In the policy management system of the safety&health(same as the environment and the quality), the documentation of the management system is required in various international standards & guides. In case of 3 level classification of the system documents, it generally will be identified such name as the manual, the procedure(or the process) and the job instruction. Each level of the document has the unique role and usage though, the job instructions, especially, would be developed to support the practical job worker. Considering such document level, the job instructions should be reflect the latest know-how of the job-handling methods. And that, it should be used at any times by the related job worker. This paper is prepared for surveying the actual usage status of the job instructions of the domestic enterprises holding ISO certificate and trying to suggest the better way of application of the system documents.

In this study, actual status of safety management for the objects of 173 university, government research institution, and corporate affiliated research center was carried out through questionnaires. For unexpected accident status according to kinds, scale, and types of laboratories, frequency analysis using cross analysis and multiple replies analysis was used. The result of this study is judged to be used for laboratory safety education prevention programs, laboratory environment improvement, investment or improvement of laboratories through the actual safety management status of laboratories such as vulnerable works for generation of unexpected sudden accidents according to kind, scale, and type of laboratories, period of occurrence, prevention education, necessity for preliminary test, and cause of laboratory accidents.

전세계 주요 원자력선진국들의 사용후핵연료 처리에 대한 기술 및 정책현황을 알아보고 향후 우리나라의 연구방향을 제시해 보았다. 재처리 정책을 가진 소위 핵연료주기 국가들은 최근 선진핵 연료주기기술에 기초한 새로운 사용후핵 연료 관리정책을 발표하였다. 그 정책은 사용후핵연료 내에 함유된 우라늄 또는 초우란 원소들을 재순환하고 고독성의 방사성 물질 및 장반감기를 가진 물질들을 소멸하거나 단반감기 원소로 변환하는데 초점을 맞추고 있다. 이러한 정책은 원자력의 자원 활용성을 높일 뿐만 아니라, 영구 처분할 고준위폐기물의 양을 감소시켜 궁극적으로 원자력의 지속가능성을 높여 준다. PUREX 방법에 기초한 습식재처리를 우선순위로 선택한 대부분의 국가들은 이 습식방법이 건식방법에 비해 실용화에 앞서 있음을 그 선택 의 근거로 든다. 그러나 습식방법은 건식에 비해 핵확산저항성 측면에서 더욱 민감하다. 왜냐하면 이 습식방법은 약간의 공정수정에 의해 순수 플루토늄을 회수 할 수 있기 때문이다. 반면에 아직까지 실용화 단계까지는 도달해 있지 않지만 고온 용융염을 사용하는 Pyroprocess와 같은 건식처리 방법은 순수한 플루토늄을 회수 할 수 없어서 핵비확산성 측면에서 유리하며, 제4세대 원자로로 고려되는 고속로의 핵연료주기 등에도 여러 가지 이점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 우리나라의 경우 현재 이 Pyroprocess에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다.

The increasing interest in light weight materials coupled to the need for cost -effective processing have combined to create a significant opportunity for aluminum P/M. particularly in the automotive industry in order to reduce fuel emissions and improve fuel economy at affordable prices. Additional potential markets for Al PIM parts include hand tools. Where moving parts against gravity represents a challenge; and office machinery, where reciprocating forces are important. Aluminum PIM adds light weight, high compressibility. low sintering temperatures. easy machinability and good corrosion resistance to all advantages of conventional iron bm;ed P/rv1. Current commercial alloys are pre-mixed of either the AI-Si-Mg or AL-Cu-Mg-Si type and contain 1.5% ethylene bis-stearamide as an internal lubricant. The powder is compacted in closed dies at pressure of 200-500Mpa and sintered in nitrogen at temperatures between in continuous muffle furnace. For some applications no further processing is required. although most applications require one or more secondary operations such as sizing and finishing. These sccondary operations improve the dimension. properties or appearance of the finished part. Aluminum is often considered difficult to sinter because of the presence of a stable surface oxide film. Removal of the oxide in iron and copper based is usually achieved through the use of reducing atmospheres. such as hydrogen or dissociated ammonia. In aluminum. this occurs in the solid st,lte through the partial reduction of the aluminum by magncsium to form spinel. This exposcs the underlying metal and facilitates sintering. It has recently been shown that < 0.2% Mg is all that is required. It is noteworthy that most aluminum pre-mixes contain at least 0.5% Mg. The sintering of aluminum alloys can be further enhanced by selective microalloying. Just 100ppm pf tin chnnges the liquid phase sintering kinetics of the 2xxx alloys to produce a tensile strength of 375Mpa. an increilse of nearly 20% over the unmodified alloy. The ductility is unnffected. A similar but different effect occurs by the addition of 100 ppm of Pb to 7xxx alloys. The lend changes the wetting characteristics of the sintering liquid which serves to increase the tensile strength to 440 Mpa. a 40% increase over unmodified aIloys. Current research is predominantly aimed at the development of metal matrix composites. which have a high specific modulus. good wear resistance and a tailorable coefficient of thermal expnnsion. By controlling particle clustering and by engineering the ceramic/matrix interface in order to enhance sintering. very attractive properties can be achicved in the ns-sintered state. I\t an ils-sintered density ilpproaching 99%. these new experimental alloys hnve a modulus of 130 Gpa and an ultimate tensile strength of 212 Mpa in the T4 temper. In contest. unreinforcecl aluminum has a modulus of just 70 Gpa.

본 연구에서는 6σ의 DMAIC, Ford의 8D 프로세스, 품질기술 분임조 개선활동, PDCA, S-PPM, 100PPM 개선활동, Feigenbaum, Juran 등이 제시한 다양한 문제해결 또는 품질, 공정, 경영혁신 등의 기법을 상호 비교하여 통합(Fusion), 공유(Sharing)할 수 있는 방안을 제안하며, ISO 9001:1994, 2000에 의한 품질시스템, 품질코스트(COQ)와 의 통합 구축방안을 제안한다.

우리나라 음료에 관한 현재까지의 과학적 연구결과를 수집하여 고찰하였다. 음료분야에서 수집된 최근의 연구논문은 총 79편이었으며 이들을 분류해보면 순다류 관련문헌이 11편, 유사다류 38편, 숭늉류 3편, 미식류 4편, 식혜류 9편, 수정과류 1편, 화채류 관련문헌 10편,기타문헌이 5편이었다. 현재 보고되어 있는 논문의 대부분이 음료의 성분을 규명하거나 제조방법이나 가공에 대한 연구이다. 따라서 음료의 재료에 관한 품질특성과 저장수명에 대한 더 많은 연구와 한국 고유음료의 산업화를 위한 다각적인 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

This study was conducted to research on the nutritional status of vegetarian boys high school students, to keep abreast with the international trend of stressing the vegetarian diet, thereby analyzing the degree of the influence of their dietary habit on their growth. The object of the study were 62boys high school students who are lacto-ovo vegetarians, and the author adopted three popular research methods. questionaire physical test and blood test Though vegetarian diet is helpful for the prevention of coronary and heart diesedse of the adults, but it is not enough for the students who are needed lot of protein and calorie.

The selection of fnancial assets within households has gained increasing prominence in the context of China’s economic development. This paper systematically reviews existing literature, both domestic and international, focusing on family heterogeneity and the infuence of external factors. It critically assesses the advancements made in understanding the determinants of family fnancial asset choices while also acknowledging the limitations in current research. Building upon this comprehensive review, the paper identifes three promising avenues for future exploration. Firstly, there is a need for research delving into the impact of the digital economic environment on family fnancial asset choices. Secondly, understanding how macroeconomic systems shape these decisions is crucial for a holistic perspective. Lastly, examining the heterogeneity among family members and its influence on financial asset choices offers a nuanced understanding of this intricate decision-making process. The insights presented in this paper are invaluable for both academic research and practical applications related to family fnancial asset selection.