본 연구는 인터넷 개인방송의 이용동기와 수용자특성(초기수용자, 후기수용자)에 따른 만족도의차이를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 아프리카TV(AfreecaTV)를 이용하는 10~30대 283명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 분석결과 사용자의 하루 평균 사용시간은 이용동기에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 수용자특성에 따른 인구통계학적 특성차이에서는 학력에서만 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 만족도는 초기수용자의 경우 여가습관, 커뮤니케이션, 오락성, 접근성이 후기수용자는 접근성, 신뢰성, 여가습관, 최신성이 유의미한 요인으로 나타났다.

Purpose - This research examined the effect of hedonic and utilitarian eating-out motivations on the evaluation of restaurant selection attributes in a fashion premium outlet. Additionally, the influence of experimental and functional attributes on customers' preference for hedonic eating-out motives and utilitarian eating-out motives, and variation of moderating effects through the gender was examined. Research design, data, and methodology – A survey was conducted to verify the established research hypothesis. The questionnaire items for the research were modified to fit the situation of the present study. In order to elaborate the questionnaire, the literature of the previous researchers was reviewed and supplemented. The survey conducted 207 online questionnaires for consumers who have visited domestic fashion premium outlets from July 4, 2017 to July 27, 2017. A total of 207 questionnaires were collected, and a total of 206 questionnaires were used for the empirical analysis after excluding one inappropriate response. In order to verify the reliability and validity of the measured variables, exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were performed using SPSS 20.0. Next, the structural equation model (SEM) statistical method was used to test the hypotheses of the study. Results - Hedonic motivation had more influence on experimental attribute importance than the functional attribute importance of the restaurant. However, this result was different depending on the gender. The effects of hedonic motives on empirical attributes were more influenced by female groups, and when influencing functional attributes, male groups were more influenced. However, it was statistically significant (p <0.05) in the female group only when the hedonic eating out motives influenced empirical attributes. Conclusions - This study analyzed the effect of eating-out motivation on the restaurant preference attributes and suggested practical implications. First, customers with hedonic eating-out motivations were evaluating experiential attributes to be more important than functional attributes. Second, for customers who are motivated to use practical eating-out habits, companies should provide services that meet practical and economic needs. In particular, female customers visiting restaurants need differentiated marketing strategies that make them feel new experiences rather than practical ones. In addition, it is necessary to study more complex and integrated studies which will influence restaurant selection attributes of premium outlets customers by adding various eating out motives and selection attributes.

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among narcissism, usage motives, usage behaviors, satisfaction with and continuance intention to use fashion social media. Research design, data, methodology – A questionnaire survey was used to collect data after conducting a pilot test. Based on the reliability test of the preliminary questionnaire used for the pilot test, the questionnaire was revised. The final questionnaires were administered to 238 fashion social media users and 216 were used for the data analysis. To assess the validity of these measures, exploratory factor analysis and the confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Structural equation modeling analysis were employed for data analysis. Results - Five factors of the usage motivation of fashion social media were extracted: information-seeking, relationshipseeking, practicality-seeking, enjoyment-seeking and self-expression motives. The statistical analysis confirmed the influence of the narcissism tendency on all of the usage motives of fashion social media, three of the fashion social media usage motives influencing information diffusion behavior, and the influence of the information diffusion behavior on users' satisfaction and continuance intention to use fashion social media. Narcissism exerted the highest influences on self-expression motive followed by information-seeking, enjoyment-seeking, relationship-seeking and practicality-seeking motives in order. Factors affecting fashion information diffusion behaviors are practicality-seeking motive, self-expression motive, and relationship-seeking motive. The greater the diffusion of information, the higher the satisfaction with using fashion social media. The consumers with higher satisfaction intended to use fashion social media and share information more frequently. Conclusions - The results indicate that narcissism is an important factor in fashion social media usage motivation. The main motives for narcissistic people to spread information is for the practical purpose at the most, and then to express their personality and style, and to build relationship with others. The satisfaction through active information sharing behaviors seems to play a key role to lead high continuance intention of fashion social media. These implies that marketing strategies to satisfy consumers’ narcissism and motives to use social media, and to stimulate the information diffusion behaviors can be used to meet their needs for higher satisfaction with fashion social media.

본 연구는 온라인 FPS(1인칭 슈팅) 게임 소비자의 이용 동기가 몰입과 소비자만족 및 충성 도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 연구결과, 게임 이용 동기는 조작, 관계, 자랑, 스트레 스해소, 흥미의 다섯 가지 요인으로 분류되었다. 몰입에는 이용 동기 중 흥미, 조작, 관계, 스트 레스해소 순으로 정적 영향을 미치고 있었다. 소비자만족에는 관계, 흥미, 조작 순으로 정적 영 향력을 미치고 있다. 소비자만족도에는 이용 동기에서 관계, 조작, 흥미 순으로 정적 영향력을 나타냈다. 몰입은 소비자만족과 충성도에 모두 강한 정적 영향을 미치고 있었다.

본 연구의 목적은 수학에 대한 자기효능감과 내재적 동기에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인을 추 출하고, 이 요인들 사이의 연관성 정도를 알아보는데 있다. 이를 위해 국가 수준에서 수집된 한국교육종단연구(2005) 자료를 데이터 마이닝 기법을 이용하여 분석한 결과, 수학교과에 대한 자기효능감에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인은 내재적 동기, 통제 기대, 초인지이고, 내재적 동기에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인은 자기효능감, 노력과 끈기, 숙달 접근인 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 자 기효능감과 내재적 동기는 수학 이해도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

국제해사기구의 e-Navigation 전략에 포함된 PNT서비스의 신뢰성 향상을 위해 GNSS 부재 시에도 활용 가능한 해사업무용 비동 기식 R-mode인 AIS-TWR 기법을 제안하고 성능을 평가하였다. 기존 정밀 동기에 기반을 둔 동기식 측위 기법과 달리 동기가 되어 있지 않 은 경우에도 메시지 교환을 통해 거리 측정이 가능하도록 AIS시스템 사양에 따른 동작 시나리오 제안 및 오차 요인을 분석하고 관련 식과 알고리즘을 도출하였다. 제안 기법의 성능 평가를 위해 추정 가능 한계를 나타내는 크래머-라오 하한을 제시하였으며 3km의 정적 환경에 놓 인 두 AIS 시스템을 대상으로 AIS-TWR 기법에 의한 시뮬레이션 결과 참 값 대비 약 41m의 추정 오차를 보였다.

This work shows how to create an algorithm and implementation for motion and image matching between a vehicle simulator and Unity 3D based virtual object. The motion information of the virtual vehicle is transmitted to the real simulator via a RS232 communication protocol, and the motion is controlled based on the inverse kinematics solution of the platform adopting rotary-type six actuators driving system. Wash-out filters to implement the effective motion of the motion platform are adopted, and thereby reduce the dizziness and increase the realistic sense of motion. Furthermore, the simulator system is successfully designed aiming to reducing size and cost with adaptation of rotary-type six actuators, real driving environment via VR (Virtual Reality), and control schemes which employ a synchronization between 6 motors and 3rd order motion profiles. By providing relatively big sense of motion particularly in impact and straight motions mainly causing simulator sickness, dizziness is remarkably reduced, thereby enhancing the sense of realistic motion.

목적: 본 연구에서는 한국형 스포츠동기척도(SMS-K)의 타당도를 강화하는 단계로서 구체적으로 살펴보면 운동선수, 생활체육참가자, 남성, 여성들의 스포츠 참여동기를 측정할 수 있는 척도로서 활용가능한지 즉 운동수준과 성별이 상이한 집단에서 SMS-K를 사용할 수 있는지를 확인하는데 목적이 있다. 또한 본 척도를 통해 측정된 동기는 크게 무동기, 외적동기, 내적동기 세 가지 수준으로 나누어지고 아울러 외적동기는 4가지 요인(외적조절, 내사조절, 확인조절, 통합조절)으로 세분화 될 수 있는지를 확인함으로써 외적동기의 위계적 모형을 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 방법: 연구의 참여자는 국내의 대학운동선수 199명과 경쟁적인 스포츠에 참여하고 있는 대학생 175명으로 구성되었다. 자료 분석 방법으로는 측정동일성분석, 잠재평균분석, 확인적 요인분석이 사용되었다. 결과: 첫째, 한국형 스포츠동기척도(SMS-K)가 선수, 일반참가자, 남성, 여성 모두가 동일하게 사용될 수 있는 척도로 검증되었다. 둘째, 운동수준, 성별에 따라 스포츠 참여동기의 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 마지막으로, 외적조절, 내사조절, 확인조절, 통합조절 요인들이 상위의 개념 ‘외적동기’에 내포되었다. 따라서 ‘외적동기’를 일차원 및 이차원으로 볼 수 있음이 검증되었다. 결론: SMS-K의 타당도가 강력하게 확인되었다. 또한 외적동기의 위계적 모형이 검증 되었다.

The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that cause EFL freshman students’ demotivation while learning English in their high school days. Two hundred twenty four freshmen participated in this study. The demotivation questionnaire was administered. The analysis results showed that the most affective factor causing demotivation of English learning was teaching methods which were mainly given for the college entrance examination. In addition, a grammar-centered lesson was the second most influential demotivational factor. Memorizing vocabularies, phrases, and sentences was also reported as the third most affective demotivational factor. The overall and vocabulary score was negatively correlated with factor 1 (test score, lesson pace, self-regulated learning ability, sentence difficulty, understanding of teachers' explanation), factor 5 (learning load, low endurance of uncertainty), and factor 6 (memorization ability, regulation of English learning purpose, chance to communicate). Reading scores were negatively correlated with factor 1 and factor 6, while listening scores were correlated with factor 1. Some educational implications were suggested to design English courses to remotivate students' English learning.

중국의 프리미엄 생수시장은 "웰빙", 프리미엄, 특별함에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 경기불황에도 불구하고 빠른 속도로 성장하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 글로벌 프리미엄 생수 브랜드를 지속적으로 구매하는 호의적인 태도인 소비동기요인기초연구로서 중국시장 소비자를 대상으로 소비동기요인을 정서적 차원 문항과 시각적 차원의 실증분석 문항으로 구성하여 생수 브랜드에 대한 호의적인 동기 요인에 대한 선호도를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 소비동기요인의 정서적 차원 문항인 가격은 7~9$가 적당한 것으로, 구입 장소는 프리미엄 생수이기에 호텔․ 레스토랑에서 구입하는 경우가 많은 것으로, 구입 시 고려사항에 대해서는 브랜드, 가격, 물의 성분, 디자인 순으로 나타났다. 시각적 차원의 실증분석 문항에 대해서는 용기 형태 디자인이 모던하고, 심플한 형태, 색상은 용기 형태와 차별화되는 무채색의 선호도가 높게 나타났으며, 라벨은 역사와 전통성이 있는 형태와 단순한 문자 형태가 선호가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

This paper is a study on the visitor’s motivation and satisfaction to invigorate the Garden Expo that is spreading gradually since it was first held in 2010. 209 visitors of the Gyeonggi Garden Culture Expo, which was held in Gyeonggido Anseong, 2015, were surveyed. As the result of the survey, it was possible to find out that the visitors’ demographical/social economical backgrounds were so diverse the interest of Garden culture was highly popular. As the result of measuring the motivations using Maslow’s needs, the safety needs were the biggest but all 5 needs were shown relatively balanced. Women than men, and older generations than the younger generations showed higher self-actualization needs for creating a garden. The influence of the motivation on satisfaction was the highest in safety needs and self-esteem needs. Thus, it is able to see that in rest-oriented gardens decorated with plants, visitors feel safe and pleasant, while having pride that they are leading high level cultural life rather than mere entertainment. This result indicates the public's interests on what are not only high but also quite positive in Korean society, where Garden Expos are just starting out.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of motivation of choosing a teaching profession with teaching self-efficacy and subjective happiness in youth sports instructors. Methods: A total of 262 participants(males 56.9%, females 43.1%) completed questionnaires to assess motivation of choosing a teaching profession(active motivation, material motivation, passive motivation), teaching self-efficacy, and subjective happiness. The data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, and confirmatory factor analysis with SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 23.0. Results: Results revealed that there were significant differences in material motivation and teaching efficacy between physical education(PE) majors and non-PE majors. Male instructors reported higher material motivation and teaching self-efficacy than female instructors. Structural equation modeling analysis showed teaching self-efficacy mediated the relation between motivation of choosing a teaching profession and subjective happiness. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that youth sports instructors’ motivation of choosing a teaching profession should be considered for their quality of life and the quality of education for youth. Also, the strategy to enhance teaching self-efficacy should be involved in the training program for youth sports instructors.

이공계 분야에서 인문학적 소양을 접목하는 요구가 높아지고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 인문 예술적 성향을 가졌음에도 이공계 분야로 진학할 수밖에 없었던 공학도의 삶 속에 서 나타나는 진학 동기를 살펴보고 진로 모색 과정과 학업 병행에 관한 경험을 질적으 로 이해하는 것이다. 연구자는 연구참여자(현웅)를 대상으로 2009년 12월부터 2010년 10월 사이에 실시한 네 번의 심층면담과 2016년 8월에 실시한 후속 면담을 질적으로 분 석하였다. 연구참여자는 어머니를 봉양해야 하는 현실적인 여건을 고려하여 기계공학과 에 진학하게 되었으며, 그 이후에 직장 경력을 거치면서 점차 컴퓨터 분야에서 학업과 직업을 동시에 추구하는 진로 탐색 과정을 보여주었다. 그 과정에서 그는 학문을 통해 자신의 삶을 조망하는 패턴과 가족 부양에 따른 그만의 진로 모색 과정에서 나타나는 특징을 보여주었다. 연구자는 인문 예술적 소양과 컴퓨터 프로그래밍 작업과의 연계성, 진로모색의 과정에서 나타나는 특징 그리고 사회문화적 맥락과의 관련성으로 나누어 질 적 사례를 묘사하였다.

The purpose of this study is to describe how nature-based ecotourism motivation of ecotourists influences destination image and satisfaction of ecotourists. In order to achieve the above purposes, the study carried out a literature study and an empirical analysis. Based on the obtained data through the literature study, the study designed a model for the empirical study. The results of this study are as follows. First, returns to nature, knowledge. fitness and escape as ecotourism motivation of ecotourist had a positive effect on each ecotourism destination image, such as cognitive and affective image. However, effect of novelty on cognitive image for destination had not significant results. Second, ecotourism destination image, such as cognitive and affective image, had a positive effect on ecotourism satisfaction of ecotourists. The results of the article provide implications for strategies for promoting ecotourism destination and suggest some guidelines for the eco-education of tourists.

Purpose: Using the self-determination theory, this study examined both the mediating effects and the specific indirect effects of the satisfaction of the three psychological needs (need for autonomy, competence and relatedness) and intrinsic motivation in the relation between need support from the physical education (PE) teacher and engagement in PE classes. Method: Participants were 523 high school students (251 males, 272 females) and completed questionnaire assessing perceived need support, need satisfaction, intrinsic motivation and engagement in PE classes. Results: Structural equation modeling analysis showed perceptions of the three need satisfaction partially mediated the relation between need support from PE teacher and engagement in classes. Moreover, the indirect effect of intrinsic motivation was larger than those of the three psychological need satisfaction. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PE teacher is able to promote students' intrinsic motivation by satisfying their needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness. The findings supported the theoretical tenets of self-determination theory as well.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a sport motivation scale and to verify the validity of the developed scale. Methods: 534 athletes and non-athletes participated in this study, and for analyzing data descriptive statistics, Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA), reliability test, correlation analysis. Results: The results of EFA and CFA supported the 6-factor(internal regulation, integrated regulation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, external regulation, non regulation), 24-item Korean version of the sport motivation scale. Internal consistency proven signification. Conclusion: Results support the validity and reliability of Korean version of sport motivation scale based on self-determination theory.

교육 과정에서 동기부여와 몰입유지를 위해 적절한 피드백은 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 현실의 교육 현장에서는 과다한 학생 수, 부족한 수업 시간 등의 문제로 인해 적절한 피드백이 제공되지 못하는 경우가 많다. 본 논문은 앱을 이용한 게임과 같은 피드백이 피교육자에게 어떠한 영향을 주는 가를 분석한다. 이를 위해 브레이브팝스에서 개발한 Class123이라는 피드백 앱을 사용하여 한 학기 간 수업을 운영한 후, 학생들이 앱을 통해 게임과 같은 피드백을 받도록 하였으며, 학습동기와 공정성인식에서 어떤 변화를 보이는가를 조사하였다. 통계 분석 결과를 보면, 앱을 이용한 피드백은 학생들의 학습 동기 향상에 긍정적 영향을 주었다. 특히, 부정적 피드백보다는 긍정적 피드백이 보다 더 중요한 동기 요인으로 작용했음을 알 수 있다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of athletic identity in the relationship between self-determined motivation and exercise physical activity among university students. Methods: In a cross-sectional design, 461 university students (325 males, 136 females) completed a survey assessing behavioral regulation of exercise, athletic identity, and physical activity levels. Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed that relative autonomy index and athletic identity constructs explained 26.4% of the variance in physical activity. Relative autonomy index was a significant predictor of athletic identity and physical activity. Relative autonomy index had a significant indirect effect on university students' physical actvity through importance among the athletic identity constructs. Conclusion: Relative autonomy index or self-determination index and athletic identity may be key sources of exercise and physical activity participation in university students. Especially, importance as one of athletic identity components accounts for additional variance in physical activity participation. This construct can be valuable component of exercise promotion programs for this population.

본 연구는 예비체육교사의 기본적 심리욕구가 체조학습 내적동기 및 목표성향에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 참여자는 J시에 거주하는 사범대학생과 임용고사를 준비하는 체육대학 학생으로 편의표본추출법을 사용하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 총 184부를 연구목적에 맞게 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 다중회귀분석으로 통계처리 하였으며, 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기본적 심리욕구의 하위요인인 자율성, 유능성, 관계성은 체조학습 내적동기의 흥미와 노력에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 체조학습 내적동기의 하위요인인 흥미, 노력은 목표성향의 과제성향과 자기성향에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 기본적 심리욕구 하위요인인 자율성, 유능성, 관계성은 목표성향의 과제성향에 영향을 미치는 것으로 탐색되었다.

Purpose: Grounded on Self-Determination Theory(Deci & Ryan, 2000), the aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal effect of the autonomy-supportive intervention program on student amotivation in the physical education (PE) context. Methods: In the experimentally-based, longitudinal research design, one-hundred twelve students from four classes of two PE teachers were randomly assigned into either the experimental group(n=50) or the control group(n=62). The questionnaires were administered at beginning (Time 1, T1) of and at middle (T2) of the semester. Repeated measure two-way ANOVAs were used to investigate the effects of need-supportive motivating style on student classroom amotivation and academic achievement. Results: As results, students of the teacher in the experimental group showed greater psychological need satisfaction and less PE-specific amotivation-low ability, low effort, unappealing task characteristics, low value, and problematic relationship than did students of the teacher in the control group. Conclusion: These findings showed autonomy-supportive intervention program to prevent students from being amotivated in PE was effective for the teacher to reduce students’ PE-specific amotivation because the teacher could successfully identify, nurture, and develop students’ psychological needs in an autonomy-supportive way.