Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy is applied to BaSrFBr:Eu film which is used for the phosphore layer,and afterwards the reliability and self-consistency of source corrections in the positron lifetime spectroscopy is investigated usinga 22Na positron emitter covered by thin foils. The positron lifetime showed no significant change through the various protonirradiation energies. It is unusual that the measurements of the defects indicate that most of the defects were likely to have beengenerated by X-ray radiation. This may have resulted from the Bragg peaks of the proton characteristics. The Bragg peak doesnot affect the defect signals enough to distinguish the lifetimes and intensities in a material that is includes multi-grains. Thelifetime (τ1) associated with positron annihilations in the Ba, Br, and Eu of the sample was about 250ps, and due to theannihilations at F-centers or defects from the irradiated protons in sample, the lifetime (τ2) was about 500ps.

Males of many cricket species produce calling songs to attract receptive, conspecific females. Calling songs which affected by calling pattern are critical for male mating success, since male with no or limited calling songs are unable to attract female crickets. Investigating among- and within-individual variation in calling pattern may reveal the presence of alternative mating tactics such as attracting females by producing calling songs or being satellites in which males intercept females who are attracted to calling males. In this study, I investigated patterns of calling song production during the entire adulthood of 32 laboratory-reared and 24 field-captured individuals of Teleogryllu emma. Using recording system which can record acoustic signals from up to 32 individuals simultaneously, I measured daily calling output (DCO) and total calling output (TCO) in addition to acoustic parameters of calling songs and classified T.emma males into consistent and inconsistent singers based on the consistency of singing. Consistent singers lived longer, sang longer both in a day and during the lifetime than the inconsistent singers. These results suggest that the consistent singers in this study may be considered to employ the calling tactic. In lab-reared individuals, there seemed to be a trade-off between increasing pulse duration and length of phrases and ling chirp although older males produced calling songs with longer ling chirps and more multiple phrases.

According to the Korea Agency for Technology and Standards under the Commerce Ministry, OLED device's lifetime is defined 50% drop of luminance. OLED device is self-emitting operating device, that means it becomes different color between pixels under using environment. That's reason of the different luminance drop ratio & chromaticity coordinates shift ratio with time. The problem is there is not recovered after luminance drop and color shift. We can recognize the difference of color as image sticking. First we studied when human recognize the difference of color and second we apply the method of OLED device's lifetime test that's able to check different color between pixels.

According to the Korea Agency for Technology and Standards under the Commerce Ministry, OLED device's lifetime is defined 50% drop of luminance. OLED device is self-emitting operating device, that means it becomes different color between pixels under using environment. That's reason of the different luminance drop ratio & chromaticity coordinates shift ratio with time. The problem is there is not recovered after luminace drop and color shift. We can recognize the difference of color as image sticking. First we studied when human recognize the difference of color and second we apply the method of OLED device's lifetime test that's able to check different color between pixels

Display's life time is defined as the time of 50% luminance drop. It was used luminance and temperature as accelerated factor to accelerated lifetime at test. When it's working jule-heat is generated and device's temperature is growing as any temperature because OLED is self-luminance display device. So we decided temperature condition is 25, 70℃, and luminance condition is 60~300cd/m2 in test. It's assumed accelerated lifetime model by result of the test.

To application Arrhenius model for OLED's lifetime, it's needed in high temperature test. Because OLED's character is changed in high temperature, it's important to find limit temperature. We found out 40℃ is proper temperature by result of tests. But that is not enough acceleration to apply in practical affairs. We find new stress to get a bigger accelerated constant.

Because the damages of corrosion resulting from the chloride ion are very serious, many research studies have been performed to measure the penetration depth of the chloride ion. However, there is a problem with data selection obtained from collection during experiments. After careful study, it appears that the collected data are not conformed to a normal distribution. The result of this study will play a very important role, as a first step for the development and construction of a forecasting system to help determine a reliable service lifetime of marine structures.

해양 구조물은 일반 구조물과는 달리 구조물 속으로 염화물이 침투하기 때문에 시간이 지나면서 빠르게 부식을 하게 되고, 부식이 진행됨에 따라 구조물의 붕괴를 야기 시킨다. 그러므로 염화물의 침투 정도와 부식의 진행 상태를 예측할 수 있다면 사고 예방은 물론, 친환경적 해양 구조물이 될 수 있으리라 사료된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 해양 구조물의 염화물 침투를 예측하고, 부식으로 인한 구조물 붕괴 및 사고를 예방하고자 Sample Design을 통하여 서로 조건이 다른 시험체를 해수에 잠식시키고, 일정기간이 지난 후 Data를 수집하였다. 수집된 Data는 정규분포(Normal Distribution)를 따르지 않는다는 사실을 알게 되었고, 수집된 데이터를 예측 시스템 구축에 활용하기 위한 준비 단계로서 데이터 선정의 타당성을 검토하기 위해 수명분포분석(Lifetime Distribution Analysis)을 실시한 뒤 그 결과를 제시하였다.

Supply chain management and e-procurement system built in the company, are set goal of internal process improvement. This paper show how SLV(Supplier Lifetime Value) can be used to structure the supplier in automotive part manufacturer, the method of selection is described and a detailed example of how SLV can be used and allocation of order Quantity for the selected suppliers also are provided, and aims at giving a method to realization profitable supplier relation using search for SL V system development which is making corporation with supplier, in the favor of decision supplier.

Last 2003, the CRM mayor was not lively glaringly. At beginning of the year, it may be said that gained result fewer than half of that is forecasted. Enterprises are seen that there are a lot of occasions that did not carry CRM project that planned very first time in practice or put off investment program until 2004 altogether. This can see that it is thing which CRM's accuracy of data analysis process drops up to now and investment of enterprises is unprepared. In this paper, It consolidates the necessity on a LTV (Life Time Value) and analyzes data which is concerned of Customer Value. Under the these environments, defines the LTV rule that can improve the customer value. And then, Scheduling plays an important role in shop floor planning. Therefore, this study tries to proposed that Scheduling by customer needs group for minimizing the problem.

We can be acquire the conformation about on the due date of supplier by using the A TP(A vail able to Promise) function of management about real and concurrent access on the supply chain, also decide the affect about product availability due to forecasting or customer's orders through the A TP. Under the these environments, defines the A TP rule that can improve the customer value and data flow related the LTV(Life Time Value) and builds on a algorithm. In this paper, It consolidates the necessity on a LTV (Life Time Value) and analyzes data which is concerned of Customer Value. Under the these environments, defines the LTV rule that can improve the customer value. And then, Scheduling plays an important role in shop floor planning. Therefore, this study tries to proposed that Scheduling by customer needs group for minimizing the problem.

In the recent environment of globalization where fierce competitions exist between manufacturers, SRM(Supplier Relationship Management) plays important role in the strategies of companies, and managements of companies try their best efforts in establishing the strategy to accomplish the innovative relationship between supply chain channels. The structure of the partnerships we develop with not only customers but also suppliers will in many cases determine the degree of success of the relationship. A successful partnership provides an opportunity for shared risk while maximizing the opportunity for mutual success whether it's with supplier. To follow this paper show how SLV(Supplier Lifetime Value) can be used to structure the supplier in automotive part manufacturer, This method of selection is described, and a detailed example of how SLY can be used and allocation of order quantity for the selected suppliers also are provided.

There is only one server available and arriving work require services from this server. Job are processed by the machine one at a time. The most common objective is to sequence jobs on the severs so as to minimize the penalty for being late, commonly called tardiness penalty Based on other objectives, many criteria may serve as s basis for developing job schedules. Therefore, this study tries to proposed that Scheduling by customer needs group for minimizing the problem and reducing inventory, product development time, cycle time, and order lead time.

Scheduling plays an important role in shop floor planning. A scheduling shows the planned time when processing of a specific job will start on each machine that the job requires. It also indicates when the job will be completed on every process. Thus, it is a timetable for both jobs and machines. There is only one server available and arriving work require services from this server. Job are processed by the machine one at a time. The most common objective is to sequence jobs on the severs so as to minimize the penalty for being late, commonly called tardiness penalty. Based on other objectives, many criteria may serve as s basis for developing job schedules. The process also comprises all strategic planning, capital investments, management decisions, and tasks necessary to create a new product. manufacturing processes must be created so that the product can be produced in the product facility. Purchasing new equipment and training workers may be required if new technology is to be used. Tools, fixtures, and the sequence of steps in the manufacturing processes must all be developed to allow rapid, high-quality, cost effective production. Also, it may be needed to be rearrange the production facility to adapt to the new manufacturing processes. Therefore, this study tries to proposed that Scheduling by customer needs group for minimizing the problem and reducing inventory, product development time, cycle time, and order lead time.

This paper presents an approach to derive likelihood models for use in engineering design problems. One main point is made. It is that incorporating engineering knowledge into a likelihood model is possible. The work is foundational in nature, but is developed with an explicit example taken from fatigue failure problem of a structural component, the Paris crack-propagation criterion, and a modified truncated Gaussian distribution.

Today's environment of enterprise is changing, They have to face customer' demands with the right product, the right service and supply them at the right time. And also cut down logistics and inventory cost and bring up the profit as much as they can. This means the change of putting enterprise first in importance to putting customer first importance. therefore to correspond to customer's demand, shorting lead time is becoming a essential condition. The answer to this changes of environment is supply chain management. In this paper, It consolidates the necessity on a LTV(Life Time Value) and analyzes data which is concerned of Customer Value. Under the these environments, defines the LTV(Life Time Value) rule that can improve the customer value. We solved this problems using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) for consistency at relationship matrix, AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) is based on Saaty's consistency rate. If consistency rate is under 0.1 point, preference rate's weights are acceptable. This study develop a program for AHP weights and support Satty's consistency rate.

Today's environment of enterprise is changing. They have to face customer' demands with the right product, the right service and supply them at the right time. And also cut down logistics and inventory cost and bring up the profit as much as they can. This means the change of putting enterprise first in importance to putting customer first importance. therefore to correspond to customer's demand, shorting lead time is becoming a essential condition. The answer to this changes of environment is supply chain management. In the Supply chain, The ATP function doesn't only give customers to conformation of delivery. It can be used by the core function with ATP rule that can reconcile supplies and demands on the supply chain. Therefore We can be acquire the conformation about on the due date of supplier by using the ATP function of management about real and concurrent access on the supply chain, also decide the affect about product availability due to forecasting or customer's orders through the ATP. In this paper, It consolidates the necessity on a CTP and analyzes data which is concerned of ATP. Under the these environments, defines the ATP rule that can improve the customer value and data flow related the LTV(Life Time Value) and builds on a algorithm.

적재하중은 설계편의상 등가등분포하중으로 환산하여 사용하며 따라서 영향면적이 커짐에 따라 하중은 감소하는 경향이 있다. 특히 고층건물 기둥의 축하중은 지지하는 각층으로부터의 축하중이 누적되므로 결과적으로 영향면적이 커지게 되며 사용기간 최대값은 줄어들게 된다. 따라서 현행 국내 시방서와 같이 설계하중이 영향면적에 따라 제시되어 있지 않고 구조부재의 종류별로 주어져 있는 경우에는 기둥과 같이 받치는 바닥의 수가 증가함에 따라 영향면적이 급격히 변할 수 있는 부재에 대하여 적정한 감소계수를 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 단층바닥을 받치는 기둥의 축하중에 대해 현장조사를 통해 분석한 하중모형을 이용하여 고층기둥 축하중의 특성을 분석하였으며, 현행 건축물의 구조설계규준에 제시되어 있는 받치는 바닥의 수에 따른 감소계수의 타당성을 검토하였다.

본 연구에서는 사무실 적재하중을 체계적으로 조사.수집하여 등가등분하중을 산정하였다. 등가등분포하중은 슬래브, 보 기둥등의 부재별로 영향선을 이용하여 분석하였다. 여기에서 하중효과는 보와 슬래브에서는 휨모멘트, 기둥에서는 축력이 고려되었다. 산정된 등가등분포하중 자료로부터 적재하중의 확률적 특성과 영향면적과의 상관관계가 분석되었으며, 다른 하중조사결과와도 비교되었다. 분석된 적재하중의 확률모형을 이용하여 사용기간 동안의 극한값을 산정하였으며, 이 결과는 현행 설계적재하중과 비교되었다. 또한 보다 합리적인 설계적재하중을 결정할 수 있는 기초자료로서 영향면적에 따른 설게하중식을 제안하였다.

The statistical data from WIM has been used only for traffic management and fatigue evaluation of structures. In this study, the algorithm using ESAL for assessment of pavement condition is proposed. To verify the algorithm, WIM system using PVDF sensor was installed on the pavement of bridge deck, also the automatic assessment software was developed. For the reliability verification of the alogorithm, further comparative study based on the long-term data is needed.