), crown bud before sprouting (CBBS), crown bud after sprouting (CBAS), and divided seedling after budding (DSAB) were planted at 70~times 50 cm planting distance on ridge; that was interow spacingintrarow spacing, and about 28,500~pm 71 plants/ha. CBBS didn't need work and equipment to raise seedlings. PS and DSAB grew taller to 140.5 and 143.3cm, respectively, than others at 150 days after planting. In the changes of plant height, PS and DSAB showed taller than others during growth period, cuttings, CBBS, and CBAS grew rapidly in middle growth stage. Excepting main stem and petiole length, other characters were significant for seedling. Fresh weights were different among seedlings. Even though the yield of plants grown from CBAS and CBBS were lower with 34.7 and 36.4 ton/ha, respectively, than 3.6 ton/ha of DSAB; its yield index were over 95%, hence, those of plants grown from cutting and PS were lower with 73 and 87%, respectively. The ratio of tuberous roots over 200g to total tuberous roots per plant was the highest from DSAB. Most of tuberous roots were under 200g per tuberous root from cuttings. CBBS, CBAS, and DSAB are suitable to use seedlings for high yield of yacono. Yacon plant by DSAB much produced tuberous root of over 200g.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of turf grass growth to seedling rates and bed soil types. The results of this experiment were summarized as follows; the more increasing the seedling rates, the plant height and leaf length were longer, but the number of leaf and number of branch were fewer. Incase of transplanting of turf grass seedling by rice transplanting machine, it might be considered that the proper alternative bed soil was sandy loam soil with regarding to the economic aspects. The maximum seedling rate of turf grass in the seedling tray for rice was 1,000 of seedling amount due to the nutrient competition with intensive seedling. As the results indicated, it might be recommended that the proper alternative bed soil was sandy loam soil with 1,000 of seedling rates in case of transplanting of turf grass seedling by rice transplanting machine.

The effects on photosynthesis of NaCl(0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 or 1.0 M) were examined in etiolated barley seedlings. Chlorophyll(Chl) a, Chl b and carotenoid contents, Chl a fluorescence and quenching coefficients of Chl fluorescence have been determined in the primary leaves of etiolated barley seedlings cultivated under low light(60 μ㏖ m-2s-1). Chl a, b, and carotenoid contents were decreased remarkably in comparison with the control at 0.4 M NaCl. However, the value of Fo and Fv were decreased at 0.6 M NaCl and the ratio of Fv/Fm were deceased at 1.0 M NaCl. Chlorophyll synthesis was seriously inhibited from 0.4 M NaCl, and the photosynthetic electron transport system was inhibited from 0.6 M NaCl. Quantum of photosystem II reaction center was inhibited at 1.0 M NaCl. The effects of NaCl on the Chl content were raised in a 6 hrs, but the effects of NaCl on the value of Fo, Fv and Fv/Fm were raised in 30 hrs. The value of qP was decreased in comparison with the control at all concentrations, but there was a small change in the value qE. These results provide evidence that NaCl inhibited effects of various concentration of NaCl were inhibited quinone redox, however, proton gradient between thylakoid membranes was little damaged.

본 연구 결과 2000년 지역적으로 재배적 환경이 다른 수원, 안동, 영주의 백출 재배 포장에서 발생한 이병주들과 토양 시료로부터 SS-배지와 Jee-배지를 이용하여 분리된 균들은 백출 역병의 원인균인 P. drechsleri로 확인되었다. 이들 분리균 들은 격막이 없는 다량의 팽윤균사를 형성하며, 10% V8A 배지에 배양한 경우 PDA배지에 배양한 경우보다 빠른 균생장 속도를 보이며 5℃이하와 40℃이상에서는 전혀 균 생장이 이루어지지 않았다. 10% V8A 배지에서 균을 배양한 후 멸균수와 함께 균질화한 균사-유주자 현탁액을 접종원으로 하여 다량의 유묘에 접종한 결과 5.0%~26.4%와 23.5%~72.2%로 다양한 병반율과 이병주율이 확인되어 효과적인 병원성 검정이 이루어 졌다. 안동지역의 토양시료로부터 분리된 P-A200073 균주와 수원지역의 이병주 뿌리로부터 분리된 P-9755가 병원성이 높아 각각 26.4%~63.2%와 25.1%~72.2%의 병반율과 이병주율을 보였으나 무처리구의 경우 이병주가 발생하지 않았다. 접종 이병주의 조직으로부터 균 재 분리를 시도한 결과 대부분의 뿌리와 땅 가줄기에서 P. drechsleri가 분리되었으나 병반을 보이는 상위 줄기와 엽 조직으로부터는 균이 분리되지 않았다.

This study conducted to elucidate the change of the cation content (Na+ , K+ , and Ca2+ ), the L-proline content, and the sugar and starch content in the stems, roots, and leaves of three cultivars of the 30 days old seedling soybeans (Glycine max L. cv. Danwonkong, Hwang-keumkong, and Kwangankong) after 100 mM NaCl stress containing 1/2 Hoaglands nutrient solution in the sand culture. The reduction of the dry matter weight after 100 mM NaCl treatment among cultivars was higher in the order of Kwangankong, Danwonkong, and Hwang-keumkong. The highest reduction of the dry matter weight was occurred at the roots among three parts of plant. The Na+ content increased with NaCl treatment in overall and specially greatly increased in roots and stems. The K+ and Ca2+ content decreased with NaCl treatment at the roots and stems. The K+ content, however, at the leaves increased in all three cultivars with the NaCl treatment. The L-proline content with NaCl stress increased greatly. The increment of the L-proline content at the stems and roots of Hwangkeumkong was lower than that of other two cultivars, K wangankong and Danwonkong. The sugar content decreased with NaCl treatment at the stems and leaves. The starch content also decreased at the stems and leaves with NaCl treatment.aCl treatment.

This study was conducted to evaluate the drought tolerance of Japonica and Indica rice cultivars during germinating and seedling stages by using the polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution. Each 5 cultivars of Japonica and Indica were cultured from 14 days after seeding(DAS) to 21 DAS using the PEG solution in a moderate water potential (-0.63 MPa). The lengths of radicle and plumule during the germinating stage were inhibitied by the PEG treatment to about 50% and 85%, respectively. The application of PEG to the seedling of two rice types caused to inhibit the plant height and leaf age about 23 % and 10%, respectively. Shoot and root dry weights by PEG treatment were inhibited more severely in Japonica than those in Indica. The difference on delaying of leaf area expansion between both rice types was not found with treatment of PEG, while the leaf color was increased in both Japonica and Indica by 19.9% and 9.2%, respectively. The average photosynthetic ability was inhibited more in Japonica to 36.0% than did Indica to 27.9%. The stomatal conductance was severely affected by PEG treatment, and the degree was varied in both rice types, ranged with 80-85% in Japonica and 29.3-81.6% in Indica. These results indicate there is little relationship between seed germination and seedling growth under the stress of low water potential.

This study was conducted to determine the effects of NaCl stress on nitrogen, NH4+ , and NO3- content of 4 barley cultivar seedlings that were cultured for 10 and 30 days with different NaCl levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM) contain-ing 1/4 Hoagland solutions. The sodium ion content in the shoot of barley seedlings sharply increased with an increase of NaCl concentration. After 30 days of NaCl treatment, the sodium content of the shoot at 150 mM NaCl was 27 times higher than in non-saline conditions. The sodium content in the root linearly increased with increasing NaCl concentration. Nitrogen content in the shoot linearly increased with increasing NaCl concentration, but nitrogen content in the root declined above the point where the Na+ content was 3.0 mM/g Na+ in the barley seedling. NO3- content also decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. NH4+ content in the shoot decreased with NaCl condition, but its content in the root increased with NaCl condition. A positive correlation between NO3- and NH4+ content was found in the shoot, but their relationship was negative in the root.

This study was conducted to elucidate the changes of photosynthetic ability and cation content in barley cultivar seedlings cultured for 10 and 30 days with different NaCl concentrations containing 1/4 Hoagland solutions. At the highest NaCl concentration, the weight of dry matter and the shoot/root ratio (S/R ratio) were decreased. Thus, shoots were affected more than roots by NaCl treatment. The S/R ratio decreased more in 'Neulssalbori' than in 'Bunong' by the NaCl treatment. The. internal Na+ concentration increased greatly with the highest NaCl concentration, but K+ concentration in plants decreased with the highest NaCl treatment. The Ca2+ concentration had a small change with NaCl concentrations. Thus Na+ /K+ and Na+ /Ca2+ ratios increased with the highest concentration. The chlorophyll content (%/dry weight) of seedlings decreased at higher NaCl levels except for Bunong in 30 day old seedlings. The photosynthetic ability decreased only for Neulssalbori in the 10 days NaCl treatment. The stomatal conductance, and transpiration had decreased in the 10 day old seedlings, but not with 30 day old seedlings.

Test plants with 10 days old primary leaves were indouclated by shaking infected seedlings with sporulating colonies over them in an inoculation room under the conditions of 20±1 ℃ with constant illumination of 2.500 lux and 100% realtive humidity. A seeding reaction of 4 days after inoculation appreared in the trisomic types as opposed to Tri-5B line had been symtoms of a fungus 3 days after inoculation. The infection types of 8 days after inoculation were recognized with higher susceptibility to each trisomics in A genomie than B-genome. Tri-2A line showed less condium and there appeared symptoms of a conditions of mottle and formed papilla, and haustorium was not formed. However, Tri-5B line had much condium one overall leaves and showed a symtom like necrosis compared with normal plant. Moreover, Tri-5B line showed high sensitivity and high germination number of condium. These results inferred that resistant gene located on 2A chromosome and susceptibility gene is located on the chromosome 5B.

Effects of aluminium(Al), soil pH and calcium(Ca) on growth response and heavy metal accumulation and regulation of nitrogen fixation in Melilotus suaveolens seedlings, a biennial legume plant dominating in the disturbed area, were quantitatively analyzed during the growing periods. Accumulation of metals in each organ of M. suaveolens was increased with the lowering of pH. Al contents in leaf and root treated with 30ppm Al at pH 4.2 on the 28th day after treatment were 8 and 11 folds higher than those of control, while the contents with 100ppm Al were 21 and 24 folds as compared to control. The significent inhibition in Al contents was induced by 100ppm Al and Ca at pH 6.5. Increased metals inhibited height at pH 4.2 and the growth inhibition due to Al was reversed by the addition of Ca, suggesting that growth correlates to the pH value. Chlorophyll contents in leaves increased during growth stage were inhibited by Al treatments. The biomass was decreased with the lowering of pH and the increase of concentrations. 100ppm Ca treatment resulted in 5.1-5.9% increase of the biomass as compared to that of 100ppm Al. Specific nitrogen fixation activities in nodules in the 100ppm Al at pH 4.2 and pH 6.5 were reduced to 35. 2% and 52.2% of control, on the 28th day after treatment, while the combination of Al and Ca induced inhibition of activities to 4.6% and 69.9% of control, respectively. Total amount of nitrogen fixation was reduced by 10% as compared to control with the treatment of 100ppm Al at pH 4.2 due to the inhibition of nodule formation. However the stimulative effect of nodule formation was enhanced by the combination of 100ppm Al and Ca and lowering of pH.

The objective of this study was to determine how elevated CO2 and temperature affected early growth and competition between direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa) and a common paddy weed (Echinochloa glabrascens). By using temperature gradient chambers. Rice and E. glabrescens were grown for 5 weeks at ratios of 1:0. 3:1 and 0:1 at three temperatures (16.4℃, 19.8℃, and 22.2℃) and either in ambient (361ppm) or elevated (566ppm) CO2. For both species. elevated CO2 had no effect on mainstem leaf number while air temperature had a slight positive effect which was greater in E. glabrescens than rice. With elevated CO2 rice leaf area index and plant height increased alightly in all species combinations but no increases were observed for E. Glabuescens. For rice in all combinations. elevated CO2 tended to increase the rot and total biomass much more than any other growth parameters: the increases in root and total biomass resulting from elevated CO2 ranged from 16% to 40%. depending on air temperature. At the lowest temperature, the decrease in rice biomass in combination with E. glabrescens was significantly greater at elevated CO2 (18%) than ambient CO2 (3%). At the highest temperature, however, the decrease in rice biomass at elevated CO2 (22%) was less than that at ambient CO2 (36%). The competitive ability of rice as measured by the decrease in biomass when grown in combination with E. glabrescens depended strongly on root growth and/or allocation. These results suggest that at higher temperatures elevated CO2 could enhance the competitive ability of direct seeded rice during early growth. However, at lower temperatures. the competitive ability of E. glabrescens seems to be greater.