In this paper, an evaluation of a product replacement ratio of irreparable items to the normally working ones is performed with a view to a warranty analysis. It is demonstrated that the replacement ratio during the warranty period can be estimated from t

This paper analyzes phenolic compounds, carbon isotopes, and sugar components of whiskys based on the maturation period. For this, the paper considers a total of 40 whiskys(mainly imports) distributed in Korea. It is important to analyze the presence phenolic compounds(e.g., furfural, syringaldehyde, vanillin, syringic acid, and vanillic acid) because these are found only in whiskys ripened in oak. The results indicate that the total content of phenolic compounds increased with the increase in the storage period regardless of the type of whisky. In terms of vanillin/syringaldehyde(V/S), Scotch whiskys had 0.4～0.5; American whiskies, 0.30～0.34; and Canadian whiskies, 0.31～0.33. In terms of Scotch whiskys, Macallan had 0.25～0.34, making it unique among Scotch whiskys. In terms of the ratio of carbon isotopes, there were clear differences between malt Scotch whiskys, blended Scotch grain whiskys, American whiskys, and Canadian whiskys: －23.4～－24.3, －16.8～－21.0, －11.0～－11.5 and －9.5～13.9, respectively. In addition, malt Scotch whiskys contained 40～230 ㎎/ℓ of fructose; blended Scotch whiskys, 20～120 ㎎/ℓ; American whiskys, 50～70 ㎎/ℓ; and Canadian whiskys, 20～100 ㎎/ℓ, demonstrating that the fructose content of single-malt whiskys was twice the average fructose content. On the other hand, malt Scotch whiskys contained 30～170 ㎎/ℓ of glucose; blended Scotch whiskys, 20～120 ㎎/ℓ; American whiskys, 20～30 ㎎/ℓ; and Canadian whiskys, 10～110 ㎎/ℓ, demonstrating that the glucose content of single-malt whiskys exceeded the average glucose content. This study’s results can be used as a database of classification for whiskys based on the fermentation of raw ingredients and the period of maturation for distinguishing between different types of whiskys. In addition, the results can facilitate the verification of genuine whiskys by allowing for the identification of different types of whiskys based on the period of maturation.

본 연구에서는 부산지방기상청 장기 강수량 자료(1973-2007)를 이용하여 부산지역 확률강수량 및 이에 따른 재현 기간을 산정하였다. 확률강수량 산정에 있어서 확률가중모멘트법을 이용하여 매개변수를 추정하였고, x2 및 PPCC 검정을 통해 적합성분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 최적의 확률분포형으로 GLO 모형을 채택하였다. 또한 AWS 자료를 이용하여 부산지역 확률강수량 분포도를 작성하였다. 6시간 지속강수량에 있어서 245.2 mm의 강수량이 100년 마다 발생할 수 있으며, 280.6 mm가 200년에 한번 정도 나타날 수 있다. 확률강수량 분포도 결과 1시간 지속강수일 경우 동래구에서 높은 값을 가지며, 3시간 지속강수는 부산연안 전반에 걸쳐 높게 나타나고 있다. 6시간 지속강수량일 경우는 부산진과 양산일대에서 높은 값을 나타내며 12시간 지속강수의 경우 남동연안지역과 웅상 일대에서 높은 값을 보이는 특징이 나타났다.

In this study, a reliability analysis method is discussed for the evaluation of the withdrawal ratio of non-repairable items to the normally working items of a controller product model. Although the analysis method is rather straightforward, one can estimate the probability of withdrawal and present the management a useful information on the appropriateness of the warranty period, exploiting the collected data, which is commonplace in the industrial site. For the methodology is to be refined, more systematic collection of data and adoption of more sophisticated analysis method are yet to be desired.

The environment of automobile industry in the world is rapidly changing. It is changing of high oil price, technology, environment and construction of competition by newly rising an economic district. Automobile company is focusing on three issue because they want to reinforce competition of automobile industry in the world. That is innovation of production profit management through quality management and Lean. Chance of success is separated in R&D, providing distribution, manufacture, distribution, selling in automobile industry. Emphasis on development process, distribution process, manufacture process, circulation and selling process for strengthening the competitiveness and guarantee. In this thesis, we try to analysis the data set period of automobile production by using survival analysis. While using mean comparison of general statistics commit mistakes, survival analysis can used for including censored data in order to heighten analysis efficiency.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the articles of food and nutrition published in the Yeo-Sung magazines from 1936 to 1940 in Korea. Out of the 67 articles about the food and the nutrition from the Yeo-Sung magazines, 28 (41.8%) of them were about the brief information of food and nutrition news, 16 (23.8%) of them were about the recipes, 6 (9.0%) were about the nutrition information, and 17 (25.4%) of them were about others. As the number of recipes mentioned from the Yeo-Sung magazine was 103, 77 items, the majority, were about the Korean foods, 18 of the Western foods, 6 of Chinese foods, and only 2 of Japanese foods. This result showed that the Japanese colonization didn't seem to influence on Korean tastes and gastronomy. During this period, the modernization caused the numerous changes to our traditional cuisine with introduction of new western menu items and concept of nutrition. The nutrition articles highly recommended eating brown rice, vegetables, tofu, and the white meat. Shin-Young Bang, one of the main authors, insisted that "Cookery is not only the skill, but also the one of the very important academic sciences." showed budding modern cookery sciences in Korea.

This paper is concerned with the natural periods of ambient vibration and eigenvalue analysis. Ambient vibration tests were conducted to four bearing-wall reinforced concrete buildings ranging from twelve to nineteen stories. The performance of modeling in eigenvalue analysis was investigated using consideration of rigidity out of the plane in the slab and the non-structural bearing wall. Measured natural period was also compared with the value by the KBC2005. Natural period of the short direction in eigenvalue analysis is well fitted with the measured one. In the other hand, Natural period of the long direction in eigenvalue analysis is slightly more overestimated than the measured one. Natural period of the long direction in eigenvalue analysis was found to be enhanced by considering the effect of the stiffness out of the plane of the slab and non-structural wall in the structural modeling.

Many studies have shown that the initial median frequency (MDF) and slope correlate with the muscle fiber composition. This study tested the hypothesis that the initial MDF and slope are fixed, regardless of the interval at which data are collected. MDF data using moving fast Fourier transformation of EMG signals, following local fatigue induced by isotonic exercise, were obtained. An inverse FFT was used to eliminate noise, and characteristic decreasing regression lines were obtained. The regression analysis was done in three different periods, the first one third, first half, and full period, looking at variance in the initial MDF, slope, and fatigue index. Data from surface EMG signals during fatiguing isotonic exercise of the biceps brachii and vastus lateralis in 20 normal subjects were collected. The loads tested were 30% and 60% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) in the biceps brachii and 40% and 80% MVC in the vastus lateralis. The rate was 25 flexions per minute. There were no significant differences in the initial MDF or slope during the early or full periods of the regression, but there was a significant difference in the fatigue index. Therefore, to observe the change in the initial MDF and slope of the MDF regression line during isotonic exercise, this study suggest that only the early interval need to be observed.

표고버섯은 담자균류 송이과에 속하는 식용 버섯으로, 영양 성분 및 약리적 효능이 높기 때문에 동양인에게 중요한 버섯이며, 점차로 생산량과 소비량이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는, 고품질 표고버섯 생산시기의 기상자료를 분석하여 표고버섯의 품질에 영향을 주는 생육 환경요인을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 1997~1998년 국내 고품질 표고버섯이 생산되는 지역중 3지역(부여, 원주, 장흥)을 선정하였다. 표고버섯의 다량 발생시기 20일 기준으로 기상분석시기 15일을 선정하였다. 환경요인으로는 발생시기의 일 온도차, 일습도차, 일평균온도, 일 평균습도 및 풍속을 분석하였다. 발생기간중의 일 평균온도는 버섯 발생 온도 하한치인 7℃ 이하에서 적정온도 20℃까지의 변화를 보였고, 일 온도차는 주간에는 7~20℃, 야간에 0~-2℃의 범위를 나타냈다. 일평균습도 50~70%으로 강우에 따라서 변화 폭이 컸으며, 일습도차는 40~60%의 차를 나타냈다. 풍속은 1~4m.s-1이었다 .따라서 화고, 동고의 생육환경은 일반적인 표고버섯의 적정 생육 조건과는 큰 차이를 보였다. 생육기간동안의 일 온도차, 일습도차, 저 습도, 풍속 등의 환경 조건은 고품질 표고버섯 발생의 요인의 하나라고 추정된다. 이 연구결과는 버섯의 시설재배시 고품질 표고버섯 생산을 위한 환경조절기술로 적용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

This study was carried out in order to analyze the changes in nitrogen containing taste compounds of traditional Korean soy sauce with varying Meju concentrations (Meju-water ratios of 1:4 and 1.3:4) and ripening periods (up to 2 years), and to investigate correlation between sensory characteristics and taste compound contents via contents assay and sensory evaluation of soy sauce samples. Nitrogen compound contents were higher in 1.3:4 than in 1:4 for all nitrogen compounds. Free amino acid contents were highest in soy sauce ripened for 210 days. Among amino acids, glutamic acid was highest concentration. Nucleotides and their related compound contents did not vary with concentrations and were highest in the sample ripened for 210 days. In direct sensory evaluation of soy sauce, overall taste preference showed positive correlation to sweet taste. Likewise, overall taste preference showed positive correlation to umami, nutty, sweet taste in the sensory evaluation of seaweed soup seasoned with soy sauce. Sensory evaluation score was higher in 1.3:4 than in 1:4. According to the correlation assay of taste compound contents and sensory evaluations, nitrogen compounds (such as amino type nitrogen), amino acids (such as glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and lysine, and etc.), nucleotides (such as AMP, IMP, and etc) had significant influence on the sensory characteristics of soy sauce, and therefore we can conclude that these compounds affect the taste and quality of soy sauce.

본 연구에서는 상법보다 메주농도를 높게하여 간장을 제조한 후, 2년의 장기 숙성을 거쳐 시료를 제조하고, 메주 농도와 숙성 기간에 따른 맛 특성 변화를 알아보기 위해 간장의 일반 성분 및 당류를 분석하였다. 간장의 일반 성분 중 pH는 4.5~5.3 범위로, 숙성 기간에 따라 감소하였고, 적정 산도는 pH와 상대적인 경향을 보이며 숙성기간에 따란 증가하였다. 총산은 586.145~1008.169mg%로 역시 숙성기간에 따란 증가하였으며, 모두 메주농도 1.3;4에서 높게 나타났다. 완충 작용은 숙성 기간에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다. 조단백은 6.0681~11.5431 범위로 숙성 기간에 따라 증가하였고, 메주농도 1.3:4에서 그 함량이 높았다. 조지방은 0.03~0.2%로 숙성 초기와 1.3:4에서 함량이 더 높게 나타났다. 수분은 50~70%로 숙성기간에 따라 감소하였고, 식염은 20.54~30.33%로 숙성 기간에 따라 증가하다 2년째는 감소하였다. 순고형분은 숙성 기간에 따라 증가하였고 메주농도 1.3:4에서 더 높았다. 각 시료의 환원당 함량은 숙성기간 도안 완만한 증가를 보였고, 유리당으로는 galactose 261~744mg%, glucose 139.07~339.91mg%, fructose 59.71~168.88mg% 순서로 높은 함량을 나타냈다.

16세기 종교개혁 이후 근, 현대교회사에 해당하는 시기에 새로운 신학사 상체계가 수립되고 새로운 교회체제인 교파(교단)제도가 출현하게 되었다. 루터교, 성공회, 개혁교회, 침례교, 급진종교개혁세력등으로 대표되는 개신교는 저마다 교단의 정체성을 확립하는 과정에서 여러 신앙고백과 신학체계를 확립했고 교단의 운영체제인 감독정체, 장로정체, 회중정체등도 각 교파가 처한 여건과 상황속에서 발전시켜 나갔다. 한국교회사학회 창간이후, 지난 50년 동안 학회지에 실렸던 72편의 논문들은 각 교단 관련 신학과 교회정체, 그리고 일반적인 주제들(교회일치운동 포함)을 다루었다. 하지만 특정 주제가 차지하는 비중이 상당했으며 이에 주제의 다양성 확보와 보다 다양한 교단참여와 적절한 성비 비율을 위한 대책이 시급해 보였다.

The purpose of this study was to develop a period analysis algorithm for detecting new variable stars in the time-series data observed by charge coupled device (CCD). We used the data from a variable star monitoring program of the CBNUO. The R filter data of some magnetic cataclysmic variables observed for more than 20 days were chosen to achieve good statistical results. World Coordinate System (WCS) Tools was used to correct the rotation of the observed images and assign the same IDs to the stars included in the analyzed areas. The developed algorithm was applied to the data of DO Dra, TT Ari, RXSJ1803, and MU Cam. In these fields, we found 13 variable stars, five of which were new variable stars not previously reported. Our period analysis algorithm were tested in the case of observation data mixed with various fields of view because the observations were carried with 2K CCD as well as 4K CCD at the CBNUO. Our results show that variable stars can be detected using our algorithm even with observational data for which the field of view has changed. Our algorithm is useful to detect new variable stars and analyze them based on existing time-series data. The developed algorithm can play an important role as a recycling technique for used data

본 연구는 기상학적 및 수문학적 가뭄지수를 이용하여 가뭄사상의 첨두 심도 발생시점과 가뭄발생 기간에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 연구를 수행하기 위해 사용한 가뭄지수로 기상학적 가뭄지수는 표준강수지수(Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI)를 사용하였으며, 수문학적 가뭄지수로는 하천가뭄지수(Streamflow Drought Index, SDI)와 표준하천유량지수(Standardized Streamflow Index, SSI)를 이용하였다. 연구 대상지역은 농촌과 도시가 공존하는 청미천 유역을 선택하였으며, 평가기간은 1985년 1월부터 2017년 6월까지 32.5년을 평가하였다 하천유량은 SWAT 모형을 이용하여 산정하였다. 수집한 데이터를 이용하여 가뭄지수를 산정한 후에 시계열을 토대로 가뭄의 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 수문학적 가뭄은 기상학적 가뭄이 발생한 후에 발생하는 것을 확인할 수 있다. SDI가 SSI보다 SPI와의 첨두 발생시점, 가뭄 시작일의 차이와 평균 가뭄기간이 더 크게 나지만, 가뭄지수의 심도를 비교해보면 일반적으로 SSI가 SDI 보다 심각한 심도를 나타내고 있다. 그러므로 가뭄의 특성을 확인하기 위해서는 기상학적, 수문학적 가뭄지수 등 다양한 가뭄지수를 검토해야 한다.

For analysis of the relationship among blueberry cultivars, the growth period and morphological characteristics were investigated in 28 blueberry cultivars, and cluster analysis using the SAS program was conducted based on the morphological data. The harvest period was later and longer in rabbiteye blueberry cultivars (Austin, Brightwell, Powderblue, Southland, Tifblue) than in highbush blueberry cultivars. The L/D ratio of flower was more than 2.0 in the Austin, Brightwell, Powderblue, Southland, Tifblue, and Brigitta cultivars, and this could be disadvantageous for pollination. The 28 blueberry cultivars were classified into two groups by the cluster analysis based on growth period and morphological characteristics. Group I included rabbiteye blueberries and Group II included highbush blueberries. However, the northern, southern, and half-highbush blueberry cultivars were not differentiated.

본 연구에서는 모수(parameter)가 시간에 따라 변화하는 비정상성 확률분포를 훙수빈도분석에 적용하였다. 또한, 비정상성을 가정한 재현기간 및 위험도를 추정하였다. GEV (Generalized Extreme Value) 분포를 사용하여 정상성 및 비정상성 모형 4개를 구축하였으며 비정상성 모형은 위치모수(location parameter)만 선형경향성을 가지는 경우, 규모모수(scale parameter)만 선형경향성을 가지는 경우, 위치 및 규모모수가 모두 선형경향성을 가지는 경우의 3가지로 구분되었다. 구축된 4개의 모형 중 적합모형을 선정하기 위해 상대적 우도비 검정과 Akaike 정보기준을 사용하였으며, 우리나라의 8개 다목적댐(충주댐, 소양강댐, 안동댐, 임하댐, 합천댐, 대청댐, 섬진강댐, 주암댐)으로부터 취득된 과거 관측 댐 유입량을 사용하여 제안된 절차를 적용하고 결과를 비교분석하였다. 적합모형 선정 결과 합천댐과 섬진강댐이 비정상성 GEV 모형에 적합한 것으로 분석되었고, 나머지 6개 지점의 다목적댐들은 정상성 모형에 적합한 것으로 분석되었다. 특히 합천댐과 섬진강댐의 경우 비정상성 가정에서 산정된 재현기간이 정상성 가정에서 산정된 재현기간보다 작게 산정되었음을 알 수 있었다.