연산오계는 오래전부터 건강기능 증진 및 치료 효능이 높은 것으로 알려져 왔다. 최근 건강 기능식품 소재로 기능성 펩타이드 효능이 알려짐에 따라, 연산오계 다리육으로부 올리고 펩타이드 최적 생산 공정 및 생성물 특성에 대하여 연구를 수행하였다. 최적 효소가수 분해 공정 표면반응 분석을 이 용하여 수행하였다. 최적 공정 조건을 확립하기 위해서 온도 (40, 50, 60℃), pH (pH 6.0, 7.0, 8.0), 효 소 (1, 2, 3%) 범위에서 수행을 하였다. 생성물에 대한 가수분해도, 유리아미노산, 분자량 분포를 분석 하였다. 효소 가수분해 최적 온도는 58℃, pH 7.5, 효소의 농도는 3% 이었다. 최적 조건에서 2 시간 효소 가수분해를 한 결과 75-80% 이었다. 유리 아미노산 총량은 168.131 mg/100 g 이었다. 분자량를 MALDI-TOF 으로 분석을 한 결과 90% 이상이 300-1,000 Da 분포를 보여주었다.

Human tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is responsible for fibrin-specific plasminogen activation and plays a key role in fibrinolysis thereby aiding breakdown of blood clots in the vasculature. In the present study, in order to develop a system for production of recombinant st-PA and t- PAHis6 proteins in transgenic rice seeds, a DNA fragment encoding t-PA gene was selected and cloned to a plant binary vector (pMJ21) harboring a rice GluB1 promoter, an N-terminal signal peptide of the rice glutelin B1 protein and a Pin II terminator. The constructed plasmid was transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 (pSB1) to facilitate introduction into rice callus. The insertion of the st-PA and t-PAHis6 genes into the genome of transgenic rice seeds and their transcripts were confirmed using PCR, and Southern blot as well as RT-PCR, respectively. The highest level of recombinant st-PA expression as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was found to be 2,916 ng/total soluble protein (mg) in transgenic rice seeds. The amount of recombinant proteins expressed in transgenic plants was estimated to range from 634 ~ 2,916 ng/TSP mg (st-PA) and 925 ~ 2,640 ng/TSP mg(t- PAHis6), respectively. Immuno-blot analysis of transgenic rice seeds revealed single bands of approximately 68-kDa representing recombinant st-PA and t-PAHis6 proteins. These results demonstrate the expression and in vivo activity of recombinant st-PA and t-PAHis6 in transgenic rice seeds. This study is a promising endeavor for production of recombinant pharmaceutical proteins using rice seed system.

In this study, the effect of slit length on the reduction of waste material was studied numerically. At the same time, the tightening axial force between steering shaft and asymmetry pinch yoke was also studied and compared. To achieve this study, the numerical simulation was performed by AFDEX commercial code. The slit length(Ls) of pinch yoke was increased from 25mm to 34mm by the steps with an interval of 3mm. AISI 1025 was applied for the source material of asymmetry pinch yoke. Amount of deformation was applied as much as 0.1mm for tightening the pinch bolt yoke and the steering gear shaft. It was revealed that the stress of steering shaft ear in XX-direction and YY-direction showed the highest value in 34mm and 31mm of slit length cases, respectively. The stress of ZZ-direction has the same value in all cases. The tightening stress between the asymmetry pinch yoke and the shaft of steering gear had the highest value in XY-direction. In additions, when slit length was increased by the steps with an interval of 3mm, the material was more wasted approximately as much as 0.844g. In conclusions, 31mm of lit length was the optimal length in aspect of the tightening stress and the waste material.

This paper presents the approach of design parameters optimization based on Taguchi method for the uniformity of outlet pressure in a plasma discharge chamber. The key issue of a plasma discharge chamber is to have the uniformity of outlet pressure which can make a high performance of surface treatment. To extend the length of a outlet from 60mm to 250mm with the uniformity, This study optimally designed the middle holes, outlet width and height, and diameter of the second chamber by using SolidWorks and flow simulation tool. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.

Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models require that inputs and outputs are given as crisp values. Very often, however, some of inputs and outputs are given as imprecise data where they are only known to lie within bounded intervals. While a typical approach to addressing this situation for optimization models such as DEA is to conduct sensitivity analysis, it provides only a limited ex-post measure against the data imprecision. Robust optimization provides a more effective ex-ante measure where the data imprecision is directly incorporated into the model. This study aims to apply robust optimization approach to DEA models with imprecise data. Based upon a recently developed robust optimization framework which allows a flexible adjustment of the level of conservatism, we propose two robust optimization DEA model formulations with imprecise data; multiplier and envelopment models. We demonstrate that the two models consider different risks regarding imprecise efficiency scores, and that the existing DEA models with imprecise data are special cases of the proposed models. We show that the robust optimization for the multiplier DEA model considers the risk that estimated efficiency scores exceed true values, while the one for the envelopment DEA model deals with the risk that estimated efficiency scores fall short of true values. We also show that efficiency scores stratified in terms of probabilistic bounds of constraint violations can be obtained from the proposed models. We finally illustrate the proposed approach using a sample data set and show how the results can be used for ranking DMUs.

The optimization of brown rice replacement ratio and superheated steam (SHS) treatment conditions in production of extruded rice snack for infants were conducted using a response surface methodology. Experiments were designed using a Box-Behnken design with three independent variables (brown rice replacement ratio, SHS temperature, and SHS time) and two response variables (hardness and water uptake). The second order polynomial model showed a satisfactory description of the experimental results. Optimal conditions for extruded snack with the lowest predicted hardness (2.84 kg/cm2) were 15.81% of brown rice replacement with SHS treatment at 279.59oC for 197.40 sec. Meanwhile, optimal conditions for extruded snack with the highest predicted water uptake (384.79%) were 17.18% of brown rice replacement ratio with SHS treatment at 274.52oC for 196.22 sec.

물 수급 불균형현상을 극복하기 위해 해수담수화 공법 중 적은 에너지를 소모하는 역삼투분리막 공정이 사용되고 있다. 하지만 분리막을 통과할 수 있는 구동압력이 요구되어 전기에너지가 필요하고 효율적인 운전비용 사용을 위한 최적의 공정설계가 필요하게 된다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 역삼투 분리막 공정을 전산 모사하는 분리막과 관련 설비들의 대한 수학적 모델링을 수행하고, 공정의 최적화를 위해 성능이 다른 분리막을 연계하여 단일 vessel을 구성하거나, 단일 vessel 내 유입∙유출 경로 조건을 변경하거나, 여러 분리막 vessel을 다단으로 구성하는 방안 등에 대하여 시스템적 관점으로 비교하고 분석하였다. 이를 통해 분리막의 종류와 구성에 따른 공정의 경제성 및 분리 성능을 향상시키는 방안을 도출하였다.

In order to select the supporting points for large glass panels used for TFT-LCD monitors, an optimization method selecting the supporing points is presented. In this method we reduce the problem of 1 degree of freedom. ANSYS optimization module is used and optimization criterion is to minimize the maximum deflection.

Distribution basins are used widely in the water treatment process. Uniform distribution at the distribution basin is an important because it affect precipitation efficiency of sedimentation basin. Generally distribution basin has a free surface water and is consisted of a weir. Study result, when inflow of distribution basin is less, amount of overflow is much at the nearest weir from the inlet. But when inflow is much, amount of overflow is much at the far weir from the inlet. The difference of distribution amount at the pipe is affected by the curvature and length of the pipe. The magnitude of the effect is determined by the relative energy loss and the flow state of the distribution basin. Optimization of the response surface method for minimizing an amount of deviation of the distribution is a very useful technique to determine the optimal ratio of the valve opening.

본 논문에서는 커코프 판이론과 폰-칼만 비선형 변형율-변위 관계를 이용하여 서형화된 좌굴해석을 수행하였다. 평면응력과 좌굴문제에서 영률과 두께에 관한 설계민감도식을 유도하였고, 고유치를 최대화하면서 컴플라이언스를 최소화하는 위상최적설계 기법을 정식화하였다. 좌굴해석에서의 프리스트레스를 이용하여 판 좌굴문제에 적용할 수 있는 위상최적설계 기법을 개발하였다. 폰-칼만 비선형 변형률을 사용하여 좌굴문제의 응력행렬을 구성하는데 프리스트레스가 필요하므로 면외로의 운동을 도입하였다. 위상최적설계를 위하여 정규재료밀도를 설계변수로 하고, 목적함수는 최소 컴플라이언스와 최대 고유진동수로 하였으며 제한조건은 허용되는 재료량이다. 여러 수치예제를 통하여 개발된 설계민감도 해석법은 유한차분 민감도와 비교하여 매우 정확한 값을 가지고, 위상최적설계는 물리적으로 의미있는 결과를 제공함을 확인하였다.

This paper deals with the production plan for the foaming process, the core part of the refrigerator manufacturing process. In accordance with this change, the refrigerator manufacturing process has also been converted into the mixed-model production system and it is necessary to optimize the production release pattern for the foaming process. The pattern optimization is to create a mixed-model combination which can minimize the number of setup operations and maintain mixed-model production. The existing method is a simple heuristic that depends on the demand priority. Its disadvantages are low mixed-model configuration rate and high setup frequency. Therefore, demand partitioning occurs frequently. In this study, we introduce the tolerance concept and propose a new pattern optimization algorithm based the large neighborhood search (LNS). The proposed algorithm was applied to a refrigerator plant and it was found that mixed-model configuration rate can be improved without demand partitioning.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to present a linear programing optimization model for the design of lane-based lane-uses and signal timings for an isolated intersection. METHODS: For the optimization model, a set of constraints for lane-uses and signal settings are identified to ensure feasibility and safety of traffic flow. Three types of objective functions are introduced for optimizing lane-uses and signal operation, including 1) flow ratio minimization of a dual-ring signal control system, 2) cycle length minimization, and 3) capacity maximization. RESULTS : The three types of model were evaluated in terms of minimizing delay time. From the experimental results, the flow ratio minimization model proved to be more effective in reducing delay time than cycle length minimization and capacity maximization models and provided reasonable cycle lengths located between those of other two models. CONCLUSIONS : It was concluded that the flow ratio minimization objective function is the proper one to implement for lane-uses and signal settings optimization to reduce delay time for signalized intersections.

Recently, the Ministry of Labour, published clause 2 of Article 41 (Risk Assessment) of the Act "Industrial Safety and Health" dated 12 June 2013 in connection with continuous increase of accidents at construction sites in order to prevent accidents in industrial safety and health in new construction in accordance with the risk assessment on construction projects are realized after March 13, 2014. In this paper, positive method of calculating risk discussed by performing research the awareness of general contractors and sub-contractors with presenting risky situation is considered. The purpose will be a positive method of calculating risk and would be a sufficient basе and give a positive direction in the development of new systems currently working in the construction and risk assessment which consider the characteristics of sufficient risk assessment system for future research.